Abstract
Born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on 2 June 1840 — less than six months after the marriage of his parents Thomas Hardy ‘the Second’ and Jemima Hand on 22 December 1839 at Melbury Osmond — Thomas Hardy was christened, on 5 July at nearby Stinsford. This had been the family parish since 1801, when the first Thomas Hardy, the writer’s grandfather, moved from Puddletown to the newly built cottage that was to become the family home for the next 112 years. In religious terms, the parish in many ways typified the conservative rural Anglicanism of early nineteenth-century Dorset, with its relaxed approach to religious observances and theological subtleties and a deep attachment to local customs and traditions. This pattern of parish life changed suddenly in 1837, following the arrival at Stinsford of the energetic new vicar Arthur Shirley, who soon set about transforming the relaxed religious mores of his flock along the lines advocated by the Oxford Movement, which he saw launched and growing during his undergraduate years. In spite of his efforts, however, the old ways persisted among his parishioners for quite some time, coexisting, somewhat uneasily at times, with the vicar’s Tractarian seriousness.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Notes to Chapter 1: Hardy’s Religious Biography
1. R. Graves, Goodbye to All That (London: Jonathan Cape, 1929), p. 373.
3. Cf. R. Gittings, Young Thomas Hardy (London: Heinemann, 1975), pp. 48–50.
7. Cf. T. Hands, Thomas Hardy: Distracted Preacher? Hardy’s Religious Biography and its Influence on his Novels (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1989), pp. 19–22; and M. Millgate, Thomas Hardy: A Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982), pp. 84–5, respectively.
11. J.H. Newman, Apologia pro Vita Sua: Being a History of his Religious Opinions (London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green, 1864), p. 78, LN, vol. I, p. 5, entry 10.
20. G. H. Lewes, The Story of Goethe’s Life (London: Smith, Elder, 1873), p. 16, LN, vol. I, p. 14, entry 105.
23. Q. De Quincy, ‘History of the Life and Works of Raffaello’, in R. Duppa and Q. De Quincy, The Lives and Works of Michael Angelo and Raphael (London: Bohn, 1856), p. 249, LN, vol. I, p. 24, entry 225.
24. C. C. F. Greville, The Greville Memoirs: A Journal of the Reigns of King George IV and King William IV, ed. H. Reeve (London: Longmans, Green, 1875), vol. I, pp. 355–6, LN, vol. I, p. 39, entry 380.
42. L. Stephen, History of English Thought in the Eighteenth Century (London: Smith, Elder, 1876), vol. I, p. 80, LN, vol. I, p. 100, entry 980.
46. K. Hillebrand, ‘Familiar Conversations on Modern England’, Nineteenth Century, VII (June 1880), pp. 995–1019, LN, vol. I, p. 134, entry 1203.
52. F. Myers, ‘George Eliot’, Century Magazine, XXIII (November 1881), pp. 57–64, in G. S. Haight, George Eliot: A Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968), p. 464.
53. H. Ellis, The New Spirit (London: Bell, 1890), pp. 59–60, LN, vol. II, p. 14, entry 1697.
54. J. C. Morison, The Service of Man: An Essay towards the Future of Religion (London: Paul, Trench, 1887), pp. 11–17, LN, vol. I, p. 189, entry 1464.
55. F. Harrison, ‘Apologia Pro Fide Nostra’, Fortnightly Review, ns XLIV (November 1888), pp. 665–83, LN, vol. II, pp. 3–4, entry 1650.
57. J. A. Symonds, Essays Speculative and Suggestive (London: Chapman and Hall, 1890), vol. I, p. 31, LN, vol. II, p. 32, entry 1805.
59. Mrs H. Ward, Robert Elsmere (London: Macmillan, 1888), vol. II, p. 336, LN, vol. I. p. 213, entry 1584.
62. R. Gittings, The Older Hardy (London: Heinemann, 1978), p. 75.
75. W. W. How, Bishop of Wakefield, letter to the Editor, Yorkshire Post, 8 June 1896, in L. Lerner and J. Holmstrom (eds), Thomas Hardy and his Readers: A Selection of Contemporary Reviews (London: Bodley Head, 1968), p. 138.
82. G. Egerton (M. C. Bright), Keynotes (London: Mathews and Lane, 1893), pp. 40–1, LN, vol. II, p. 61, entry 1920.
83. C. Holland (C. J. Hankinson), ‘Thomas Hardy – the Man’, Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, LXXXVIII (9 August 1940), p. 788; cf. also C. Holland, Thomas Hardy, O.M.: The Man, His Works, and the Land of Wessex (London: Jenkins, 1933), p. 178.
84. F. M. Ford, Mightier than the Sword (London: Allen and Unwin, 1938), pp. 128–9.
86. D. Kay-Robinson, The First Mrs Thomas Hardy (London: Macmillan, 1979), p. 200.
97. Cf. J. Morley, ‘Comte’, source unidentified, LN, vol. II, pp. 79–80, entry 2011.
105. J. McT. E. McTaggart, Some Dogmas of Religion (London: Arnold, 1906), p. 166, LN, vol. II, p. 206, entry 2381.
108. J. Milne, A Window in Fleet Street (London: Murray, 1931), p. 266.
109. W. Archer, Real Conversations (London: Heinemann, 1904), p. 44.
111. Cf. M. Seymour-Smith, Hardy (London: Bloomsbury, 1994), pp. 114–17.
117. W. C. Cassels, ‘The Present Position of Religious Apologetics’, Nineteenth Century and After, LIV (October 1903), pp. 595–612, LN, vol. II, p. 151, entry 2244.
118. H. Usener, ‘Nativity’, Encyclopaedia Biblica, ed. T.K. Cheyne (London: Black, 1902), cols 3340–51, LN, vol. n, p. 203, entry 2368.
119. Cf. W. Barry, ‘Agnosticism and National Decay’, ‘Magazines and Reviews for March’, The Record, ns XXIV (10 March 1905), p. 226, LN, vol. II, p. 173, entry 2289.
120. H.G. Wells, First and Last Things: A Confession of Faith and Rule of Life (London: Constable, 1908), p. 151, LN, vol. n, p. 202, entry 2364.
123. H. Höffding, The Philosophy of Religion (London: Macmillan, 1906), p. 9, LN, vol. II, p. 224, entry 2435; also ibid., p. 407, entry 2591; also ibid., p. 414, entry 2615 (modified).
132. F. A. Hedgcock, ‘Reminiscences of Thomas Hardy’, National and English Review, CXXXVII (October-November 1951), p. 292.
143. F. E. Hardy, letter to S. C. Cockerell, 4 August 1918, in V. Meynell (ed.), Friends of a Lifetime: Letters to Sydney Carlyle Cockerell (London: Cape, 1940), p. 299.
145. A. Compton-Rickett, I Look Back: Memories of Fifty Years (London: Jenkins, 1937), pp. 24–5.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1996 Jan Jȩdrzejewski
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jȩdrzejewski, J. (1996). Hardy’s Religious Biography. In: Thomas Hardy and the Church. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230378278_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230378278_2
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-39527-9
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-37827-8
eBook Packages: Palgrave Literature & Performing Arts CollectionLiterature, Cultural and Media Studies (R0)