Skip to main content

The Economics of Emerging Infections in the Asia-Pacific Region: What Do We Know and What Do We Need to Know?

  • Chapter
Plagues and Politics

Part of the book series: Global Issues Series ((GLOISS))

Abstract

Recently, the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) joined a number of other trading cooperations and communities in making the issue of emerging infectious diseases a priority. Although there is a perception that epidemics are costly, description or quantification of these costs has not been systematic. We reviewed published and unpublished information about the costs of epidemic disease activity in the 19 Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation economies and other regional economies to establish the economic costs over the past ten years. Our own study did not include a number of direct or human costs related to the occurrence of major infectious diseases. These costs include treatment costs and lost income as well as other costs related to social changes brought about by the onset of an infectious disease. Rather, we focused on loss in revenues and costs of regulation and trade and travel dislocation to economies. Our findings are: (1) measurement of economic impact of infectious diseases has been haphazard, and information is therefore uneven; (2) due to the sparcity of information, it proved impossible to quantify a total cost figure for the APEC economies due to epidemic activity impact on trade and travel; (3) a case study approach allows the most useful consideration of such activity; (4) describing risk factors for economic loss may prove useful; (5) more systematic prospective monitoring would be useful to quantify the impact of epidemic activity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Asian Wall Street Journal Remember the plague (editorial). 1994, p. 8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Associated Press Cisternas, C. Ecuador says Cholera Continues to Spread; Death Toll at 26. 1991; Quito.

    Google Scholar 

  • Associated Press Emling, S. Cholera Sweeps into Latin America. 1991; Guatemala City.

    Google Scholar 

  • Associated Press WHO chief says cholera epidemic may cost Peru $1 billion. 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Associated Press Lynn, B. Spread of Cholera Threatens Millions in Latin America. 1991a; Lima.

    Google Scholar 

  • Associated Press Lynn, B. Cholera Epidemic Hurting Peru’s Economy. 1991b; Lima.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, R. The Economic Effects of Malaria Eradication. The American Economic Review, 1967; 128–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, B.P., Goldoft, M., Griffin, P.M. et al. A multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome from hamburgers, the Washington experience. JAMA 1994, Nov. 2 272(17):1349–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bloom, Lyons (eds). The economic Impact of AIDS in Asia. UNDP Regional Programme Division, Regional Bureau for Asia and the Pacific 1993; Chapters 2, 5 and 7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bloom, D.E. and Mahal, A.S. Does the AIDS Epidemic Threaten Economic Growth? Journal of Econometrics, 1997; 77:105–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung, P. Farmers in Hong Kong face lengthy recovery from chicken slaughter. Orange County Register (from Associated Press) 1998; a21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chickens back in Hong Kong after officials end six-week ban. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, 1998; 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chin, J. Nandonet as reported in ProMED mail February 8, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • China — Hong Kong tries to deal with desertion by tourists. The Seattle Times, 1998; 10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Compensation for poultry industry. Chicago Tribune, 1998; 7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuddington, J.T. and Hancock, J.D. Assessing the Impact of AIDS on the Growth Path of the Malawian Economy. Journal of Development Economics, 1994; 43:363–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cuddington, J.T. Further Results on the Macroeconomic Effects of AIDS: the Dualistic, Labour-Surplus Economy. The World Bank Economic Review, 1993a; 7(3):403–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cuddington, J.T. Modeling the Macroeconomic Effects of AIDS, with an Application to Tanzania. The World Bank Economic Review, 1993b; 7(2):173–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dow Jones India’s trade deficit swells; plague hits exports. 1994; New Delhi.

    Google Scholar 

  • Financial Times Sidhva, S. Airlines resume flights to India. London 1994; 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Financial Times Wagstyl, S. and Cookson, C. Indian trade hit by plague panic. London 1994; 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Financial Times Wagstyl, S. Indian food exports hit by plague panic. London 1994; 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritz, C.L., Dennis, D.T., Tipple, M.A. et al. Surveillance for Pneumonic Plague in the United States During an International Emergency: a Model for Control of Imported Emerging Diseases. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1996; 2(1):30–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giraud, P. The Economic Impact of AIDS at the Sectoral Level: Developing an Assessment Methodology and Applying it to Thailand’s Transport Sector. 1994; p. 71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammer, J.S. The economics of malaria control. World Bank Research Observer, 1993; 8(1):1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hammer, J.S. The economic analysis for health projects. World Bank Research Observer, 1997; 12(1):47–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanveldt, R., Ruedy, N. and Strathdee, S. Indirect Costs of HIV/AIDS Mortality in Canada. AIDS 1994, October 8(10):F7–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hattangadi, S. and Dawley, H. India’s Plague takes an Economic Toll, Too. Business Week International Editions, 1994; 24.

    Google Scholar 

  • HK poultry industry presses government for more compensation. Dow Jones International News, Hong Kong 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holtgrave, D. and Pinkerton, S. Updates of Cost of Illness and Quality of Life Estimates for Use in Economic Evaluations of HIV Prevention Programs. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Human Retroviruses 1997, September 1 16(1):54–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong Kong acts to placate chicken owners. New York Times Abstracts, 1998; 7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hong Kong Health Department, 1997, http://www.info.gov.hk/dh/

  • India’s exports have been hurt badly. Bureau of National Affairs International Trade Reporter 1994; 11:1662.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kambou, G., Devarajan, S. and Over, M. The Economic Impact of AIDS in an African Country: Simulations with a Computable General Equilibrium Model of Cameroon. Journal of African Economics, 1992; 1(1):109–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimball, A.M. et al.The Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Emerging Infections Network 1998; University of Washington, Seattle.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, L. Hong Kong airline shares hit by bird flu. Financial Times, London edn, Hong Kong 1998; 29.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, H. Surat’s revenge: India Counts the Mounting Costs of Poverty. Far Eastern Economic Review, 1994; 76.

    Google Scholar 

  • ODWALLA. From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections associated with drinking unpasteurized commercial apple juice — British Columbia, California, Colorado and Washington, October 1996. JAMA 1996, Dec 18; 276(23):1865.

    Google Scholar 

  • PAHO at Work Today: the Case of Cholera. Pan American Health Organization Bulletin, 1992; 26(4):294.

    Google Scholar 

  • PAHO. Peru. Health Conditions in the Americas, 1994; 11: 349–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pan American Health Organization, Cholera situation in the Americas: 1991–1995. Epidemiological Bulletin, 1995; 16(2):12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Recovery for Hong Kong chicken farmers may take years. Dallas Morning News, Hong Kong 1998; 11A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salon, O. and Barrozo, A. Overseas Contract Workers and the Economic Consequences of the HIV and AIDS in the Philippines. 1995; p. 111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Task Force [Sakai City] on the Mass Outbreak of Diarrhea in School Children of Sakai City, Takatorige, T. et al. (eds). Report on the outbreak of E. coli O157 infection in Sakai City. Sakai City, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • Time Gorman, C. Death in the Time of cholera. 1991; 58.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNAIDS, WHO HIV/AIDS Epidemic, estimates published June 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • USDA, media reports ‘Agriculture Department to Investigate Beef Slaughter Process’ September 12, 1997 as reported in ProMED mail, September 19, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viravaidya, M., Obrembsky, S. and Myers, C. The Economic Impact of AIDS on Thailand. 1991; p. 7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wall Street Journal Holman, R.L. Postscripts. 1991; A14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Washington Post Levinson, J.I. Cholera: Lesson for Latin America. 1991; A19.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Trade Organization. Trends and Statistics in International Trade, World Trade Organization, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2001 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Davis, R., Kimball, A.M. (2001). The Economics of Emerging Infections in the Asia-Pacific Region: What Do We Know and What Do We Need to Know?. In: Price-Smith, A.T. (eds) Plagues and Politics. Global Issues Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230524248_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics