Abstract
The Japanese claim that their empire was founded by the first Emperor Jinmu Tennō, 660 b.c., and that the dynasty founded by him still reigns. From 1186 until 1867 the emperors remained in a spiritual seclusion while successive families of Shoguns exercised the temporal power on their behalf. In 1867 the Emperor Meiji recovered the plenitude of the imperial power after the abdication on 14 October, 1867, of the fifteenth and last Tokugawa Shogun Keiki, known historically as Yoshinobu. In 1871 the feudal system (Höken Seiji) was suppressed, marking the ascendancy of the upper middle classes led by the trading families. The Emperor bears title of Dai Nippon Teikoku Tennō (‘Imperial Son of Heaven of Great Japan’). Only foreigners make use of the poetical title ‘Mikado.’
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Books of Reference
Books of Reference concerning Japan: 1. Official Publications
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Steinberg, S.H. (1947). Japan. In: Steinberg, S.H. (eds) The Statesman’s Year-Book. The Statesman’s Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230270763_45
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