Conclusion: A Three-Year Progress Report and Tackling Root Causes

Abstract

Europe Confronts Terrorism examines the institutional, political, security and other reforms that have taken Place in Europe in the three years since the catastrophic terrorist attacks in the United States in 2001. The tragic attacks in Madrid on 11 March 2004 — to date, the worst terror attack on European soil — demonstrated that Europe was also a target, and emphasised the necessity of decisively defeating the al-Qa’ida organisation, movement and network.