Abstract
Two men sit at their desks in an office that was burgled the previous night; their future as salesmen rests in the hands of the policeman in the adjacent room. ‘I swear it’s not a world of men’, Ricky Roma (Al Pacino) states matter-of-factly, ‘It’s a world of clock watchers, bureaucrats, office holders.… We’re the members of a dying breed. That’s why we gotta stick together.’ Shelley ‘The Machine’ Levene (Jack Lemmon) nods but is less confident than his colleague. Praising him on his performance that day, Roma continues: ‘I thought: “The Machine, there’s a man I would work with”.… That stuff you pulled.… That was admirable. It was the old stuff… The things I could learn from you.’ A nervous half-hearted smile crosses Levene’s face: he cannot contain his pride at being complimented by the best salesman in the office but, at the same time, he knows he does not deserve such an honour for he is the man who has stolen the Glengarry leads. As Roma makes a sales call, the camera stays on Levene. The actor takes his clasped hands to his face, presses his index fingers to the bridge of his nose and slowly draws his fingers down, outlining his nose until they rest against his lips (see Figure 1.1). He chokes slightly. With a resigned laugh and sad smile, he sighs and drops his still-clasped hands to his lap.
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Notes
A. Solomon-Godeau (1997) Male Trouble: A Crisis in Representation (London: Thames and Hudson), p. 35;
T. Modleski (1991) Feminism Without Women: Culture and Criticism in a ‘Postfeminist’ Age (New York: Routledge), p. 7.
M. Kimmel (1987) ‘The Contemporary “Crisis” of Masculinity in Historical Perspective’ in H. Brod (ed.) The Making of Masculinities: The New Men’s Studies (Boston, MA: Unwin and Hyman), pp. 121–53.
S. Faludi (1991) Backlash: The Undeclared War Against Women (London: Chatto and Windus), p. 9.
S. Faludi (1999) Stiffed: The Betrayal of the Modern Man (London: Chatto and Windus), p. 10.
The example of prominent profeminist-turned-promale author Warren Farrell is also a case in point. See W. Farrell (1978) The Liberated Man. Beyond Masculinity: Freeing Men and Their Relationship With Women (New York: Bantam);
and W. Farrell (1993) The Myth of Male Power (New York: Simon and Schuster).
The broad and interdisciplinary field of whiteness studies is comprised of works such as D. Roediger (1994) Towards the Abolition of Whiteness: Essays on Race, Class and Politics (New York: Verso)
and bell hooks (1992) Black Looks: Race and Representation (London: Turnaround), pp. 165–78 in particular.
See also, R. Frankenberg (1993) White Women, Race Matters: The Social Construction of Whiteness (New York: Routledge)
and T. Morrison (1993) Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination (London: Pan).
S. Robinson (2000) Marked Men: White Masculinity in Crisis (New York: Columbia University Press), pp. 2–3.
See A. Wierzbicka (1999) Emotions Across Languages and Cultures (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
C. K. Bellinger (2001) The Genealogy of Violence: Reflections on Creation, Freedom, and Evil (Oxford: Oxford University Press), p. 38.
S. Cohan (1997) Masked Men: Masculinity and the Movies in the Fifties (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press);
D. Bingham (1994) Acting Male: Masculinities in the Films of James Stewart, Jack Nicholson and Clint Eastwood (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press);
R. Sklar (1992) City Boys: Cagney, Bogart, Garfield (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
B. Malin (2005) American Masculinity under Clinton: Popular Media and the Nineties ‘Crisis of Masculinity’ (New York: Peter Lang);
P. Gates (2006) Detecting Men: Masculinity and the Hollywood Detective Film (New York: State University of New York Press);
P. Powrie, A. Davis and B. Babington (eds) (2004) The Trouble with Men: Masculinities in European and Hollywood Cinema (London: Wallflower Press);
P. Lehman (ed.) (2001) Masculinity: Bodies, Movies, Culture (London and New York: Routledge);
A. Klevan (2005) Film Performance: From Achievement to Appreciation (London: Wallflower Press);
K. Hollinger (2006) The Actress: Hollywood Acting and the Female Star (London and New York: Routledge).
B. King (1985) ‘Articulating Stardom’, Screen, 26 (5), 31.
V. Turner (1982) From Ritual to Theatre: The Human Seriousness of Play (New York: PAJ Publications), p. 122.
See G. Studlar (2001) ‘Cruise-ing into the Millennium: Performative Masculinity, Stardom, and the All-American Boy’s Body’ in M. Pomerance (ed.) Ladies and Gentlemen, Boys and Girls: Gender in Film at the End of the Twentieth Century (New York: State University of New York Press), p. 176.
P. Drake (2006) ‘Reconceptualizing Screen Performance’, special issue on Screen Performance, Journal of Film and Video, 58 (1–2) (Spring/Summer), 93.
N. Gabler (1998) Life: The Movie: How Entertainment Conquered Reality (New York: Vintage), p. 5.
J. Naremore (1990) Acting in the Cinema (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press), pp. 5–6.
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© 2011 Donna Peberdy
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Peberdy, D. (2011). Introduction: Being a Man. In: Masculinity and Film Performance. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230308701_1
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