Abstract
On his first trip to the Middle East as president of the United States, Barack Obama appeared before an academic audience at Cairo University to proclaim a new approach to relations with the entire Muslim world. To all Muslims, he sent a message of respect and goodwill, abandoning the “with us or against us” position adopted by his predecessor, George W. Bush.
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Notes
The White House, “The National Security Strategy of the United States of America,” March 2006, p. 18. This document also provides a succinct outline of the reasoning (pp. 23–24) that led the United States to wage war on Iraq following the conclusion that the Iraqi government was concealing WMD programs.
National Security Council, “National Strategy for Victory in Iraq,” November 2005, pp. 7–8.
Frederic Wehrey, Dalia Dassa Kaye, Jessica Watkins, Jeffrey Martini, and Robert A. Guffey, The Iraq Effect: The Middle East after the Iraq War (Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation, 2010), 1ff.
Fareed Zakaria, “Obama, Foreign Policy Realist,” Washington Post, July 21, 2008, http://newsweek.washingtonpost.com/postglobal/fareed_zakaria/2008/07/obama_foreign_policy_realist.html. (Accessed on June 27, 2010).
Lawrence S. Eagleburger, Vernon E. Jordan, Jr., Edwin Meese III, Sandra Day O’Connor, Leon E. Panetta, William J. Perry, Charles S. Robb, and Alan K. Simpson The Iraq Study Group Report U.S. Institute of Peace, (Washington, DC) December 2006, p. 7.
Barack Obama, “Renewing American Leadership,” Foreign Affairs (July/August 2007): 1ff.
See Charles W. Dunne and Ellen Laipson, “As the U.S. Plans Its Exit, Iraqis Find Reason to Worry,” The National, Abu Dhabi, May 31, 2010, http://www.thenational.ae/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20100531/OPINION/705309932/1080/commentary?template = opinion. (Accessed on July 21, 2010).
President Barack Obama, “Responsibly Ending the War in Iraq,” Remarks at Camp Lejeune, NC, February 27, 2009, http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/remarks-of-president-barack-obama-responsibly-ending-the-war-in-Iraq/. (Accessed on July 27, 2010).
Stephen McInerney, “The Federal Budget and Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2011: Democracy, Governance, and Human Rights in the Middle East,” Project on Middle East Democracy and the Heinrich Böll Stiftung, April 2010, p. 3.
Ellen Laipson, “The Future of U.S.-Iraq Relations,” Stimson Center, Washington, DC, April 2010.
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© 2011 Shahram Akbarzadeh
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Lippman, T.W. (2011). Saudi Arabia: A Controversial Partnership. In: Akbarzadeh, S. (eds) America’s Challenges in the Greater Middle East. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230119598_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230119598_3
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