Abstract
‘If men and women were to take turns bearing children and if men were to bear the first, no family would have more than two children.’ This is a hard-hitting saying by a down-to-earth woman. One could also say that if men lived the lives of poor rural or urban women for a day, they would quickly endorse a special focus on the condition of women. As things stand, in Pakistan, a special focus on women is often suspected to be driven by a foreign agenda. Even so, one needs to consider the ideological resistance to studying women, and to focus on interventions to improve their social and economic conditions.
The chapter has been published as a paper written by Shahrukh R. Khan and Mehnaz Ahmad in The Lahore Journal of Economics, 1, no. 1, 1996. Thanks are due to Saba Gul Khattak, Pervez Tahir and Tariq Banuri for comments.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alderman, H. and Marito Garcia, 1993, ‘Poverty, Household Food Security and Nutrition in Rural Pakistan’, Research Report no. 96, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC.
Afshar, H. and C. Dennis, eds, 1992, Women and Adjustment Policies in the Third World ( London: Macmillan ).
Ahmad, T., M. Bhatti and G. Bicego, 1992, ‘Infant and Child Mortality’, in Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 1990–91 ( Islamabad: National Institute of Pakistan Studies ).
Commonwealth Secretariat, 1989, Engendering Adjustment for The 1990s: Report of a Commonwealth Group on Women and Structural Adjustment, ( London: Commonwealth Secretariat).
Cornia, G. A., 1997, ‘Accelerating Human Development in Pakistan’, in eds T. Banuri, S. R. Khan and M. Mahmood, Just Development: Beyond Adjustment with a Human Face ( Karachi: Oxford University Press).
Cornia, G. A., R. Jolly and F. Stewart, 1987, Adjustment with a Human Face: Protecting the Vulnerable and Promoting Growth ( Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Dreze, J. H. and A. Sen, 1989, Hunger and Public Action ( New York: Oxford University Press).
Elson, D., 1991, ‘Male Bias in Macroeconomics: The Case of Structural Adjustment’, in ed. D. Elson, Male Bias in the Development Process ( Manchester: Manchester University Press).
Government of Pakistan, Economic Advisors Wing, Ministry of Finance, Economic Surveys various issues, Islamabad.
Government of Pakistan, Household Income and Expenditure Survey 1984–85 Federal Bureau of Statistics, Karachi.
Government of Pakistan, Household Integrated Economic Survey 1990–91 Federal Bureau of Statistics, Karachi.
Government of Pakistan, Labour Force Surveys several years, Islamabad.
Government of Pakistan, 1978, Micro-Nutrient Survey 1976–77 Nutrition Cell, Planning and Development Division, Islamabad.
Government of Pakistan, 1988, National Nutrition Survey 1985–87 Report, National Institute of Health, Islamabad.
Government of Pakistan, 1992, Pakistan Integrated Household Survey: Final Results, Federal Bureau of Statistics, Islamabad.
Haddad, L., L. R. Brown, A. Richter and L. Smith, 1995, ‘The Gender Dimension of Economic Adjustment Policies: Potential Interactions and Evidence to Date’, World Development, 23, no. 6, pp. 897–912.
Khan, S. R. and S. Aftab, ‘Structural Adjustment, Labour and the Poor’, forth coming in proceedings of a conference organized by the South Asia Forum in Dhulikhel, Nepal, July 9–21, 1994.
Khan, S. R., S. Kazmi and Z. Ahmad, 1996, ‘Structural Adjustment and Food Security in Pakistan: An Aggregate Analysis’, SDPI, mimeo
Onimode, B., 1991, ‘The Impact of Structural Adjustment on Women in Nigeria’, in Women and Structural Adjustment: Selected Case Studies, Commissioned for a Commonwealth Group of Experts, Commonwealth Economic Papers.
Sathar, Z. A., 1985, ‘Infant and Child Mortality Rates in Pakistan: Some Trends and Differentials’, Journal of Biosocial Science, 17, pp. 351–9.
Tanski, J. M., 1994, ‘The Impact of Crisis, Stabilization and Structural Adjustment on Women in Lima, Peru’, World Development, 22, no. 11, pp. 1127–642.
Toye, J., 1995, Structural Adjustment and Employment Policies: Issues and Experience (Geneva: ILO).
UNDP, Human Development Report 1992 (New York: Oxford University Press).
World Bank, World Development Report 1995 (New York: Oxford University Press).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1999 Shahrukh Rafi Khan
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Khan, S.R. (1999). Gender and Structural Adjustment. In: Do World Bank and IMF Policies Work?. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230373259_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230373259_8
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-40745-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-37325-9
eBook Packages: Palgrave Economics & Finance CollectionEconomics and Finance (R0)