Abstract
The Fascist Party [...] started to become, like Mazzini’s Young Italy, the faith of all Italians contemptuous of the past and longing for renewal. A faith like any faith that comes up against an established reality to be broken up and melted down in the crucible of new energies and recast to accommodate the burning zeal and intransigence of a new ideal. It was the same faith that had matured in the trenches and in intense reflection on the sacrifice made in the battle fields directed towards the only end that could justify it: the life and greatness of the Fatherland.
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Notes
Emilio Gentile et al., ‘Manifesto of Fascist Intellectuals’, in Jeffrey Schnapp (ed.), A Primer of Italian Fascism (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000), pp. 297–303.
The basic argument in Zeev Sternhell, with Mario Sznajder and Maia Asheri, The Birth of Fascist Ideology: From Cultural Rebellion to Political Revolution (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995).
Claudio Fogu, The Historic Imaginary. Politics of History in Fascist Italy (Buffalo, NY: University of Toronto Press, 2003), p. 6.
Notably Denis Mack Smith, Mussolini. A Biography (New York: Vintage Books, 1983).
Benito Mussolini, My Autobiography (New York: Charles Scribner, 1928), pp. 68–9.
Emilio Gentile, The Struggle for Modernity. Nationalism, Futurism, and Fascism (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003), pp. 61–2.
Pier Giorgio Zunino, LTdeologia del fascismo (Bologna: II Mulino, 1985), p. 164.
Doug Thompson, State Control in Fascist Italy. Culture and Conformity (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1991).
Maria Stone, The Patron State. Culture and Politics in Fascist Italy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998)
Emilio Gentile, The Sacralization of Politics in Fascist Italy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996).
Mabel Berezin, Making the Fascist Self: The Political Culture of Inter-War Italy (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, 1997).
Victoria De Grazia, How Fascism Ruled Women. Italy 1922–1945 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992).
David Horn, Social Bodies. Science, Reproduction, and Italian Modernity (Princeton, NJ.: Princeton University Press, 1994).
Carl Ipsen, Dictating Demography. The Problem of Population in Fascist Italy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
Maria Quine, Italy’s Social Revolution. Charity and Welfare from Liberalism to Fascism (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002).
Walter Adamson, Avant-Garde Florence: From Modernism to Fascism (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993), p. 250.
David Kertzer, Ritual, Politics and Power (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1988), pp. 176–7.
Primo Levi, If this is a Man (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1987), pp. 111–12.
Modris Eksteins, Rites of Spring (1989) (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000), p. 303.
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© 2007 Roger Griffin
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Griffin, R. (2007). The Fascist Regime as a Modernist State. In: Modernism and Fascism. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230596122_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230596122_9
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