Abstract
The June War of 1967 first and foremost brought epoch-making repercussions in its wake. In terms of effects it was superseded only by the 1990–91 Gulf War. It ushered in a new historical era in the region which together with Laroui we have termed an ‘epoch of crisis’ (see Chapter 4). From this standpoint the October War appears by comparison no more than a link in a chain of historical events — simply the continuation of a phase of historical developments that had already been set in motion. Viewed in military and geopolitical terms, however, the October War offers even today a topical and inexhaustible object of study, particularly with regard to ‘linkages’, that is the interconnectedness of the local, regional and international levels of the international system. The preceding analysis of the course of events during the October War and its effects on relations between the superpowers support this assertion.
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Notes and References
B. Tibi, ‘Der Ölpreissturz und seine Opfer’, in Anno 86, Bertelsmann-Jahrbuch, Gütersloh, 1986, pp. 91–5 (with statistics). The London-based monthly Petroleum Economist is the most reliable publication on this subject.
Wolfgang Hager (ed.), Erdöl und internationale Politik Munich, 1975, and Mason WilrichEnergy and World Politics New York, 1975, esp. pp. 180ff.
John Evans, Opec, Its Member States and the World Energy Market, London, 1986 (680pp.) is a reliable handbook on this subject. In another important handbook, A. LeRoy Bennett, International Organizations, Principles and Issues Englewood Cliffs NJ, 1984, pp. 377–8 classifies OPEC under the heading of ‘functional regional organisations’.
Mana S. al-Otaiba, OPEC and the Petroleum Industry, 2nd edn, London, 1976, pp. 1 and 50. Otaiba is oil minister of the United Arab Emirates.
Michael C. Hudson, Arab Politics: The Search for Legitimacy, 2nd edn, New Haven, 1979, pp. 5, 28 and passim.
Pierre Terzian, OPEC: the Inside Stay, London, 1985, p. 165.
M. Tietzel and J. Melcher, Erdöl und Dritte Welt, Bonn, 1975. A more recent work with numerous statistics is P. Hallwood and S. Sinclair, Oil, Debt and Development: OPEC in the Third World London, 1981, pp. 74ff; Shireen Hunter, OPEC and the Third World Bloomington, 1984; Parts 1,4 and 5, in particular are concerned with the OPEC contribution to alleviating these effects through Third World aid.
See J. C. Hurewitz (ed.), Oil, the Arab-Israeli Dispute, and the Industrial World, Boulder, Col., 1976, esp. the contributions by Hager on pp. 34ff., and by Karl Kaiser in the volume by Hager (quoted in note 3 above), pp. 73ff. 30, See Lieber, quoted in note 73 to Chapter 4.
Peter Pawelka, Herrschaft und Entwicklung im Nahen Osten: Ägypten, Heidelberg, 1985, p. 285.
Malcom Kerr and Sayed Yassin (eds), Rich and Poor States in the Middle East, Boulder, Col., 1982, esp. part II, pp. 99f.
See also G. Luciani and G. Salamé (eds), The Politics of Arab Integration, London, 1988.
Daniel Crecelius, ‘Sa’udi-Egyptian Relations’, in International Studies (India), vol. 14, no. 4 (1975), pp. 563–85, on this esp. pp. 581ff.
See Johannes J. G. Jansen, The Neglected Duty: The Creed of Sadat’s Assassins and Islam Resurgence in the Middle East, New York, London, 1986, esp. chapter 1. The term ‘Neglected Duty’ refers to the title of a pamphlet by Sadat’s assassins.
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© 1998 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Tibi, B. (1998). October 1973: The War with Arms and the War with Oil: Petro-dollar Power and the 1973–77 Saudi-Egyptian Axis; its Revival during the Iran-Iraq War and its Aftermath. In: Conflict and War in the Middle East. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230371576_8
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