Abstract
Compared to the world’s major countries, the European Union (EU) has consistently ranked among the most attractive to foreign audiences. A poll conducted in 2009 for the BBC World Survey found that of the people in the 21 countries surveyed, all but Turkey had mainly positive views of the EU. By contrast, for example, twice as many countries had mainly negative views of the US. The EU’s relative success in this regard increasingly depends on its ability to speak with one voice in a variety of policy areas, and to deliver on its commitments. Euro-sceptics have long argued that this level of integration is impossible. But it is in the very nature of the EU – with over 50 years of economic, social, and political integration following two devastating world wars – to project an image of being a champion of multilateralism, transnationalism, democracy, and cooperation. The EU is a strong example of diplomacy that has not only sustained international cooperation, but has advanced it beyond most expectations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anderson, M. S. (1993) The Rise of Modern Diplomacy 1450–1919 (London and New York: Longman).
Basker, E. (2006) ‘The Present and Future of Public Diplomacy: A European Perspective’, The 2006 Madrid Conference on Public Diplomacy, Madrid, Spain, 30 November.
Bátora, J. (2005) ‘Does the European Union Transform the Institution of Diplomacy?’ Journal of European Public Policy, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 44–66.
BBC World Service (2009) ‘Views of China and Russia Decline in Global Poll’, http://www.worldpublicopinion.org, last accessed 25 July 2009.
Berman, S. (2001) ‘Review: Ideas, Norms and Culture in Political Analysis’, Comparative Politics, vol. 33, no. 2, p. 237.
Bruter, M. (1999) ‘Diplomacy without a State: the External Delegations of the European Commission’, Journal of European Public Policy, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 183–205.
Council of the European Union (2004) ‘EU Plan of Action on Combating Terrorism’, Document 10010/3/04 (Brussels: Council of the European Union), 11 June.
Council of the European Union (2005) ‘The European Union Strategy for Combating Radicalization and Recruitment to Terrorism’, Document 14781/1/05 (Brussels: Council of the European Union), 24 November.
Cross, M. K. D. (2009) ‘Cooperation by Committee’, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Occasional Paper, February 2010.
Cross, M. K. D. (2008) ‘A European Epistemic Community of Diplomats’, in P. Sharp and G. Wiseman (eds), The Diplomatic Corps as an Institution of International Society (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan).
Cross, M. K. D. (2007a) The European Diplomatic Corps: Diplomats and International Cooperation from Westphalia to Maastricht (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan).
Cross, M. K. D. (2007b) ‘An EU Homeland Security? Sovereignty vs. Supranational Order’, European Security, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 79–97.
Duke, S. W. (2002) ‘Preparing for European Diplomacy?’ Journal of Common Market Studies, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 853–8.
EU Press Release (2004) ‘EU–US: EU Requests WTO to Confirm that there is No Justification for US/Canada to Continue to Apply Sanctions’, IP/04/1345, 8 November.
Gallup Europe and Friends of Europe (2006) ‘EU and US Leaders’ Views on China’, June–July 2006.
Grabbe, H. (2003) ‘A Union of Shifting Coalitions’, Centre for European Reform: Comments & Analysis, Warsaw Business, http://www.cer.org.uk/articles/grabbe_warsawbusiness_02jun03.html.
Haas, P. M. (1992) ‘Introduction: Epistemic Communities and International Policy Coordination’, International Organization, vol. 46, no. 1, p. 3.
Hamilton, K. and Langhorne, R. (1995) The Practice of Diplomacy: Its Evolution,Theory and Administration (London: Routledge).
Howorth, J. (2007) Security and Defence Policy in the European Union (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan).
Kassim, H. and Menon, A. (2003) ‘The Principal–Agent Approach and the Study of the European Union: Promise Unfulfilled?’ Journal of European Public Policy, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 123.
Keukeleire, S. (2003) ‘The European Union as a Diplomatic Actor: Internal, Tradi tional, and Structural Diplomacy’, Diplomacy & Statecraft, vol. 14, no. 3, p. 38.
Lewis, J. (2005) ‘The Janus Face of Brussels: Socialization and Everyday Decision Making in the European Union’, International Organization, vol. 59, pp. 937–71.
Mattingly, G. (1955) Renaissance Diplomacy (London: Butler and Tanner).
Melissen, J. and Heijmans, M. (2009) ‘Consular Affairs and Change in Diplomacy’, International Studies Association Annual Convention, Chicago, IL, 28 February 2007.
Meyer, C. O. (2006) The Quest for a European Strategic Culture: Changing Norms on Security and Defence in the European Union (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan).
Moravcsik, A. and Nicolaidis, K. (1999) ‘Explaining the Treaty of Amsterdam:Interests, Influence and Institutions’, Journal of Common Market Studies, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 59–85.
Nicolson, H. (1969) Diplomacy, 3rd edn (London: Oxford University Press).
Pouliot, V. (2008) ‘The Logic of Practicality: A Theory of Practice of Security Communities’, International Organization, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 257–88.
Rees, W. (2006) Transatlantic-Counter Terrorism Cooperation: The New Perspective (New York: Routledge).
Selin, H. (2005) ‘EU–US Politics and Chemicals Management’, International Studies Association Annual Convention, Honolulu, Hawai’i, 5 March.
Verdun, A. (1999) ‘The Role of the Delors Committee in the Creation of EMU: An Epistemic Community?’ Journal of European Public Policy, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 308–28.
Watson, A. (1982) Diplomacy: The Dialogue between States (London: Eyre Methuen).
Zito, A. (2001) ‘Epistemic Communities, Collective Entrepreneurship and European Integration’, Journal of European Public Policy, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 585–603.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2010 Mai’a K. Davis Cross
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Davis Cross, M.K. (2010). Sustainable Diplomacy in the European Union. In: Constantinou, C.M., Der Derian, J. (eds) Sustainable Diplomacies. Studies in Diplomacy and International Relations. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230297159_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230297159_10
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-31760-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-29715-9
eBook Packages: Palgrave Political & Intern. Studies CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)