Abstract
As the Third Reich drew to a close, Hans Frank began to see what he had done. He was leaving behind a dire situation. Poland had been destroyed in both material and human terms. Only the very strongest character could have accepted responsibility in full. The Governor General never quite managed this. Time and again, Hans Frank re-lived his past (during interrogation, while on trial and as he wrote his memoirs), but always at decisive points he twisted what had really occurred. He interpreted things not as they had happened, but as he wished they had been.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Re-living the Past
N. Frank, Der Vater. Eine Abrechnung. Munich: Goldmann, 1993, p. 267.
See, for example, J.E. Persico, Nuremberg. Infamy on Trial. London: Allison and Busby, 1995, p. 26
and W. Maser, Nuremberg. A Nation on Trial. London: Allen Lane, 1977, p. 47.
B.C. Andrus, The Infamous of Nuremberg. London: Leslie Frewin, 1969, p. 27.
W. Hasenclever, Ihr werdet Deutschland nicht wiederkennen. Erinnerungen. Berlin: Kiepen und Witsch, 1975, p. 193.
B.F. Smith, Reaching Judgment at Nuremberg. London: Andre Deutsch, 1977, p. 194.
Patrick Cooper quoted in H. Gaskin, Eyewitnesses at Nuremberg. London: Arms and Armour, 1990, p. 144.
D.M. Kelly, 22 Cells in Nuremberg. A Psychiatrist Examines the Nazi Criminals. New York: Greenberg, 1947, pp. 8–10.
E. Davidson, ‘The Nuremberg Trials and One World’, Issues and Conflicts (1959), p. 236.
H. Frank, Im Angesicht des Galgens. Deutung Hitlers und seiner Zeit auf Grund eigener Erlebnisse und Erkentnisse. Munich: Friedrich Alfred Beck, 1953, pp. 258–9.
See C. Schudnagies, Hans Frank. Aufstieg und Fall des NS-Juristen und Generalgouvereur. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1989, p. 78.
A. Götz, Bilanz der Verfolgung von NS-Straftaten. Cologne: Bundesanzeiger Verlag, 1986, p. 16.
The following details are based on W.A. Schabas, Genocide in International Law. CUP, 2000, pp. 17–38.
Götz, Bilanz der Verfolgung p. 12. C.-E. Barsch, Das Urteil von Nürnberg. Zur Aktualität der Anklage gegen ‘Herman Göring und andere’ Babylon 1 (1986) p. 47.
S.R. Ratner and J.S. Abrams, Accountability for Human Rights Atrocities in International Law. Beyond the Nuremberg Laws. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997, p. 163.
G.J. Bass, Stay the Hand of Vengeance. The Politics of War Crimes Tribunals. Princeton University Press, 2000, pp. 151–8.
ibid., pp. 181–2 and 195. For a discussion of developments during this period, see also R. Overy, Interrogations. The Nazi Elite in Allied Hands, 1945. London: Allen Lane. 2001. pp. 6–22
and G. Robertson, Crimes against Humanity. The Struggle for Global Justice. London: Penguin, 1999, pp. 211–14.
L. Kahn, ‘Achievement and Failure at Nuremberg’, The Wiener Library Bulletin 25 (1972), p. 23.
D.C. Watt, ‘Nuremberg Reconsidered’, Encounter 50 (1978), pp. 83–5.
Seaghan Maynes quoted in Gaskin, Eyewitnesses, pp. 146–7 and D. Viktor Frh. von der Lippe, Nürnberger Tagebuchnotizen. November 1945 bis Oktober 1946. Frankurt am Main: Verlag Fritz Knapp, 1951, p. 545.
W. Maser, Nuremberg. A Nation on Trial. London: Allen Lane, 1977, p. 287.
M. Osiel, Mass Atrocity, Collective Memory and the Law. New Brunswick: Transaction, 1997, pp. 59 and 158.
T. Meron, War Crimes Law Comes of Age. Oxford: Clarendon, 1998, p. 198.
A. Rückerl, NS Verbrechen vor Gericht. Heidelberg: CF Müller Verlag, 1984, pp. 93–4.
D.A. Sprecher, Inside the Nuremberg Trial. A Prosecutor’s Comprehensive Account. Lanham: University Press of America, 1999, Vol. 1, pp. 507–11.
G.M. Gilbert, The Psychology of Dictatorship. New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1950, p. 148.
W.A. Schabas, Genocide in International Law. CUP, 2000, p. 206.
A.V. Knieriem, Nürnberg. Rechtliche und menschliche Probleme. Stuttgart: Ernst Klett Verlag, 1953, p. 236.
M. Lbw-Beer, ‘Verschämter oder missionarischer Völkermord? Eine Analyse des Nürnberger Prozesses’, Babylon 1 (1986), pp. 55 and 61.
Copy to be found both in IMT and as an appendix in H. Frank, Im Angesicht des Galgens. Deutung Hitlers und seiner Zeit auf Grund eigener Erlebnisse und Erkentnisse. Munich: Friedrich Alfred Beck, 1953.
Elie Wiesel in I. Cotler (ed.), Nuremberg Forty Years Later. The Struggle against Injustice in our Time. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s UP, 1995, p. 15.
M. Osiel, Mass Atrocity, Collective Memory and the Law. New Brunswick: Transaction, 1997, pp. 2–4.
G.M. Gilbert, The Psychology of Dictatorship. New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1950, p. 81.
N. Goodrick-Clarke, The Occult Roots of Nazism. Secret Aryan Cults and their Influence on Nazi Ideology. London: I.B. Tauris, 1992, p. 145.
See especially H. Phelps, ‘Hitlers Grundlegende Rede über den Antisemitismus’. Vierteljahreshefte für Zeitgeschichte (1968), pp. 390–428 translated in part in M. Housden, Hitler. Study of a Revolutionary? London: Routledge, 2000, pp. 27–9.
A. Mayer, Why did the Heavens not Darken? New York. 1988.
For a brief discussion, see D. Cesarani, ‘Introduction’ in D. Cesarani (ed.), The Final Solution. Origins and Implementation. London: Routledge, 1994, p. 5.
A. Hillgruber, Zweierlei Untergang. Die Zerschlagung des Deutschen Reiches und das Ende des europäischen Judentums. Berlin, 1986.
For a discussion of this book see R.J. Evans, In Hitler’s Shadow. West German Historians and the Attempt to Escape from the Nazi Past. London: I.B. Tauris, 1989, pp. 47–52.
M. Broszat, German National Socialism 1919–1945. Clio Press, 1966, pp. 32–59.
H. Mommsen, ‘National Socialism: Continuity and Change’ in W. Laqueur (ed.), Facsism. A Reader’s Guide. London: Penguin, 1976, pp. 154–6.
H. Mommsen, Beamtentum im Dritten Reich. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags Anstalt, 1966, p. 13. Also n. 5, Ch. 8.
H. Mommsen, ‘Anti-Jewish Politics and the Implementation of the Holocaust’ in H. Bull (ed.), The Challenge of the Third Reich. Oxford: Clarendon, 1986, p. 130.
H. Mommsen, ‘The Realization of the Unthinkable. The Final Solution and the Jewish Question in the Third Reich’ in H. Mommsen (ed.), Weimar to Auschwitz. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1991, pp. 233 and 250.
T. Mason, Social Policy in the Third Reich. The Working Class and the ‘National Community’. Oxford: Berg, 1993.
M. Housden, Hitler. Study of a Revolutionary? London: Routledge, 2000, p. 178.
M. Hauner, ‘A German Racial Revolution?’, JCH 19 (1984), pp. 669–87 and Housden, Hitler, p. 195.
Norman Frank’s comments are taken from G. Posner, Hitler’s Children. Inside the Families of the Third Reich. London: Penguin, 1992, pp. 13, 17, 36 and 42.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2003 Martyn Housden
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Housden, M. (2003). Re-living the Past. In: Hans Frank. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230503090_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230503090_12
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-51249-2
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-50309-0
eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)