Abstract
This chapter will:
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survey ‘aptitude’, ‘the good language learner’, ‘learning styles and strategies’, ‘learner training’ and ‘attitude and motivation’ to see how the traditions and concerns in these areas of learner variables research imply particular views of the learner;
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discuss how such views relate to our Five Propositions;
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show that there are some encouraging signs of a greater acceptance of the highly complex and essentially social nature of classroom language learning;
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conclude, however, that the field has disappointed us, because of its focus on categorising and classifying people.
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Further reading
On individual differences in general
Gardner, R. C. 1997 Individual Differences and Second Language Learning. In G.R. Tucker and D. Corson (eds), Encyclopedia of Language and Education: Volume 4, Second Language Education. Dordrecht, Kluwer: 33–42. A comprehensive survey of the field of individual differences, from a major contributor to research on the topic.
Skehan, P. 1989 Individual Differences in Second-language Learning. London, Edward Arnold. Nearly twenty years on this is still a valuable book-length survey of the whole field of individual differences, with a very useful introduction.
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© 2009 Dick Allwright and Judith Hanks
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Allwright, D., Hanks, J. (2009). Learner Variables and the Learner. In: The Developing Language Learner. Research and Practice in Applied Linguistics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230233690_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230233690_6
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4039-8532-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-23369-0
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