Abstract
Historians and contemporary witnesses of the decolonization of Indonesia alike draw similar conclusions about the end of the Dutch empire in Southeast Asia. The events of the time have been combined and characterized as a moment of singular importance. The transfer of power, past and present commentators agree, not only brought an end to 350 years of Dutch presence in the Indonesian archipelago but also brought out features of what the Dutch believed to be their “shared identity”: stubbornness and legalistic conceptions of property and sovereignty. Good intentions and interplay of adverse factors have been held accountable for the resistance with which the small European country responded to the demand of a majority of the Indonesian population for sovereignty, independence, and national freedom.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anderson, Benedict (1972) Java in a Time of Revolution: Occupation and Resistance 1944–1946 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press).
Ballinger, Pamela (2007) “Borders of the Nation, Borders of Citizenship: Italian Repatriation and the Redefinition of National Identity after World War II,” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 49(3): 713–41.
Baudet, H. (1983) “Ondernemen in Indonesie na de Tweede Wereldoorlog,” in H. Baudet and M. Fennema (eds.) Het Nederlandse Belang bij Indie (Utrecht: Spectrum).
Bornewasser, J. A. (1995) Katholieke Volkspartij 1945–1980 (Nijmegen: Valkhof Pers).
Bosma, Ulbe, Remco Raben and Wim Willens (2006) De Geschiedenis van Indische Nederlanders (Amsterdam: Bert Bakker).
Bruijn, Jaap R. and Cees Wels (2003) Met Man en Macht. De militaire geschiedenis van Nederland, 1550–2000 (Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Balans): 233–44.
Buettner, Elizabeth (forthcoming) Europe after Empire: Decolonization, Society, and Culture (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Cheong, Yong Mun (1982) H. J. van Mook and Indonesian Independence (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff).
Doel, H. W. van den (2001) Afscheid van Indie: De val van het Nederlandse imperium in Azie (Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Prometheus).
Duffhues, Tom, Albert Felling and Jan Roes (1985) Bewegende patronen: Een analyse van het landelijk netwerk van katholieke organisaties en bestuurders 1945–1980 (Nijmegen-Baarn: KDC-Ambo).
Erasmus University Rotterdam (2008) “International Institute of Social Studies: History: Egbert de Vries,” available at http://www.iss.nl/About-ISS/History/Egbert-de-Vries. Last accessed 3 February 2011.
Erdman, Thomas (2000) “Liberalization, Democratization, and the Origins of a ‘Pillarized’ Civil Society in Nineteenth-Century Belgium and the Netherlands,” in Nancy Bermeo and Philip Nord (eds.) Civil Society before Democracy: Lessons from Nineteenth-Century Europe (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield).
Etzioni-Halevy, Eva (2004) “Elites: Sociological Aspects,” The International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (Amsterdam: Elsevier), 4420–4.
Fasseur, Cees (1994) De Indologen: Ambtenaren voor de Oost 1825–1950 (Amsterdam: Bert Bakker).
Feith, Herbert (1962) The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press).
Frederick, William H. (1989) Visions and Heat: The Making of the Indonesian Revolution (Athens, OH: Ohio University Press).
Frey, Marc (2002) “Drei Wege zur Unabhängigkeit: Die Dekolonisierung in Indochina, Indonesien und Malaya nach 1945,” Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 50: 399–433.
Frey, Marc (2003a) “Control, Legitimacy, and the Securing of Interests: European Development Policy in Southeast Asia from the late Colonial period to the 1960s,” Contemporary European History, 12(4): 395–412.
Frey, Marc (2003b) “The Indonesian Revolution and the Fall of the Dutch Empire: Actors, Factors, and Strategies,” in Marc Frey, Ronald W. Pruessen, and Tan Tai Yong (eds.) The Transformation of Southeast Asia: International Perspectives on Decolonization (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe), 83–104.
Frey, Marc (2006) Dekolonisierung in Südostasien: Die Vereinigten Staaten und die Auflösung der europäischen Kolonialreiche (München: Oldenbourg).
Goedhart, F. J. (1953) Een Revolutie of Drift: Indonesisch Reisjournaal (Amsterdam: Oorschot).
Gouda, Frances and Thijs Brocades Zaalberg (2002) American Visions of the Netherlands East Indies/Indonesia: US Foreign Policy and Indonesian Nationalism, 1920–1949 (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press).
Groen, Petra M. H. (1993) “Militant Response: The Dutch Use of Military Force and the Decolonization of the Dutch East Indies, 1945–50,” Journal of Commonwealth and Imperial History, 21: 30–44.
Hodge, Joseph (2007) Triumph of the Expert: Agrarian Doctrines of Development and the Legacies of British Colonialism (Athens, OH: Ohio University Press).
Hodge, Joseph (forthcoming) “British Colonial Expertise, Postcolonial Careering and the Early History of International Development,” Journal of Modern European History, 8 (1): 24–46.
Houben, Vincent J. H. (2008) “Boundaries of Race: Representations of Indisch in Colonial Indonesia Revisited,” in Harald Fischer-Tiné and Susanne Gehrmann (eds.) Empire and Boundaries: Rethinking Race, Class, and Gender in Colonial Settings (London: Taylor & Francis).
Jong, J. J. P. de (1988) Diplomatie of strijd: Het Nederlandse beleid tegenover de Indonesische Revolutie 1945–1947 (Meppel: Boom).
Jong, J. J. P de (1999) “Onder Ethisch Insigne: De Origine van de Nederlandse O ntwikkelingssamenwerking,” in J. A. Nekkers and P. A. M. Malcontent (eds.) De Geschiedenis van Vijftig Jaar Nederlands Ontwikkelingssamenwerking 1949–1999 (Den Haag: SDU Uitgevers).
Kahin, George McTurnan (1952) Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press).
Kuitenbrouwer, Maarten (1994) De Ontdekking van de Derde Wereld. Beeldvorming en Beleid in Nederland, 1950–1990 (Den Haag: SDU Uitgeverij).
Laarse, Rob van der (1989) Bevoogding en bevinding: Heren en kerkvolk in een Hollandse provinciestad. Woerden 1780–1930 (Den Haag: Stichting Hollandse Historische Reeks).
Lijphart, Arend (1968) The Politics of Accommodation: Pluralism and Democracy in the Netherlands (Berkeley: University of California Press).
Lijphart, Arend (1999) Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries (New Haven: Yale University Press).
Lindblad, J. Thomas (2009) Bridges to New Business: The Economic Decolonization of Indonesia (Leiden: KITLV Press).
McMahon, Robert J. (1981) Colonialism and Cold War: The United States and the Struggle for Indonesian Independence (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press).
Meijer, Hans (1994) Den Haag-Djakarta: De Nederlands-Indonesische betrekkingen 1950–1962 (Utrecht: Het Spectrum).
Miège, Jean-Louis and Colette Dubois (eds.) (1994) L’Europe retrouvée: les migrations de la décolonisation (Paris: L’Harmattan).
Molemans, Griselda (2004) Dochters van de archipel: van moederland Indië naar vaderland Nederland (Amsterdam: Balans).
Moon, Suzanne (2007) Technology and Ethical Idealism: A History of Development in the Netherlands East Indies (Leiden: CNWS Publications).
Nobel, Joris and Meindert Fennema (2004) “Economische Elites na de Dekolonisatie van Nederlands-Indie: Verlies van posities, desintegratie van netwerken, verschuiving van zwaartepunten,” in Meindert Fennema and Huibert Schijf (eds.) Nederlandse Elites in de Twintigste Eeuw: Continuiteit en verandering (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press).
Oostindie, Gert and Inge Klinkers (2003) Decolonizing the Caribbean: Dutch Policies in a Comparative Perspective (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press).
Pennings, P. (1991) Verzuiling en ontzuiling. De locale verschillen. Opbouw, instandhouding en neergang van plaatselijke zuilen in verschillende delen van Nederland na 1880 (Kampen: Kok).
Perry, Jos (1994) Honderd jaar sociaal-democratie in Nederland 1894–1994 (Amsterdam: B. Bakkar).
Peters, F. H. (1999) “Van de nood een deugd. Technische hulp na de dekolonisatie,” in J. A. Nekkers and P. A. M. Malcontent (eds.) De Geschiedenis van Vijftig Jaar Nederlands Ontwikkelingssamenwerking 1949–1999 (Den Haag: SDU Uitgevers).
Reid, Anthony (1974) The Indonesian National Revolution, 1945–1950 (Hawthorn, Victoria: Longman).
Remme, Tilman (1995) Britain and Regional Cooperation in South-East Asia, 1945–1949 (London: Routledge).
Smith, Andrea L. (ed.) (2003) Europe’s Invisible Migrants (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press).
Stuurman, S. (1983) Verzuiling, kapitalisme en partriarchaat: Aspecten van de ontwikkeling van de moderne Staat in Nederland (Nijmegen: SUN).
Verhage, Hans (2003) Katholieken, Kerk en Wereld: Roermond en Heimond in de lange negentiende eeuw (Himversum: Uitgeverij Verloren).
Wolffram, Dierk Jan (1993) Bezwaarden en verlichten: Verzuiling in een Gelderse provinciestad. Harderwijk 1850–1925 (Amsterdam: Het Spinhuis).
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2011 Marc Frey
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Frey, M. (2011). Dutch Elites and Decolonization. In: Dülffer, J., Frey, M. (eds) Elites and Decolonization in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230306486_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230306486_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-31857-5
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-30648-6
eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)