Abstract
Bolívar spoke with great eloquence and precision to the Congress of Angostura. It was there that he described the Spanish American revolution as he saw it:
A republican government, that is what Venezuela had, has and should have. Its principles should be the sovereignty of the people, division of powers, civil liberty, prohibition of slavery and the abolition of monarchy and privileges. We need equality to recast, so to speak, into a single whole, the classes of men, political opinions and public custom.1
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Notes
Angostura Address, 15 February 1819, in Simón Bolívar, Obras completas, 2nd edn, 3 vols (Havana, 1950), vol. III, p. 683.
R.R. Palmer, The Age of the Democratic Revolution, a Political History of Europe and America, 1760–1800, 2 vols (Princeton, NJ, 1959–64); for criticism see
Alfred Cobban, ‘The Age of the Democratic Revolution’, History, vol. 45 (1960), pp. 234–9 and
A. Goodwin, The New Cambridge Modern History. Volume VIII. The American and French Revolutions 1763–93 (Cambridge, 1965), p. 4.
E. J. Hobsbawm, The Age of Revolution: Europe 1789–1848 (London, 1962), p. 53.
Daniel Florencio O’Leary, Memorias del General Daniel Florencio O’Leary. Narratión, 3 vols (Caracas, 1952), vol. I, pp. 63–4.
Jamaica Letter, 6 September 1815, Simón Bolívar, Escritos del Libertador (Caracas, 1964), vol. VIII, p. 240.
Bolívar to Santander, 10 July 1825, Simón Bolívar, Cartas del Libertador, edited by Vicente Lecuna, 12 vols (Caracas, 1929–59), vol. V, p. 27.
R.A. Humphreys (ed.), The ‘Detached Recollections’ of General D.F. O’Leary (London, 1969), p. 28;
L. Peru de Lacroix, Diario de Bucaramanga, edited by N.E. Navarro (Caracas, 1935), pp. 106–7.
Decree, 12 March 1828, Simón Bolívar, Decretas del Libertador, 3 vols (Caracas, 1961), vol. III, pp. 53–4.
Simón Bolívar, Decretos de Libertador, edited by Vicente Lecuna, 3 vols (Caracas, 1961), vol. I, pp. 55–6;
John V. Lombardi, The Decline and Abolition of Negro Slavery in Venezuela, 1820–1854 (Westport, CT, 1971), pp. 41–6.
Harold H. Bierck, ‘The Struggle for Abolition in Gran Colombia’, Hispanic American Historical Review, vol. 33 (1953), pp. 365–86.
Timothy Anna, The Fall of the Royal Government in Peru (Lincoln, NE, 1970), pp. 62–3.
Revenga to Director General de Rentas, José Rafael Revenga, La hacienda pública de Venezuela en 1828–1830 (Caracas, 1953), p. 218.
David Bushnell, The Santander Regime in Gran Colombia (Newark, DE, 1954), pp. 137–47, 149–50.
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© 2001 Institute of Latin American Studies
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Lynch, J. (2001). Simón Bolívar and the Age of Revolution. In: Latin America between Colony and Nation. Studies of the Americas. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230511729_7
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