Abstract
Sri Lanka has been able to achieve and maintain social indicators which are unusually high relative to the level of its per capita income and economic development. Its GNP per capita, estimated at approximately US $640 in 1994 (World Bank, 1996) placed Sri Lanka among the 51 poorest countries in the world. Its average life expectancy, at 72 years, was well above that of countries with comparable incomes and was even higher than the average for the upper middle-income countries. Its infant mortality rate, at about 17 per thousand live births, and adult illiteracy, at 10 per cent, were also lower than the averages for the upper middle-income countries.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abayawardene, H. A. P. (1969) ‘Systems of Education in Ancient Sri Lanka’, in Education in Ceylon: A Centenary Volume. Colombo: Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs.
Abhayaratne, O. E. R. (1950) ‘The Influence of Malaria on Infant Mortality’, Ceylon Journal of Medical Science, 7(2):33–54.
Anand, S. and C. Harris (1985) ‘Living Standards in Sri Lanka 1973–1981/82: an Analysis of the CFS Data Central Bank’ (mimeo). Colombo.
Bhalla, S. and P. Glewwe (1985) ‘Living Standards in Sri Lanka in the Seventies — Mirage and Reality’ (mimeo). Washington, DC: World Bank.
Central Bank (various years, 1950–96) Annual Report. Colombo: Central Bank.
Davy, J. (1821, reprinted 1969) An Account of the Interior of Ceylon and of its Inhabitants. Dehiwela: Tissara Prakashaya.
Department of Census and Statistics (various years, 1946–81) Census. Colombo: Government Press.
Department of Census and Statistics (various years) Annual Statistical Abstract. Colombo: Government Press.
Department of Census and Statistics (various years) Food Balance Sheet. Colombo: Government Press.
Department of Census and Statistics (1969) Socio-economic Survey 1968/69. Colombo: Government Press.
Department of Census and Statistics (1981 and 1986) Labour Force and Socio-economic Survey: 1980/81 and 1985/86. Colombo: Government Press.
Department of Census and Statistics (1990) Household Income and Expenditure Survey: 1990. Colombo: Government Press.
Department of Census and Statistics (various years, 1990–95) Labour Force Participation Quarterly Surveys. Colombo: Government Press.
Department of Census and Statistics (1995) Women and Men in Sri Lanka. Colombo: Government Press.
Department of External Resources (1993) Foreign Aid Indicators. Colombo: Government Press.
Fredericksen H. (1960) ‘Malaria control and population pressure in Ceylon’, Public Health Reports, 75:865–8.
Government of Ceylon (1928) Report of the Special Commission on the Constitution. Colombo: Ceylon Government Press.
Government of Sri Lanka (1947) Report of the Commission on Social Services, Sessional Paper 7. Colombo: Ceylon Government Press.
Gunatilleke, Godfrey (1982) ‘Changing needs of children’. Colombo: Marga Institute.
Gunatilleke, Godfrey (1984) ‘Intersectoral Linkages in Health Development’ (mimeo). Geneva: World Health Organization.
Gunatilleke, Godfrey (1985) Health Development in Sri Lanka, an Overview: Good Health at Low Cost. New York: Rockefeller Foundation.
Gunatilleke, Godfrey (1989a) Government Policies and Nutrition Policies in Sri Lanka. Pew/ Cornell Lecture Series. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University.
Gunatilleke, Godfrey (1989b) The Extent and Nature of the Structural Mismatch in the Domestic Labour Market. Colombo: Institute of Policy Studies.
Gunatilleke, Godfrey (1993) Liberalisation and Development in Sri Lanka. Colombo: Marga Institute.
IBRD (various years, 1980–94) Country Reports. Washington, DC: IBRD.
Jayawardene, L. (1974) ‘Sri Lanka’, in H. B. Chenery (ed.), Redistribution with Growth. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Korale, R. B. M. (1988) A Statistical Overview of Employment and Unemployment Trends, Employment Series No 5. Colombo: Institute of Policy Studies.
Marga Institute (1981) An Analytical Description of Poverty in Sri Lanka. Colombo: Marga Institute.
Marga Institute (1991) A Framework for a Comprehensive Social Welfare Policy. Colombo: Marga Institute.
Marga Institute (1994) Poverty in Sri Lanka: Indicators, Typology and Strategies for Poverty Alleviation. Colombo: Marga Institute.
Marga Institute (1996) ‘Social Sector Profile’ (mimeo). Colombo: Marga Institute.
Meegama, S. A. (1967) ‘Malaria eradication and its effects on mortality levels’, Population Studies, 21(3):226.
Ministry of Health (1994) Annual Health Bulletin. Colombo: Government Press.
Ministry of Policy Planning and Implementation (1986) Food and Nutrition Bulletin, I. Colombo: Food and Nutrition Policy Planning Division.
Ministry of Policy Planning and Implementation (1991) A Profile of Child Development in Sri Lanka. Colombo: Government Press.
Ministry of Policy Planning and Implementation (1993) International Conference on Nutrition — Sri Lanka Country Report. Colombo: Government Press.
Mudalige, R. and P. Nestel (1994) Preliminary Report of the Third National Nutritional and Health Survey 1994. Colombo: Ministry of Policy Planning and Implementation.
Nadarajah, T. (1976) Trends and Differentials in Mortality in Population of Sri Lanka — Country Monograph. Bangkok: Exonomic and Social Commission of Asia and the Pacific.
Nanayakkara, A. G. W. (1995) ‘An Analysis of Poverty in Sri Lanka’. Dept of Census and Statistics. Colombo: Government Press.
Newman, P. (1965) Malaria Growth and Population Growth with Special Reference to Sri Lanka and British Guiana. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan School of Health.
Newnham, H. E. (1936) ‘Report on the relief of distress due to sickness and shortage of food’, Sessional Paper. Colombo: Ceylon Government Press.
Peterson, William (1972) Population (2nd edn). New York: Macmillan.
Savundranayagam, Terrence (1982–3) ‘Estimates of Sri Lanka’s Gross National Product, 1950–81’. Central Bank of Sri Lanka Staff Studies, 12(2); 13(1 and 2).
Snodgrass, D. R. (1966) Ceylon: An Export Economy in Transition. Chicago: Richard D. Irwin for Yale University, Economic Growth Center.
United Nations (1976) Population of Sri Lanka. Monograph Series No. 4. Bangkok: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.
World Bank (1952) The Economic Development of Ceylon, Vols 1 and 2. Colombo: Ceylon Government Press.
World Bank (various years) World Development Report. Washington, DC: World Bank.
World Bank (1994) Sri Lanka Poverty Assessment. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2000 United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gunatilleke, G. (2000). Sri Lanka’s Social Achievements and Challenges. In: Ghai, D. (eds) Social Development and Public Policy. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230374232_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230374232_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-333-77912-5
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-37423-2
eBook Packages: Palgrave Political & Intern. Studies CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)