Post-National Security Policy in Europe

Abstract

The EU has shown remarkable ability to develop security policy in recent years; it has emerged as a security actor in a very short time, also in a military sense. The EU has a policy for crisis management and has adopted several measures to improve capability, develop common research and procurement, and has published an embryonic paper on strategic thinking, the European Security Strategy (ESS). In addition, it has now deployed in several missions. Hence, a post-national security and defence policy is emerging; both private actors and international organisations conduct military operations. We are in a transition phase in Europe, but it is clear that this represents a paradigm shift.