Abstract
Finland is a Republic according to the Constitutional Law of July 17, 1919. From 1809 Finland was united to the Russian Empire as an autonomous Grand-Duchy. On December 6, 1917, the House of Representatives unanimously proclaimed Finland an independent and sovereign State, and she has been recognised as such by the Powers. According to the Constitutional Law of 1906, the House of Representatives consists of one Chamber of 200 members chosen by direct and proportional election, in which all who are entitled to vote have an equal vote. The suffrage is possessed, with the usual exceptions, by every Kinnish citizen (man or woman) who has reached his or her 24th year. There are 16 electoral districts with a representation proportioned to the population, a rearrangement being required every 10 years. Each district is divided into voting circuits. The voting system, devised with a view to proportional representation, provides for the formation of voters’ associations which prepare lists of candidates, the votes for whom are in a falling scale according to the order in which the voter has placed them on the list voted for. There may, within limits, be compacts between associations, and joint candidates may be entered in competing lists, while any voter may either support an association list or vote for any candidate he pleases. Every citizen entitled to vote is eligible to the House of Representatives, which is elected for 3 years.
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Books of Reference concerning Finland
1. Official Publications
Annuaire Statistique de Finlande, Edited by the Central Statistical Office. Annual (first year, 1879). Helsinki.
Suomen Valtiokalenteri (State Calendar of Finland). Annual. Helsinki.
La Constitution de la Finlande. Helsinki, 1920.
Statistique officielle de Finlande: Annual and monthly publications of the different Government departments.
The Development of Finnish-Soviet Relations during tbe Autumn of 1939. Including the Official Documents. For the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. London, 1940.
Commercial and Financial Reports of the Department of Overseas Trade. Annual. London.
Documents sur les relations finno-soviétiques, automne 1939. Helsinki, 1940.
2. Non-Official Publications
Atlas of Finland, 1925, issued by an Editorial Committee Tinder the direction of the Geographical Society of Finland. Helsinki, 1929.
Les Frontières de Finlande (Fennia 42, Bulletin de la Société Geographique de Finlande). Helsinki, 1921.
Anglo-Finnish Year Book, 1936. London, 1936.
The Finland Year Book, 1936. Helsinki, 1936.
Finland, A practical Guide-Book published by the Finnish Tourist Association. Helsinki, 1931.
East Carelia. A survey of the country and its population, and a review of the Carelian question. Helsinki, 1934.
The Northern Countries in World Economy. Helsinki. 1937.
Adorjan (André), La Finlande, rempart de l’Europe. Paris. 1940.
Atchley (T. W.), Finland. London, 1931.
Baedeker’s Schweden und Finnland. 4th ed. Leipzig, 1929.
Bugbee (W. N.), The Spirit of Finland, Syracuse, 1940.
Chambon (H. de). Aspects de la Finlande. Paris, 1939.
Cleef (E. van), Finland.
—The Republic Farthest North. Columbus, 1929.
Cook (T.), Guide to Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland. 17th ed. London, 1939.
Gilmour (Kay), Finland. London, 1931.
Graham (M. W.), The Diplomatic Recognition of the Border States. Part I: Finland, Berkeley (U.S.A.), 1936.
Granö (J. G.), Die Geographischen Gebiete Finnlands. Ein vergleichende Übersicht nebst methodischen Erörterungen. Helsinki, 1931.
Hannula (J. U.), La Guerre d’Indépendence de Finlande, 1918. Paris, 1938.
Hiley (W. E.), The Forest Industry of Finland. London, 1928.
Homén (Th.), East Carelia and Kola Lapmark. Helsinki, 1921.
Jackson (J. H.), Finland. 2nd ed. London, 1939.
Koskenniemi (V. A.), Picturesque Finland. Helsinki, 1926.
Kuusi (E.), L’oevre du protection sociale en Finlande. Helsinki, 1928.
Leiviska (Iivari) and Levamaki (Lauri) (editors), Guide to Finland. Helsinki, 1938.
Migliorini (E.), Finlandia e Stati Baltici. Rome, 1937.
Numelin (R.), Some Aspects of the Geography of Finland. Helsinki, 1935.
Odhe (T.), Finland: A Nation of Co-operators. London, 1931.
Perret (J. L.), La Finlande. Pari3, 1931.
—Portrait de la Finlande. Paris, 1937.
—La Finlande en guerre. Paris, 1940.
Rothery (Agnes), Finland; The New Nation. London, 1936.
Schybergson (M. G.), Politische Geschichte Finnlands, 1809–1919. Stuttgart, 1925.
Scott (A. M.), Suomi, the Land of the Finns. London, 1926.
Stoye (J.), Finnland : Junger Staat im. Aufstieg. Leipzig, 1939.
Stünzner (Otto), Finnland, eine Samlung von Aufsätzen, Streiflichten auf Volk und Wirtschaft. Frankfurt 1921.
Tanner (V.), Die Oberflächengestaltung Finnlands: eine übersichtliche Darstellung der Morphographie und Morphologie sowie der Morphogenie in chronologischer Beziehung. Helsinki, 1938.
Ullmann (S. de), The Epic of the Finnish Nation. London, 1940.
Wuorinen (J. H.), Nationalism in Modern Finland. New York, 1931.
Young (E.), Finland: The Land of a Thousand Lakes. London, 1912.
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© 1942 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Epstein, M. (1942). Finland. In: Epstein, M. (eds) The Statesman’s Year-Book. The Statesman’s Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230270718_31
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230270718_31
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