Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies ((RCS))

  • 136 Accesses

Abstract

After 54 years of trying to settle the Sri Lankan conflict the Norwegianmediated ceasefire of 2002 presented an opportunity to begin constructive peace negotiations. This peace process would need to address genuine Tamil grievances: legislation that discriminates against Tamils, Indian Tamil citizenship, the Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA), and Sinhala domination of the police and armed forces. It would also need to build trust between the state and the minorities. A new peace process would have to accommodate spoilers, which include the political opposition, radical members of the Sangha, the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) and the Liberation Tigers of the Tamil Eelam (LTTE), and overcome the asymmetry of the Tamils versus the democratically elected government.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Chapter 3 The 2002–2006 Sri Lankan Peace Process

  1. 1 See I. Zartman, Elusive Peace: Negotiating an End to Civil Wars (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institute, 1995).

    Google Scholar 

  2. 3 A. Bullion, ‘Norway and the peace process in Sri Lanka’, Civil Wars, Vol. 4, No. 3. (2001) p. 77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. 8 S. Samarasinghe, ‘Sri Lanka: Economy’, in J. O’Brien (ed.) South Asia 2007 (fourth edition) (London: Routledge, 2006) p. 510.

    Google Scholar 

  4. 10 P. Chalk, ‘The Liberation Tigers of the Tamil Eelam Insurgency’, in R. Ganguly and I. Macduff (eds) Ethnic Conflict and Secessionism in South and Southeast Asia: Causes, Dynamics, Solutions (London: Sage, 2003) pp. 140–150.

    Google Scholar 

  5. 13 J. Uyangoda, ‘Peace in Sri Lanka: Prospects after Prabhakaran’s media conference’, in J. Uyangoda and M. Perera (eds) Sri Lanka’s Peace Process 2002 (Colombo: Social Scientists Association, 2003) pp. 19–24. These three points were identified during the Thimpu Talks during the 1980s; a precursor to the Indo-Sri Lankan Peace Accord.

    Google Scholar 

  6. 14 R. Ganguly, ‘Sri Lanka’s ethnic conflict: At a crossroads between war and peace’, Third World Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 5 (2004) p. 909.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. 23 J. Uyangoda, ‘Negotiations for dialogue’, in J. Uyangoda and M. Perera (eds) Sri Lanka’s Peace Process 2002 (Colombo: Social Scientists Association, 2003) p. 64.

    Google Scholar 

  8. 37 The Sunday Observer (Colombo), ‘JVP goes East for awakening’, 5 September 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  9. 39 A. Ofstad, ‘Countries in violent conflict and aid strategies: The case of Sri Lanka’, World Development, Vol. 30, No. 2 (2002) p. 165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. 54 UNP, ‘UNP manifesto 2001’ (Colombo: UNP, 2001).

    Google Scholar 

  11. 57 Sunday Times (Colombo), ‘Embargo relaxed as truce begins’, 23 December 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  12. 58 S. Bastian, ‘The economics of peace’, in Towards Peace in Sri Lanka, ORF Series on Contemporary South Asia (New Delhi: Observer Research Foundation, 2002) pp. 53–56. Eric Solheim also mentioned business as being a constituent for peace in his opening speech at the beginning of the peace talks.

    Google Scholar 

  13. 62 The Island, ‘Govt. says 173 check points removed’, 11 April 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  14. 63 The Island, ‘More than 40 Black Tigers already in government areas? Intelligence agencies ineffective without powers to arrest LTTE suspects’, 24 March 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  15. 64 N. Krishnan, Sri Lanka Strategy Market Outlook: Peace Dividends and the Road to Riches (Hong Kong: CLSA, 2002) p. 23.

    Google Scholar 

  16. 67 Tokyo Donor Conference, ‘Tokyo declaration on reconstruction and development of Sri Lanka’, 10 June 2003. http://www.peaceinsrilanka.com/insidepages/Internationalsuppoer/TokyoDonor/TokyoDec100603.as, date accessed 8 March 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  17. 69 Consortium of Humanitarian Agencies, ‘Building a foundation for peace and economic growth: Setting national priorities’, paper prepared for the Tokyo Donor Conference (Colombo: CHA, 2003).

    Google Scholar 

  18. 70 P. Saravanamuttu quoted in CPA and Berghof Foundation for Conflict Studies, ‘Peace and development: The road to Tokyo’, 26–27 April 2003, p. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  19. 84 L. Cabral, ‘Poverty reduction strategies and rural productive sectors: What have we learnt, what else do we need to ask’, Natural Resources Perspectives 100 (London: Overseas Development Institute, 2006) p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  20. 85 The World Bank and IMF, ‘Building poverty reduction strategies in developing countries’, 22 September 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  21. 87 The World Bank, ‘Country assistance strategy progress report for the democratic and socialist republic of Sri Lanka’, Report No. 34054-LK, 6 January 2006, p. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  22. 90 UNP, ‘UNP manifesto 2001’ (Colombo: UNP, 2001).

    Google Scholar 

  23. 103 Interview, Former UNP Civil Servant/Advisor, Colombo, Interview, 3 July 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  24. 107 The World Bank, ‘Country assistance strategy progress report for the democratic and socialist republic of Sri Lanka’, Report No. 34054-LK, 6 January 2006, p. 3.

    Google Scholar 

  25. 109 The Independent, ‘Tamil Tigers swap guns for politics as ceasefire holds’, 9 April 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  26. 110 Times of India, ‘Lanka’s highway to northern peninsula opens’, 8 April 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  27. 122 See for example V. Cuthbert, ‘Civil society development versus the peace dividend: International aid in the Wanni’, Disasters, Vol. 29, No. 1 (2005) pp. 38–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. 134 Tokyo Donor Conference, ‘Tokyo declaration on reconstruction and development of Sri Lanka’, 10 June 2003. http://www.peaceinsrilanka.com/inside-pages/Internationalsuppoer/TokyoDonor/TokyoDec100603.asp, date accessed 8 March 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  29. 147 BBC News, ‘Analysis: Politics and the tsunami’, 21 December 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4548832.stm, date accessed 6 November 2005

    Google Scholar 

  30. 148 Daily News (Colombo), ‘No final decision on P-TOMS sans consultations with Maha Nayakas – President’, 11 June 2005. The Sunday Leader (Colombo), ‘Monks ready to cross the line of democracy’, 12 June 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  31. 150 The Sunday Leader, ‘JVP jumps ship as economy plummets’, 19 June 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  32. 152 The World Bank, Sri Lanka and the World Bank: Working for Development Results (Colombo: World Bank, 2005).

    Google Scholar 

  33. 154 The Multilateral Group, Preparing for Transition in Sri Lanka: A Contribution from the Multilateral Group, Draft, 1 June 2004, p. 5. http://www.human-itarianinfo.org/SriLanka/hosting/unsl/english/inpages/publications_resources/doc/preparing_transition_srilanka.pdf, date accessed 20 July 2006.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Copyright information

© 2011 Sarah Holt

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Holt, S. (2011). The 2002–2006 Sri Lankan Peace Process. In: Aid, Peacebuilding and the Resurgence of War. Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230306349_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics