Skip to main content

Final Reflections

  • Chapter
Book cover Franchising Globally
  • 317 Accesses

Abstract

This book has attempted to capture some salient issues relevant to international franchising. Among the themes running through the book were internationalization, emerging markets, and franchising entrepreneurship which are worth continued to study. Franchising has been shown in industries as diverse as television programming (Thomas, 2006), healthcare services, technology, and childcare services. This current book has concentrated on the traditional industries employing franchising, notably retailing and hotels, across multiple countries and continents. Future studies should continue to add to the repertoire of industry and country studies that examine franchising in different institutional contexts and industry settings. Good theories of franchising that can explain the use, expansion, and internationalization of franchising should be able to hold true across countries and industries with only limited adjustments. Both resource-based and agency-based theories show promise. Together they may have greater explanatory powers (Castrogiovanni et al 2006). In the following section, I will comment on each of these franchising areas (internationalization, emerging markets and entrepreneurship) noting areas for possible future research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allix-Desfautaux, Catherine (2006). “Franchise Internationale et Marchés Émergents: Un éclairage sur l’Inde,” Décisions Marketing (43/44), 109–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alon, Ilan (1999). The Internationalization of U.S. Franchising Systems. New York: Garland Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alon, Ilan (2004a). “Global Franchising and Development in Emerging and Transitioning Markets,” Journal of Macromarketing 24 (2), 156–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alon, Ilan (2004b). “International Market Selection for a Small Enterprise: A Case Study in International Entrepreneurship,” S.A.M. Advanced Management Journal 69 (1), 25–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alon, Ilan (2005). Service Franchising: A Global Perspective. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alon, Ilan (2006a). “Executive insight: evaluating the market size for service franchising in emerging markets,” International Journal of Emerging Markets 1 (1), 9–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alon, Ilan. (2006b). “Market Conditions Favoring Master International Franchising,” Multinational Business Review 14 (2), 67–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alon, Ilan, and Ke Bian (2005). “Real estate franchising: The case of Coldwell Banker expansion into China,” Business Horizons 48 (3), 223–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alon, Ilan, and Dianne Welsh, Eds. (2001). International Franchising in Emerging Markets: China, India and Other Asian Countries. Chicago IL: CCH Inc. Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alon, Ilan, and Dianne Welsh, Eds. (2003). International Franchising in Industrialized Markets: Western and Northern Europe. Chicago IL: CCH Inc. Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anttonen, Noora, Mika Tuunanen, and Ilan Alon. (2005). “The International Business Environments of Franchising in Russia,” Academy of Marketing Science Review, 1. Retrieved August 20, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 1040274701).

    Google Scholar 

  • Castrogiovanni, Gary J., James G. Combs, and Robert T. Justis (2006). “Resource Scarcity and Agency Theory Predictions Concerning the Continued Use of Franchising in Multi-outlet Networks,” Journal of Small Business Management, 44 (1), 27. Retrieved August 20, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 969304021).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chiou, Jyh-Shen, Chia-Hung Hsieh, and Ching-Hsien Yang (2004). “The Effect of Franchisors’ Communication, Service Assistance, and Competitive Advantage on Franchisees’ Intentions to Remain in the Franchise System,” Journal of Small Business Management 42 (1), 19–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Choo, Stephen (2003). “Valuable Lessons for International Franchisors When Expanding into East Asia,” in International Franchising in Industrialized Markets: North America, Pacific Rim, and Other Countries, Dianne Welsh and Ilan Alon, eds., 249–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choo, Stephen, Tim Mazzarol, and Geoff Soutar (2007). “The selection of international retail franchisees in East Asia,” Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 19 (4), 380–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cochet, O., and V. Garg (2008). “How Do Franchise Contracts Evolve? A Study of Three German SMEs,” Journal of Small Business Management 46 (1), 134–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dant, R., R. Perrigot, and G. Cliquet (2008). “A Cross-Cultural Comparison of the Plural Forms in Franchise Networks: United States, France, and Brazil,” Journal of Small Business Management 46 (2), 286–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doherty, Anne Marie (2007). “The internationalization of retailing: Factors influencing the choice of franchising as a market entry strategy,” International Journal of Service Industry Management 18 (2), 184–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Etemad, Hamid (2004). “International Entrepreneurship as a Dynamic Adaptive System: Towards a Grounded Theory,” Journal of International Entrepreneurship: Special Issue on International Entrepreneurship in a Dynamic Complex Open Adaptive System 2 (1–2), 5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Etemad, H. (2005). SMEs’ “Internationalization Strategies Based on a Typical Subsidiary’s Evolutionary Life Cycle in Three Distinct Stages,” Management International Review: Special Issue (3/2005) 45 (3), 145–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frazer, Lorelle (2003). “Exporting Retail Franchises to China,” Journal of Asia Pacific Marketing 2 (1), 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garg, Vinay Kumar (2005). “An Integrative Approach to Franchisor Strategy in Large Chains,” Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship 10 (2), 58–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garg, Vinay K., and Abdul A. Rasheed (2006). “An Explanation of International Franchisors’ Preference for Multi-unit Franchising,” International Journal of Entrepreneurship 10, 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grünhagen, Marko, Carl L. Witte, and Susie Pryor (2009), “Impacts of U.S.-based Franchising in the Developing World: A Middle-Eastern Consumer Perspective,” Journal of Consumer Behaviour.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman, R. C., and J. Preble (2004). Global Franchising: Current Status and Future Challenges. Journal of Services Marketing 18(2), 101–113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hutchinson, Karise, Barry Quinn, and Nicholas Alexander (2006). “SME retailer internationalisation: case study evidence from British retailers,” International Marketing Review 23 (1), 25–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Juste, Victoria Bordonaba, Laura Lucia-Palacios, and Yolanda Polo-Redondo (2009). “Franchise firm entry time influence on long-term survival.” International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 37 (2), 106–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee (2008). http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/188641880_2.html, http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1–188641880.html

  • Paswan, Audhesh K., and Dheeraj Sharma (2004). “Brand-country of origin (COO) knowledge and COO image: investigation in an emerging franchise market.” The Journal of Product and Brand Management 13 (2/3), 144–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perrigot, Rozenn, G. Cliquet, and R. Dant (2008). http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstractid=1113935

    Google Scholar 

  • Perrigot, Rozenn (2006). “Services vs retail chains: are there any differences: Evidence from the French franchising industry,” International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 34 (12), 918–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Picot-Coupey, Karine, and Gérard Cliquet (2004). “Internationalisation des Distributeurs dans les Pays en Transition d’Europe de l’Est: quelles Perspectives pour le Choix de la Franchise comme Mode d’Entrée?” Revue Française du Marketing 198 (3/5), 19–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pizanti, Inbar, and Miri Lerner (2003). “Examining control and autonomy in the franchisor-franchisee relationship,” International Small Business Journal 21 (2), 131. Retrieved August 20, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 351530421).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raven, Peter, and Dianne H.B. Welsh (2004). “An exploratory study of influences on retail service quality: A focus on Kuwait and Lebanon,” The Journal of Services Marketing 18 (2/3), 198–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roh and Yoon (2009). http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mcb/041/2009/00000021/00000001/art00006

  • Runyan, R., and C. Droge (2008). “A categorization of small retailer research streams: What does it portend for future research?” Journal of Retailing 84 (1), 77–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, Amos Owen (2006). “Cultural economics of TV programme cloning: or why India has produced multi-‘millionaires.’” International Journal of Emerging Markets 1 (1), 35–47. Retrieved August 20, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 1139556141).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Copyright information

© 2010 Ilan Alon

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Alon, I. (2010). Final Reflections. In: Franchising Globally. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230289857_14

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics