Abstract
The Republic of Peru, formerly the most important of the Spanish Viceroyalties in South America, issued its declaration of independence July 28, 1821; but it was not till after a war, protraoted till 1824, that the country gained its actual freedom from Spanish rule. The Republic is politically divided into departments, and the departments into provinces. According to the Constitution proclaimed on November 10,1860, the legislative power is vested in a Senate (52 members) and a House of Representatives, (116 members) the latter composed of deputies of the provinces, in the proportion of one for every 30,000 inhabitants or fraction exceeding 15,000 and the former of representatives in the proportion of four senators for each department which has more than eight provinces; three for each department which has less than eight provinces and more than four; two for each department which has less than five and more than one; one for a department having only one province; and one for the littoral province of Callao. Senators must have an income of 1,000 soles (100l.) a year or belong to a scientific profession; and deputies 500 soles (50l.) a year, or belong to a scientific profession. Both senators and deputies are elected by a direct vote. Every two years one-third of the members of each chamber, as decided by lot, retire. Congress meets annually on July 28, and sits for 90 days only. It may be summoned as often as necessary, but no extraordinary session may last more than 45 days.
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Statistical and other Books of Reference Concerning Fern
1. Official Publications
The publications of the various Government Departments.
Reports on the Trade of Peru in Foreign Office Reports, Annual Series. London.
2. Non-Official Publications
Boletin de la Sociedad Geográflca de Lima. Half-yearly. Lima.—Boletiu del Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Minas del Peru. Lima
Ciment (C. B.), and Garcia (R. E.), El Peru en Europa. Lima, 1900.—Geografia Comercial de la America del Sur. 3 vols. Lima.—Guiadel Callao, Lima y sus Alrededores. Lima, 1898.—Monografía del Departamento de la Libertad. Lima, 1900.—Monografia geográflca, Estadística del Departamento de Lima. [The same authors, together or separately, have published several other works on the commerce, products, and industries of Peru.]
Enock (R. C), The Andes and the Amazon: Life and Travel in Peru. London, 1907.—Peru. London, 1908.
Garcia Calderon (P.), Le Pérou Contemporain. Paris, 1907.
Garland (A.), Peru in 1906. Lima, 1907.
Haënke (T.), Descripcion del Peru. Lima, 1901.
Higginson (E.), Mines and Mining in Peru. Lima, 1903.
Hutchinson (T. J.), Two Years in Peru. 2 vols. London, 1874.
Laos (R.), A Handbook of Peru for Investors and Immigrants. Baltimore, 1908.
Markham (C. R.), Travels in Peru and India. London, 1862.—Cuzco and Lima. London, 1858.—Peru. London, 1881.—The War between Peru and Chili, 1879–81. London, 1883.—History of Peru. Chicago.
Martin (P.), Peru of the Twentieth Century. Lonrlon, 1911.
Maurtna (V. M.), The Question of the Pacific [on boundary disputes]. Philadelphia, 1901 Mendiburu (M. de), Diccionario Historico-Biografico del Peru, 8 vols. Callao, 1874–1890.
Middendorf (E. W.), Peru: Beobachtungen und Studien über Das Land und Seine Bewohnern, während eines 25 Jahrigen Aufenthalts. Berlin, 1893.
Paz Soldan (Mariano Felipe), Historia del Perú Independente. 3 vols. 1868 et seqq.—Diccionario Geográfico Estadéstico del Peru. 1877.
Plane (A.), A travers l’Amérique Equatoriale. Paris, 1903.
Prescott (W. H.), History of the Conquest of Peru. London.
Raimondi (A.), El Peru: Estndios Mineralogicos, &c. 4 vols. 1890–1902. Lima.
René-Moreno (G.), Ultimos Dins Coloniales en el Alto Peru, 1807–1808. Santiago de Chile, 1896–98.
Seebee (F.), Travelling Impressions in and Notes on Peru. 2nd ed. London, 1905.
Sqw’er(E. Or.), Peru: Incidents of Travels and Exploration in the Land of the Incas. London, 1877.
Stevenson ( —), Twenty Years in South America 3 vols. London.
Tschudi (Joh. Jakob von), Reisen durch Südamerika. 5 vols. Leipzig, 1866–68.
Wiener (Charles), Pérou et Bolivie. Paris, 1880.
Wright (Marie Robinson), The Old and New Peru. Philadelphia and London, 1909.
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© 1912 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Keltie, J.S. (1912). Peru. In: Keltie, J.S. (eds) The Statesman’s Year-Book. The Statesman’s Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230270411_46
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230270411_46
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