Abstract
Amidst the first post-Armistice spring of May 1919, a funeral procession made its way through crowded London streets towards a service at Westminster Abbey. Months before, in liaison with the British Foreign Office, the Belgian government had exhumed the corpse of Edith Cavell from a makeshift grave in the grounds of Brussels’s ‘national shooting ground’, the Tir National. The British Legation in Brussels wrote to Cavell’s sister Lilian Wainwright assuring her that the corpse had been identified ‘beyond doubt’ by two men in authority who had known Cavell by sight, and reassured her that ‘The features which bear a perfectly calm expression have not suffered decomposition.’1 Was saintly preservation at work? By this time, Cavell was widely exalted as a martyr of the Great War.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Notes
A. A. Hoehling, Edith Cavell (London: Cassell), p. 17.
K. Pickles, Female Imperialism and National Identity: Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire (Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 2002), p. 47. See also K. Pickles, ‘Edith Cavell — Heroine: no hatred or bitterness for anyone?’, History Now, 3, 2 (1997) 1–8.
P. A. Buckner and C. Bridge, ‘Reinventing the British World’, Round Table, 368 (2003), 77–88, 77.
See M. Warner, Monuments and Maidens: The Allegory of the Female Form (London: Vintage, 1985).
For anomalous Canadian women who were commemorated see C. M. Coates and C. Morgan, Heroines and History: Representations ofMadeleine de Vercheres and Laura Secord (Toronto, Buffalo and London: University of Toronto Press, 2002).
J. Bethke Elshtain, Women and War (New York: Basic Books Inc., 1987).
G. Lloyd, ‘Selfhood, war and masculinity’, in C. Pateman and E. Gross (eds) Feminist Challenges: Social and Political Theory (Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press, 1986), pp. 63–76, p. 76. See International History Review, 19, 1 (1997), Special issue on Gender and War in the Twentieth Century.
A. Fraser, The Warrior Queens (London: Penguin, 1990), p. 305.
N. Yuval-Davis, Gender and Nation (London, Thousand Oaks, and New Delhi: Sage, 1997), especially chapter 5 ‘Gendered Militaries, Gendered Wars’, pp. 93–115.
G. Greer, ‘Soldiers’ in The Whole Woman (London: Doubleday, 1999), pp. 162–170, p. 163.
C. Enloe, Does Khaki Become You?: The Militarization of Women’s Lives (London, Boston, Sydney, Wellington: Pandora, 1983, 1988), p. 13. See also C. Enloe, Manoeuvres: The International Politics of Militarizing Women’s Lives (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 2000), C. Enloe, Bananas, Beaches and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of International Politics (Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1989) and C. Enloe, The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the End o f the Cold War (Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 1993).
P. Summerfield, Women Workers in World War II: Production and Patriarchy in Conflict (London and New York: Routledge, 1989), R. Roach Pierson, They’re Still Women A fter All (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1986), A. Woollacott, On Her Their Lives Depend: Munitions Workers in the Great War (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994), and D. Montgomerie, The Women’s War: New Zealand Women 1939–45 (Auckland: Auckland University Press, 2001).
S. MacDonald, P. Holden and S. Ardener (eds) Images of Women in Peace and War: Cross Cultural and Historical Perspectives (London: Macmillan, 1987), M. R. Higonnet et al., Behind the Lines: Gender and the Two World Wars (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1987), C. M. Tylee, The Great War and Women’s Consciousness: Images ofMilitarism and Womanhood in Women’s Writings, 1914–1964 (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1990), and H. M. Cooper et al. (eds) Arms and the Woman: War, Gender, and Literary Representation (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989).
A. Thompson, ANZAC Memories: Living with the Legend (Melbourne Oxford University Press, 1994), p. 9.
J. Duncan and D. Cosgrove (eds) ‘Colonialism and Postcolonialism in the Former British Empire’, Ecumene 2: 2 (1995), pp. 127–128, D. Cosgrove and S. Daniels, The Iconography o f Landscape: Essays on the symbolic representation, design and use of past environments (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988), D. W. Meinig and J. B. Jackson, The Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes: Geographical essays (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1979).
S. Schama, Landscape and Memory (New York: Vintage Books, 1995), p. 9.
N. Yuval-Davis, Gender and Nation (London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage, 1997), p. 1.
C. Enloe, The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the End of the Cold War, (Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 1993), p. 231.
A. L. Stoler, Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: Race and the Intimate in Colonial Rule (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002) and A. L. Stoler, Race and the Education o f Desire: Foucault’s History o f Sexuality and the Colonial Order of Things (Durham: Duke University Press, 1995).
F. Cooper and A. L. Stoler (eds) Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997).
C. Hall, Civilizing Subjects: Metropole and Colony in the English Imagination 1830–1867 (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2002), p. 8.
L. Colley, ‘The Significance of the Frontier in British History’, (Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center: The University of Texas at Austin, 1995), p. 8.
F. Driver and D. Gilbert (eds) Imperial Cities: Landscape, Display and Identity (Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1999).
R. Pesman, Duty Free: Australian Women Abroad (Melbourne and New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), A. Burton, At the Heart o f Empire: Indians and the Colonial Encounter in Late-Victorian Britain (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 1998), A. Woollacott, To Try Her Fortune in London: Australian Women, Colonialism And Modernity (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001).
G. Whitlock, The Intimate Empire: Reading Women’s Autobiography (London: Cassell, 2000), p. 41.
D. Chakrabarty, Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2000), p. 7.
But see on-going work such as J. Eddy and D. Schreuder (eds) The Rise of Colonial Nationalism: Australia, New Zealand, Canada and South Africa First Assert Their Nationalities 1880–1914 (Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1988), C. Berger, The Sense of Power: Studies in the Ideas of Canadian Imperialism, 1867–1914 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1970), W. D. McIntyre, The Commonwealth of Nations: Origins and Impact, 1869–1971 (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1977), and P. Buckner, ‘Whatever Happened to the British Empire?’, Journal o f the Canadian Historical Association, 4 (1994), 2–32.
S. Slemon ‘Unsettling the Empire: Resistance Theory for the Second World’, in P. Mongia (ed) Postcolonial Theory: A Reader (London and New York: Arnold, 1996), pp. 72–83.
H. K. Bhabha, ‘Of Mimicry and Man: The ambivalence of colonial discourse’, in The Location of Culture (London and New York: Routledge, 1994), pp. 85–92.
B. Ashcroft, Post-Colonial Transformation, (London and New York: Routledge, 2001), p. 93.
D. Cannadine, Ornamentalism: How the British Saw Their Empire (Penguin: London, 2001), p. 10, p. xix.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2007 Katie Pickles
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pickles, K. (2007). Introduction. In: Transnational Outrage. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230286085_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230286085_1
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-54053-2
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-28608-5
eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)