Abstract
Throughout the world, water is becoming increasingly scarce and competition for the resource in local and international transboundary rivers is growing. The pressure on water resources is also influenced by factors such as population growth and implementation of various water-dependent development initiatives; effects of seasonal and inter-annual climatic variations; water pollution and long-term patterns of global climate change that are worsening the imbalance between water supply and demand (FAO, 2010; Gleick, 1993; SIWI, 2007). Availability of water is variable in time and space, implying that some periods and geographical areas may have water in abundance while others not so far away experience scarcity (Biswas and Tortajada, 2010; de Wit and Stankiewicz, 2006). Water governance is not immune to the rapid changes that have been occurring and will continue to occur, within the water sector and in also in other sectors which are likely to affect the water sector directly or indirectly. This view resonates soundly with Falkenmark’s projection that by the year 2025, the water situation in most African states will be very bleak, with absolute water scarcity being experienced in countries such as Malawi, Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi and Nigeria. Such negative changes will require innovative solutions (Falkenmark, 1989).
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Chikozho, C. (2012). Towards Best-Practice in Transboundary Water Governance in Africa: Exploring the Policy and Institutional Dimensions of Conflict and Cooperation over Water. In: Hanson, K.T., Kararach, G., Shaw, T.M. (eds) Rethinking Development Challenges for Public Policy. International Political Economy Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230393271_6
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