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Ever Closer Union

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A Short History of Europe

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Abstract

The speed of the collapse of Communism and the Soviet block meant that the European Community now had to address urgently a number of issues. Within the Community there were two problems.

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Notes

  1. Japan 3.2 per cent GDP; USA 2.8 per cent; EU average 1.8-2.0 per cent. European Commission, Reviewing and Building on the Declaration of 9 May 1950 (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2001), p. 119.

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  2. Text of the Maastricht Treaty on European Union in Official Journal of the European Communities, no. C224 of 31 August 1992, (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities).

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  3. Glenny, M., The Balkans, 1804–1999 (London, Granta Publications, 2000), pp. 641–2.

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  4. An excellent overview of NATO activities and relationships is The Role of NATO and its Partner Countries (Brussels: NATO Office of Information and Press, 1999).

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  5. See, for example, Van Buitenen, P., Blowing the Whistle, (London, Politico, 2000).

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  6. Connolly, B., The Rotten Heart of Europe (London: Faber and Faber, 1995).

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  7. See, for example, Siedentop, L., Democracy in Europe (London: Allen Lane Press, 2000).

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  8. European Commission, The European Union and the World, (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2000), p. 28

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  9. See, for example, Spence, J. E., A New World Order? The Implications of 11 September 2001 (South African Institute of International Affairs, Johannesburg, 2002) pp. 108–9.

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  10. Text of the Cotonou Convention of 23 June 2000 in Official Journal of the European Communities, no. L317, 15 December 2000 (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland

    Antony Alcock (Emeritus Professor of European Studies)

Authors
  1. Antony Alcock
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© 2002 Antony Alcock

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Cite this chapter

Alcock, A. (2002). Ever Closer Union. In: A Short History of Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230597426_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230597426_15

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-333-99407-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-230-59742-6

  • eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)

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