Local Loop, ISPs and IAPs

Abstract

This chapter analyses two steps of the value chain that have traditionally been considered in isolation; in terms of Figure 1.3 (p. 11), these are: (6) local loop operators (usually local telecommunication companies, ‘Baby Bells’ in the USA), and (5) Internet Access Providers (IAPs). As we will see in the chapter, these two steps are intimately related, not only because IAPs must use a local loop to reach their customers, but also because technological advances in the latter will completely restructure the IAP industry in the next few years