Conclusions

Abstract

In a migratory world, and particularly in the European Union, national citizenship has become highly transnational. It has ceased to be exclusive or limited by boundaries of the nation states and instead has become portable, exchangeable, extraterritorial and multiple (Bauböck, 1994a, 1994b; Barry, 2006). In other words, citizens of the EU member states ‘carry’ their national citizenship rights with them when they take up residence in another state and cannot be deprived of their national citizenship against their will. Moreover, in most of the EU member states it has also become possible to acquire citizenship of another state without being forced to renounce the original one.