Abstract
The migration of peoples to different areas of the world has been important in the development of civilizations throughout history. Movements of people were not only crucial to survival, but also led to the development of new societies, and the dispersion of technologies and cultures.1 Since the development of the nation-states system, migration has taken on new significance. From the forced labour migration of slavery and colonialism to non-coercive labour migrations, the movement of populations as a result of war, and so on, migration has gone hand in hand with the development of contemporary nation-states. As Weiner describes it, the most distinctive feature of the various waves of migration of previous centuries ‘is that they changed the social structures, and especially the ethnic compositions, of both sending and receiving countries’.2 The movement of new peoples and cultures not only added to the productivity of states, it also led to new cultural dynamics, and resulting social structures; ‘in short, migrants create states, and states create migrants’.3
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Notes
William H. McNeill, ‘Human Migration: A Historical Overview’, in William McNeill and Ruth S. Adams (eds), Human Migration: Patterns and Policies (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1978), 3.
Stephen Castles, and Mark J. Miller, The Age of Migration: International Population Movements in the Modern World, 2nd ed. (London: Macmillan, 1998), ch. 5.
Buzan, Waever and Wilde, Security; Jef Huysmans, The Politics of Insecurity: Fear, Migration and Asylum in the EU (London: Routledge, 2006).
James F. Hollifield, ‘The Emerging Migration State’, International Migration Review Vol. 38, No. 3 (2004): 887.
Fiona B. Adamson, ‘Crossing Borders: International Migration and National Security’, International Security Vol. 31, No. 1 (2006): 165–99;
Peter Andreas, ‘Redrawing the Line: Borders and Security in the Twenty-first Century’, International Security Vol. 28, No. 2 (2003): 78–111; Huysmans, Politics of Insecurity; Rudolph, ‘Security and International Migration’.
Robin Cohen, ‘Diasporas, the Nation-State, and Globalisation’, in Wang Gungwu (ed.), Global History and Migrations (Boulder, CO: Westview, 1997), 117.
Douglas T. Gurak and Fe Caces, ‘Migration Networks and the Shaping of Migration Systems’, in Mary M. Kritz, Lin Lean Lim, Hania Zlotnik (eds), International Migration Systems: A Global Approach (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992), 151.
For more details see OECD, International Migration Outlook (Paris: OECD, 2006), 42.
Russell King, ‘Migrations, Globalization and Place’, in Doreen Massey and Pat Jess (eds), A Place in the World?: Places, Culture and Globalization (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), 24.
See the analysis in OECD, Trends in International Migration (Paris: OECD, 1999), 24.
Giovanna Campani, ‘Women Migrants: From Marginal Subjects to Social Actors’, in Robin Cohen, ed., Cambridge Survey of World Migration (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), 546.
Monica Boyd, ‘Family and Personal Networks in Migration’, International Migration Review Vol. 23, No. 3 (1989): 641.
Helen Pellerin, ‘Global Restructuring in the World Economy and Migration’, International Journal Vol. 48, No. 2 (1993): 251.
See generally, Peter Andreas and Thomas J. Biersteker (eds), The Rebordering of North America: Integration and Exclusion in a New Security Context (New York: Routledge, 2003); Huysmans, Politics of Insecurity; Rudolph, ‘Security and International Migration’; Tirman, Maze of Fear.
Ulrich K. Preuss, ‘Migration: A Challenge to Modern Citizenship’, Constellations Vol. 4, No. 3 (1998): 312–14.
Bart van Steenbergen, ‘The Condition of Citizenship’, in Bart van Steenbergen (ed.), The Condition of Citizenship, (London: Sage, 1994), 4.
John Urry, ‘Mediating Global Citizenship’, iichiko intercultural Vol. 11 (June 1999): 1.
David Held, ‘Democracy and the Global System’, in David Held (ed.), Political Theory Today (Cambridge: Polity, 1991), 204.
Y. N. Soysal, The Limits of Citizenship: Migrants and Postnational Membership in Europe (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 3.
Linda S. Bosniak, ‘Human Rights, State Sovereignty and the Protection of Undocumented Migrants under the International Migrant Workers Convention’, International Migration Review Vol. 25, No. 4 (1992): 740–1.
Roxanne Lynn Doty, ‘The Double-Writing of Statecraft: Exploring State Responses to Illegal Immigration’, Alternatives Vol. 21 (1996): 171–89.
Robin Cohen, ‘Policing the Frontiers: The State and the Migrant in the International Division of Labour’, in Jeffery Henderson and Manuel Castells (eds), Global Restructuring and Territorial Development (London: Sage, 1987), 90.
Jef Huysmans, ‘The European Union and the Securitization of Migration’, Journal of Common Market Studies Vol. 38, No. 5 (2000): 751–77.
Mark J. Miller, ‘Illegal Immigration’, in Robin Cohen, ed., The Cambridge Survey of World Migration (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995) 537; also see Bosniak, ‘Human Rights’, 744.
Demetrios Papademetriou, ‘International Migration in a Changing World’, in C. W. Stahl (ed.), International Migration Today: Volume 2: Emerging Issues (Paris: UNESCO, 1988), 239.
Hollifield, ‘Migration State’; Robert A. Pastor, ‘North America’s Second Decade’, Foreign Affairs Vol. 83, No. 1 (2004): 124–35.
Nikolas Rose, ‘The Death of the Social?: Refiguring the Territory of Government’, Economy and Society Vol. 25, No. 3 (1996): 345. Quoted in: Urry, ‘Mediating Global Citizenship’, 2.
John Gerard Ruggie, ‘At Home Abroad, Abroad at Home: International Liberalisation and Domestic Stability in the New World Economy’, Millennium Vol. 24, No. 3 (1995): 524.
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© 2009 Bryan Mabee
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Mabee, B. (2009). Global Migration, Security and Citizenship. In: The Globalization of Security. New Security Challenges Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230234123_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230234123_6
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