Abstract
The county of Devon in southwestern England is the home of provincial hunting par excellence. Still largely agricultural, Devon lies between two coasts and two great moors, the National Parks of Exmoor and Dartmoor. Since 1995, the National Parks of Britain have been attempting ‘conservation and enhancement’ of cultural as well as natural ‘heritage’ within their boundaries.1 Equivocating about what may or may not constitute ‘a genuine Dartmoor tradition’, the Dartmoor National Park Authority have recently hazarded the example of ‘common land management with its ancient origins, pony drifts, hunting and field sports’.2
Devonshire is certainly the worst hunting country I ever was in; yet, strange to say, there are more hounds kept in it than in any other three counties in England. Independent of the established packs of stag and fox-hounds (of which there are one of the former, and four of the latter), nearly half of the resident gentlemen, and the greater part of the yeomanry, keep what they call ‘a cry of dogs;’ and a friend of mine, who resides among them, told me he had hunted with seventy-two packs!
Charles James Apperley, Nimrod’s Hunting Tours (1835)
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Notes
Marion Shoard, ‘The Lure of the Moors’, in John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess, eds, Valued Environments (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1982), pp. 55–73; this passage p. 58.
Helen Read, in Veteran Trees: A Guide to Good Management (Peterborough: English Nature, 2000), defines veterans as ‘trees of interest biologically, aesthetically or culturally because of their age; trees in the ancient stage of their life; trees that are old relative to others of their species’ (p. 13). The Woodland Trust’s ‘Position Statement 12. Ancient Woodland’ (October 1999) specifies that in England and Wales ‘ancient woods are those where there has been continuous woodland cover since at least AD 1600. Before this planting was uncommon, so a wood present in AD 1600 was likely to have developed naturally’ (p. 1). In Scotland ancient woods are dated from AD 1750 because of a scarcity of accurate earlier maps.
Baring-Gould, A Book of Dartmoor (London: Methuen, 1900), p. 223.
Stephen H. Woods, Dartmoor Stone (Exeter: Devon Books, 1988), p. 83.
The late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries ‘were truly the heyday of the Dartmoor tinning industry, which reached its peak production of 252 tons in the year 1524’; Helen Harris, The Industrial Archaeology of Dartmoor (1968; Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1972), pp. 19, 37–66.
As with mountains, so also with moorland; lingering traces of fear remained part of the attraction of landscapes of ‘delightful horror’; Simon Schama, Landscape and Memory (New York: Vintage, 1996), pp. 447–513.
McGann, ‘Conclusion: Starting from Death: The Poetry of Ann Batten Cristall’, The Poetics of Sensibility: A Revolution in Literary Style (Oxford: Clarendon, 1996), pp. 195–206; this passage p. 203.
Without the spell of the hunt to provide symbolic compensation, farmers revert to economic self-interest, just like everybody else, and either shoot species regarded as agricultural pests or fail to protect them. Deer must be tolerated and fed, hares must be saved from combine harvesters and hay-cutting machines. Because hares have their young above ground, ‘Mechanization on the farm struck the hare much more severely than the rabbit which had its young beneath ground’; John Sheail, Rabbits and Their History (Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1971), pp. 29–30. 58. In The Nature of Dartmoor: A Biodiversity Profile (Bovey Tracey: English Nature and Dartmoor National Park Authority, 1997), some ‘key species for conservation attention’ are the otter, dormouse, greater horseshoe bat, red grouse, golden plover, skylark, ring ouzel, salmon, blind freshwater shrimp, high brown fritillary, heather, wild daffodil and string-of-sausages lichen. Species were included on the grounds of being ‘endemic to the UK’, or ‘threatened’ or ‘declining’ in Great Britain or ‘on a global or European scale’, or ‘highly characteristic of Dartmoor’ and ‘popular with the general public’, p. 12.
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© 2001 Donna Landry
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Landry, D. (2001). Dartmoor Visible. In: The Invention of the Countryside. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230287570_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230287570_12
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