Abstract
King Charles II’s Ireland is no longer a gaping cavity in the secondary literature. The politics and socio-economic developments of the era have been anatomised in a range of theses and monographs, and are the subject of a recent essay collection.1 But coverage is still unsystematic. Excepting work by Toby Barnard (on commodities),2 Jane Fenlon (on aristocratic patronage of the visual arts),3 Raymond Gillespie (on the book),4 Nuala Burke (on urban growth), and Rolf Loeber and Edward McParland (on architecture),5 few have investigated the material footprints of the period which, as the sources show, left their strongest impressions on the capital.6 A letter from the philosopher William Molyneux to his brother in 1684 illustrates the changes. Molyneux’s younger sibling, studying in the Netherlands, is told that ‘we are come to fine things here in Dublin, and you would wonder how our city increases sensibly in fair buildings, great trade, and splendour in all things, — in furniture, coaches, civility and housekeeping’.7 With the economic stabilisation of the 1670s and immigration from Britain and the rural hinterland, a market for non-staple goods sprouted; simultaneously, fresh architectural styles, European in origin, spread to the city’s residential and public spaces.8
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Notes
S. Egan, ‘Finance and the government of Ireland, 1660–85’ (Ph.D. diss., TCD, 1984); Connolly, Religion, law and power;
M.A. Creighton, ‘The Catholic interest in Irish politics in the reign of Charles II’ (Ph.D. diss., Queen’s University, Belfast, 2000);
C. Dennehy, ‘Parliament in Ireland 1661–6’, (M.Litt. diss., University College, Dublin, 2002);
G. Tapsell, The personal rule of Charles II, 1681–5 (Woodbridge, 2008), ch. 6;
T. Harris, Restoration: Charles II and his Kingdoms, 1660–1685 (London, 2005), pp. 80–104, ch. 7; idem, Revolution: The Great Crisis of the British Monarchy, 1685–1720 (London, 2006), chs. 3, 10;
C. Dennehy, (ed.), Restoration Ireland: always settling but never settled (Aldershot, 2009);
G. Southcombe and G. Tapsell, Restoration politics, religion, and culture: Britain and Ireland, 1660–1714 (Basingstoke, 2009), ch. 5.
T.J. Fenlon, ‘Painters and patrons: Ireland, 1650–1710’ (Ph.D. diss., TCD, 1992); ‘Episodes of magnificence: the material worlds of the dukes of Ormonde’, in J. Fenlon and T.C. Barnard (eds.), The dukes of Ormonde, 1610–1745 (Woodbridge, 2000): 137–59.
R. Gillespie, Reading Ireland: print, reading and social change in early modern Ireland (Manchester, 2005), chs. 4–7.
Burke, ‘Dublin, 1600–1800’; R. Loeber, ‘An introduction to the Dutch influence in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Ireland: an unexplored field’, BIGS, 13/2–3 (1970): 1–29; idem, ‘Irish country houses and castles of the late Caroline period: an unremembered past recaptured’, ibid., 16 (1973): 1–69; idem, ‘Early classicism in Ireland: architecture before the Georgian era’, Architectural History, 22 (1979): 49–63; McParland, Public architecture. Burke died in 1986.
Synopses of the changes include L.M. Cullen, ‘The growth of Dublin, 1600–1900: character and heritage’, in F.H.A. Aalen and K. Whelan (eds.), Dublin, city and county from prehistory to present: studies in honour of J.H. Andrews (Dublin, 1992): 251–77;
D. Dickson, ‘The demographic implications of Dublin’s growth, 1650–1850’, in R. Lawton and R. Lee (eds.), Urban population development in western Europe from the late eighteenth century to the early twentieth century (Liverpool, 1985): 178–89; idem, ‘Capital and country, 1600–1800’, in A. Cosgrove (ed.), Dublin through the ages (Dublin, 1998): 63–76;
R. Gillpesie, ‘Dublin, 1600–1700: a city and its hinterlands’, in P. Clark and B. Lepetit (eds.), Capital cities and their hinterlands in early modern Europe (Aldershot, 1996): 84–104; C. Lennon, ‘The changing face of Dublin, 1550–1750’, in Clark and Gillespie (eds.), Two capitals: 39–52.
DCLA, Gilbert Ms. 44, p. 54; D. Shaw, ‘Restoration through ritual in Ireland: the celebrations of 1661’, in T. Heron and M. Potterton (eds.), Ireland in the Renaissance (Dublin, 2007): 325–36.
A.J. Fletcher, Drama, performance, and polity in pre-Cromwellian Ireland (Cork and Toronto, 2000), pp. 153–5, 197–8.
J. Chrościki, ‘Ceremonial space’, in A. Ellenius (ed.), Iconography, propaganda and legitimation (Oxford, 1998): 193–216, pp. 193, 207.
E. Tierney, ‘Urban festival’, in N. Llewellyn, J. Norman and M. Snodin (eds.), Baroque, 1620–1800: style in the age of magnificence (London, 2009): 166–88, p. 166.
O. Airy (ed.), Essex papers (London, 1890), p. 59;
R. Loeber, ‘The rebuilding of Dublin Castle: thirty critical years, 1661–1690’, Studies, 69 (1980): 45–69.
L. Eachard, An exact description of lreland (London, 1691), p. 80.
H. Morgan, ‘“Over-mighty officers”: the Irish lord deputyship in the early modern British state’, History Ireland, 7/4 (1999): 17–21, p. 21.
J.H. Ohlmeyer, ‘The civil wars in Ireland’, in ead. and J.P. Kenyon (eds.), Civil wars (Oxford, 1998): 73–102, p. 76.
T.C. Barnard, ‘The viceregal court in later seventeenth-century Ireland’, in E. Cruickshanks (ed.), The Stuart courts (Stroud, 2000): 256–65, p. 258; idem, Making the grand figure, p. 6; Fenlon, ‘Episodes of magnificance’.
H.E. Smith, ‘Images of Charles II’ (M.Phil. diss., Faculty of History, Cambridge, 1998), pp. 31, 41, 52;
C.A. Edie, ‘The popular idea of monarchy on the eve of the Stuart Restoration’, HLQ, 39 (1976): 343–73; ead., ‘Right rejoicing: sermons on the occasion of the Stuart Restoration, 1660’, Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester, 62 (1979): 61–86; ead., ‘The public face of royal ritual: sermons, medals, and civic ceremony in later Stuart coronations’, Huntingdon Library Quarterly, 53/4 (1990): 311–36. 69; L. Madway, “The most conspicuous solemnity”: the coronation of Charles II’, in Cruickshanks (ed.), The Stuart courts: 141–57.
Ibid., Ms. 31, f. 366; T.C. Barnard, ‘Trinity at Charles II’s restoration in 1660: a loyal address’, Hermathena, 109 (1969): 44–9.
A. Carpenter, (ed.), Verse in English from Tudor and Stuart Ireland (Cork, 2003), p. 356.
CSPI, 1660–1662, pp. 563–4; L.A. Dohaney, ‘“Empire and poesy together rise”: theatre, government and society in Dublin, 1660–1730’ (Ph.D. diss., Tufts University, 2001), pp. 17–18.
Wentworth’s example is examined in D. Shaw, ‘Thomas Wentworth and monarchical ritual in early-modern Ireland’, Historical Journal, 49/2 (2006): 231–56, pp. 345–6.
Fletcher, Drama, pp. 201–2; C. Stevenson, ‘Occasional architecture in seventeenth-century London’, Architectural History 49 (2006): 35–74;
H.M. Colvin, Essays in English architectural history (New Haven and London, 1999), ch. 1.
K.S. van Eerde, John Ogilby and the taste of his times (Folkestone, 1976), pp. 22–4, 48–69, 73; Madway, ‘The most conspicuous solemnity’.
R. Gillespie, ‘Political ideas and their social contexts in seventeenth-century Ireland’, in J.H. Ohlmeyer (ed.), Kingdom or colony: Political thought in seventeenth-century Ireland (Cambridge, 2000): 107–27, pp. 123–4.
J.C. Beckett, The cavalier duke: a life of James Butler — 1st duke of Ormond, 1610–1688 (Belfast, 1990), p. 145.
J.B. Maguire, ‘Seventeenth-century plans of Dublin Castle’, JRSAI, 104 (1974): 5–14, pp. 8–9.
Bodl., Carte Ms. 32, f. 446; CSPI, 1669–1670, pp. 387, 393–4; Airy (ed.), Essex papers, pp. 92–4; J.R. Jones, The Anglo-Dutch wars (London and New York, 1996), p. 169;
A. Saunders, Fortress builder: Bernard de Gomme, Charles II’s military engineer (Exeter, 2004), pp. 226–8.
John Dunton, Teague land: or, a merry ramble with the wild Irish (1699), ed. Andrew Carpenter (Dublin, 2003), p. 139.
K. Ferguson, “The army in Ireland from the Restoration to the Act of Union” (Ph.D. diss., TCD, 1981), pp. 17, 98.
C.L. Falkiner, ‘The Irish Guards’, 1661–1798, Proc. RIA, C.24 (1902): 7–30, pp. 13–14.
C.E. Pike (ed.), Selections from the correspondence of Arthur Capel, Earl of Essex, 1675–1677 (London, 1913), p. 83.
F.J. Routledge (ed.), Calendar of the Clarendon state papers preserved in the Bodleian library (5 vols., 1869–1970), v, 685.
R. Bagwell, Ireland under the Stuarts and during the Interregnum (3 vols., London, 1909–16), iii, 113.
DCLA, Gilbert Ms. 74, f. 26; Loeber, ‘Dublin Castle’, p. 68; F. O’Dwyer, ‘The ballroom of Dublin Castle: the origins of St. Patrick’s Hall’, in A. Bernelle (ed.), Decantations (Dublin, 1992): 149–67, p. 152.
J. Fenlon (ed.), Goods and chattels: a survey of early household inventories in Ireland (Dublin, 2003): 99–103, p. 100.
Ibid., f. 90; M. Dunlevy, Dublin Barracks (Dublin, 2002), pp. 10–12.
F. Ball, A history of the County Dublin (5 vols., Dublin, 1902–17), iv, 167–73.
C.L. Falkiner, ‘The Phoenix Park, its origin and early history, with some notices of its royal and viceregal residences’, Proc. RIA, C.6 (1902): 465–88. The wider context is traced, though not for this incident, in S. Wynne, ‘The mistresses of Charles II and restoration court politics’, in Crucikshanks (ed.), The Stuart courts: 171–90.
C. Stevenson, Medicine and magnificence: British hospital and asylum architecture, 1660–1815 (New Haven and London, 2000), pp. 50–3.
J. Montague, ‘A shopping arcade in eighteenth-century Dublin: John Rocque and the Essex Street “piazzas”’, IADS, 10 (2008):225–45, pp. 234–5.
A. Hawkyard, ‘From Painted Chamber to St Stephen’s Chapel: the meeting places of the House of Commons at Westminster until 1603’, Parliamentary History, 21/1 (2002): 62–84.
H. Ouston, ‘“From Thames to Tweed departed”: the court of James, duke of York, in Scotland, 1679–82’, in E. Cruickshanks (ed), The Stuart Courts (Stroud, 2000): 266–79.
C.A. McKean, ‘The palace at Edinburgh Castle’, Book of the Old Edinburgh Club, n.s., 4 (1997): 89–102.
R. Burton, Prague: a literary and cultural history (Oxford, 2003), pp. 47–52.
W.G. Strickland, ‘The civic insignia of Dublin’, TRSAI. 51 (1922): 117–32.
J.R. Hill, ‘Corporatist ideology and practice in Ireland, 1660–1800’, in S.J. Connolly (ed.), Political ideas in eighteenth-century Ireland (Dublin, 2000): 64–82, pp. 65, 75.
This under-studied quarter is explored in brief in K. Milne, The Dublin liberties, 1600–1850 (Dublin, 2009), which describes in turn the other manorial jurisdictions.
See K. Bogle, Scotland’s common ridings (Stroud, 2004).
C. Blair and I. Delamer, ‘The Dublin civic swords’, Proc. RIA, C.88/5 (1988): 87–142.
J. Redmond, ‘Sir Daniel Bellingham’, IAR, 19/3 (2002): 120–3, pp. 122–3.
See D. Williamson, Debrett’s Guide to Heraldry and Regalia (London, 1992).
J.P. Montaño, ‘The quest for consensus: the lord mayor’s day shows in the 1670s’, in G. Maclean (ed.), Culture and society in the Stuart restoration: literature, drama, history (Cambridge, 1995): 31–51.
R. Tittler, Architecture and Power: The Town Hall and the English Urban Community, 1500–1640 (Oxford, 1991), pp. 13–42; compare idem., ‘Political culture and the built environment of the English country town, c.1540– 1620’, in D. Hoak (ed.), Tudor political culture (Cambridge, 1995): 133–56.
P. Borsay, The English Urban Renaissance: culture and society in the provincial town, 1660–1770 (Oxford, 1989), pp. 104–6, 325–8.
J. Mitchell, ‘The Tholsel at Galway (1639–1822)’, Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, 35 (1976): 77–85;
M. Quinlan, ‘The Main Guard, Clonmel: the rediscovery of a seventeenth-century courthouse’, BIGS, 36 (1994): 4–29.
R. Moss, ‘Appropriating the past: Romanesque spolia in seventeenth-century Ireland’, Architectural History, 51 (2008): 63–86, pp. 67–8.
J. Imray, The Mercer’s Hall, ed. A. Saunders (London, 1991), pp. 26, 32–3, 38–9, 50 (ill. 24), 60 (ill. 26).
J.S. Curl, The Londonderry plantation, 1609–1914 (Chichester, 1986), p. 106.
K. Gibson, ‘“The kingdom’s marble chronicle”: the embellishment of the first and second buildings, 1600–1690’, in A. Saunders (ed.), The Royal Exchange (London, 1997): 138–73.
Strickland, ‘The civic insignia of Dublin’, pp. 31–2; M. Clark, ‘Dublin city coat of arms’, DHR, 53/1 (2000): 4–5.
R. Gillespie, ‘Robert Ware’s telling tale: a medieval Dublin story and its significance’, Medieval Dublin, v (2004): 291–301.
C.L. Falkiner, Foundation of the Hospital of King Charles II (Dublin, 1906), pp. 45–8, 62–70, 293.
Copyright information
© 2012 Robin Usher
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Usher, R. (2012). Court and City in Restoration Dublin. In: Protestant Dublin, 1660–1760. Early Modern History: Society and Culture. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230362161_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230362161_2
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-30880-4
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-36216-1
eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)