Abstract
It was between the First and Second World Wars that the concept of marketing first started to emerge as a business practice. This was largely with consumer goods companies such as Procter & Gamble and Lever Brothers, although the early contribution of General Motors under the guidance of Alfred Sloan also demonstrated early good marketing practice. Within these organizations, tools and techniques such as branding and product management were emerging and developing as routine business activities. Consistent with this, disposable income amongst consumers was increasing, and perhaps for the first time large numbers of people were able to buy not just what they needed, but what they wanted as well.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ayres, R. U. (2004), ‘On the life cycle metaphor: where ecology and economics diverge,’ Ecological Economics, 48(4): 425–38.
Beverland, M. and A. Lindgreen (2004), ‘Relationship use and market dynamism: a model of relationship evolution,’ Journal of Marketing Management, 20(7–8): 825–58.
Dhalla, N. K. and S. Yuspeh (1976), ‘Forget the product life cycle concept,’ Harvard Business Review, 54, January–February: 102–12.
Levitt, T. (1965), ‘Exploit the product life cycle,’ Harvard Business Review, 43, November–December: 81–94.
Penrose, E. T. (1952), ‘Biological analogies in the theory of the firm,’ American Economic Review, 42: 804–19.
Rink, D. R. and J. E. Swan (1979), ‘Product life cycle research: a literature review,’ Journal of Business Research, 7(3): 219–42.
Further reading
Avlonitis, G. J. (1985), ‘Product elimination decision making: does formality matter?’ Journal of Marketing, 49(1): 41–52.
Berenson, C. and I. Mohr-Jackson (1994), ‘Product rejuvenation: a less risky alternative to product innovation,’ Business Horizons, 37(6): 51–7.
Berkowitz, K. and H. Rudelius (1986), ‘Managing the product, times,’ Marketing, Mosly College Publishing: 253–81.
Lambkin, M. and G. Day (1984), ‘Evolutionary processes in competitive markets: beyond the product life cycle,’ Journal of Marketing, 53, July: 4–20.
Shipley, D. (1998), ‘Marketing strategies for growth, maturity and decline,’ in C. Egan and M. J. Thomas (eds), The CIM Handbook of Strategic Marketing: a Practical Guide for Designing and Implementing Effective Marketing Strategies, Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, pp. 48–60.
Wind, Y. and J. Claycamp (1976), ‘Planning product line strategy: a matrix approach,’ Journal of Marketing, 40(1): 2–9.
Wood, L. (1990), ‘The end of the product life cycle? Education says goodbye to an old friend,’ Journal of Marketing Management, 6(2): 145–55.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2008 contributors
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Palmer, R., Lindgreen, A. (2008). Products and the Life Cycle. In: Kitchen, P.J. (eds) Marketing Metaphors and Metamorphosis. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230227538_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230227538_13
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-54709-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-22753-8
eBook Packages: Palgrave Business & Management CollectionBusiness and Management (R0)