Abstract
“My faith in the people governing is, on the whole, infinitesimal; my faith in The People governed, is, on the whole, illimitable.”1
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Notes
Charles Dickens, “Inaugural Address on the Opening of the Winter Session of the Birmingham and Midland Institute,” 27 September 1869, in The Speeches of Charles Dickens, ed. R. H. Shepherd (London: M. Joseph, 1937), p. 316.
Charles Dickens to E. M. FitzGerald, 29 December 1838, quoted in Una PopeHennessy, Charles Dickens (New York: Howell, Soskin and Publishers, 1946), p. 107.
Steven Marcus, Dickens: from Pickwick to Dombey (New York: Basic Books, 1965), p. 51.
George Bernard Shaw, “[Writings on GreatExpectationsJ” in Critical Essays on Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations (Boston: G. K. Hall, 1990), p. 35.
Anoymous, Fraser’s Magazine, 21 (April 1840): 400.
Karl Marx, “The English Middle Class,” New York Tribune, 1 August 1854, p. 4.
John Forster, The Life of Charles Dickens 3 vols. (London: Chapman and Hall, 1872–74), 1:286.
Quoted in M. W. Flinn, introduction to Edwin Chadwick, Report on the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain, 1842 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1965), p. 56.
Harriet Martineau, quoted in Humphry House, The Dickens World (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1941), pp. 74–5.
G. K. Chesterton, The Victorian Age in Literature (repr. London: House of Stratus, 2000), p. 23.
George Santayana, Soliloquies in England and Later Soliloquies (New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1922), pp. 59–60.
G. M. Young, ed., Early Victorian England, 1830–1865 2 vols. (London: Oxford University Press, 1934), 2:456.
G. M. Young, Portrait of an Age (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1960), p. 29.
Charles Dickens, “On Strike,” in “Gone Astray” and Other Papers From Household Words, 1851–59, ed. Michael Slater, Dent Uniform Edition of Dickens’ Journalism, vol. 3 (London: J. M. Dent, 1998), 197. Hereafter cited in the text and notes as GA.
See Karl Marx, “Alienated Labor,” in Early Writings, trans. and ed. T. B. Bottomore (New York: McGraw Hill, 1964), pp. 120–34; Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present (New York: New York University Press, 1977); Thomas Carlyle, “Chartism,” in Selected Writings (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1980); and Georg Lukâcs, History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, trans. Rodney Livingston (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1971).
Charles Dickens to Angela Burdett-Coutts, 15 May 1855, quoted in Edgar Johnson, Charles Dickens: His Tragedy and Triumph (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1952), 2:841.
See GA, p. 225. See also Charles E. Rosenberg, The Cholera Years (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962); and John Snow, Snow on Cholera (London: Oxford University Press, 1936). For John Snow’s famous cholera map of London during the 1854 outbreak see <www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/snowmap1_18541ge.htm>.
J. Hillis Miller, “The Fiction of Realism: Sketches by Boz, Oliver Twist, and Cruikshank’s Illustrations,” in Dickens Centennial Essays, ed. Ada Nisbet and Blake Nevius (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971), p. 92. All further citations are in parentheses in the text.
Ibid., p. 89.
Ibid., p. 93.
Charles Dickens, “Brokers and Marine-store Shops,” in Sketches by Boz and Other Early Papers, 1833–39, ed. Michael Slater, Dent Uniform Edition of Dickens’ Journalism, vol. 1 (London: J. M. Dent, 1994), p. 179.
For a seminal discussion of this ability, see Raymond Williams, The Country and the City (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), pp. 165–82.
See Deirdre McCloskey, “Bourgeois Virtue,” American Scholar 63, 2 (Spring 1994): 177–91; Daniel Born, The Birth of Liberal Guilt in the English Novel: Charles Dickens to H. G. Wells (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995). For a more complex analysis of the liberal impulses for reform, see Lauren M. E. Goodlad, Victorian Literature and the Victorian State: Character and Governance in a Liberal Society (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003). See also Julie Ellison, “A Short History of Liberal Guilt,” Critical Inquiry 22 (Winter 1996): 344–71.
D. A. Miller, The Novel and the Police (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988), p. x.
Ibid., p. 210.
Mary Poovey, “Domesticity and Class Formation: Chadwick’s 1842 Sanitary Report ” in Subject to History: Ideology, Class, Gender, ed. David Simpson (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1991), p. 83.
See Hilary M. Schor, Dickens and the Daughter of the House (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999) and Catherine Waters, Dickens and the Politics of the Family (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
See Peter Ackroyd, Dickens (London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1990), p. 709; Johnson, Charles Dickens, 841, 842.
David Glover, “Bram Stoker and the Crisis of the Liberal Subject,” New Literary History 23 (Autumn 1992): 984–5.
Karen Chase and Michael Levenson, The Spectacle of lntimacy: A Public Life for the Victorian Family (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000), p. 30.
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Childers, J.W. (2006). Politicized Dickens: The Journalism of the 1850s. In: Bowen, J., Patten, R.I. (eds) Palgrave Advances in Charles Dickens Studies. Palgrave Advances. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230524200_10
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