Abstract
Perhaps the first great world war was the Seven Years’ War (1756–63), and with this conflict Britain began its ascent as a European and global power, which was sealed with its Industrial Revolution and the defeat of Napoleon in 1815. British power was ascendant from that time until the wreckage of the First World War. But no country is an island even if it is an island, and its literature and culture lives in the context of its neighbors and the world. British history and literature cannot be understood fully in isolation. Writing in English, then, I wish to return to Comparative and World Literature and history, and to approach these subjects from yet another angle in order to come to a fuller understanding of them. And so I will begin with Germany and a certain leading writer in the culture of that nation.
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Notes
Harry Levin, “English, American, and Comparative Literature,” Grounds for Comparison (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1972), 71, see 72–73. Many thanks to the editors and to the Canadian Comparative Literature Association for permission to include here a revised version of “Reviewing Comparative Reviews,” Canadian Review of Comparative Literature/Revue Canadienne de Littérature Comparée [CRCL/RCLC] 14 (1987), 351–67. At the journal, I would like to thank Paul Robberecht, an editor there at the time, and the research assistants, Mila Bongco for Zhang Benzi, and Sharon Ryan.
See Hayden White, “The Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theory,” History and Theory 23 (1984), 1–33.
This is something that Horst Steinmetz suggests in “Weltliteratur: Umriß eines literaturgeschichtlichen Konceptz,” Arcadia 20 (1985), 2–19.
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The work on literary translation and translation theory is vast. On translation, see, for example, the special issue “Literary Translation and Literary System,” New Comparison 1 (1986); Kwanshang Chen, “Random Notes on Translation,” Waiguoyu 6 (1983), 11–14, 47.
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See also The Manipulation of Literature: Studies in Literary Translation, ed. Theo Hermans (New York: St. Martin’s, 1985), esp. 103–35.
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For the quotation below, see “De L’Experience,” Les Essais de Michel de Montaigne, ed. Pierre Villey (Paris: Librairie Félix Alcan, 1931), III: 576.
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See Jonathan Hart, Comparing Empires: European Colonialism from Portuguese Expansion to the Spanish-American War (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003).
See also G. J. A. O’Toole, The Spanish War: An American Epic—1898 (1984; New York: W. W. Norton, 1986).
David Day, Conquest: How Societies Overwhelm Others (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Many thanks to the editors and publisher for permission to reprint a revised edition of my contribution on “David Day, Conquest: How Societies Overwhelm Others,” European History Quarterly 40 (2009).
See also Anthony Pagden, Peoples and Empires: A Short History of European Migration, Exploration, and Conquest, from Greece to the Present (New York: The Modern Library, 2001).
Jonathan Hart, Empires and Colonies (Cambridge: Polity Press 2008).
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Hart, J. (2011). Comparison, Conquest, and Globalization. In: Literature, Theory, History. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230339583_11
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