Skip to main content

The Effects of Family Values on Entrepreneurship in East Asian Countries

  • Chapter
Korean Entrepreneurship

Abstract

In this chapter, we investigate characteristics of entrepreneurial family firms across three East Asian countries (Korea, China, and Japan), and suggest that these firms exhibit heterogeneous characteristics depending on the unique combination of the formal and informal institutional constraints surrounding each country. Further, we assess the effects of Confucianism on the role of the family in the process of their firm creation, and identify hierarchical relationships, paternalism, seniority, and preservation of group harmony as common characteristics of entrepreneurial family firms across the three countries. Several management issues they face are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aghion, P., and P. Bolton. 1992. An incomplete contracts approach to financial contracting. Review of Economic Studies 59(3): 473–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahlstorm, D., M.N. Young, E.S. Chan, and G.D. Bruton. 2004. Facing constraints to growth? Overseas Chinese entrepreneurs and traditional business practices in East Asia. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 21(3): 263–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, H.E. 2003. Entrepreneurship. In Handbook of Economic Sociology ed. N. Smelser and R. Swedberg. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, H.E., and M.C. Fiol. 1994. Fools rush in? The institutional context of industry creation. Academy of Management Review 19: 645–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bae, J.S., and C. Rowley. 2001. The impact of globalization on HRM: The case of South Korea. Journal of World Business 36(4): 402–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barney, J.B. 1991. Firm resources and sustainable competitive advantage. Journal of Management 17: 29–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bastos, P. 2001. Inter-firm collaboration and learning: The case of the Japanese automobile industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 18(4): 423–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchflower, D.G., and A.J. Oswald. 1998. What makes an entrepreneur? Journal of Labor Economics 16(1): 26–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J.E., B. Brown, and W. Chamornmarn. 2003. Informational networks, entrepreneurial action and performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 20(2): 151–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carney, M., and E. Gedajlovic. 2002. The co-evolution of institutional environments and organizational strategies: The rise of family business groups in the ASEAN region. Organization Studies 23(1): 1–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carney, M., and E. Gedajlovic. 2003. Strategic innovation and administrative heritage of East Asian family business groups. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 20(1): 5–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, S.J. 2006. Business groups in East Asia: Post-crisis restructuring and new growth. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 23: 407–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, S.J., and J. Hong. 2000. Economic performance of group-affiliated companies in Korea: Intragroup resource sharing and internal business transactions. Academy of Management Journal 43(3): 429–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, M. 2004. Asian Management Systems. London: Thomson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, M. 1995. Thailand—Overseas Chinese family business: A case study. East Asian Executive Reports 17(11): 8–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, M.J. 2001. Inside Chinese Business. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung, K.H., H.C. Lee, and K.H. Jung. 1997. Korean Management: Global Strategy and Cultural Transformation. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coase, R.H. 1937. The nature of the firm. Economica 4: 366–405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darby, M.R., and L. Zucker. 1999. Local academic science driving organizational change: The adoption of biotechnology by Japanese firms. NBER Working paper, 7248. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Deeds, D.L., and C.W. Hill. 1998. An examination of opportunistic action with research alliances: Evidence from the biotechnology industry. Journal of Business Venturing 14: 141–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dieleman, M., and W. Sachs. 2006. Oscillating between a relationship-based and a market-based model: The Salim Group. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 23: 521–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dyer, J.H., and K. Nobeoka. 2000. Creating and managing a high-performance knowledge-sharing network: The Toyota case. Strategic Management Journal 21(3): 345–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flynn, N. 1999. Miracle to Meltdown in Asia: Business, Government, and Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Fukuyama, F. 1995. Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gartner, W.B. 1989. “Who is an entrepreneur?” is the wrong question. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 12(4): 11–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gartner, W.B. 1990. What are we talking about when we talk about entrepreneurship? Journal of Business Venturing 5(1): 15–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gartner, W.B. 2001. Is there an elephant in entrepreneurship? Blind assumptions in theory development. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 25(4): 27–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Granovetter, M. 1973. The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology 78: 1360–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Granovetter, M. 1985. Economic action and social structure: A theory of embed-dedness. American Journal of Sociology 91: 481–510.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G. 1991. Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. London: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G., V. Deusen, C. Mueller, T. Charles, and Business Goals Network. 2002. What goals do business leaders pursue? Journal of International Business Studies 33: 785–803.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ibata-Arens, K.C. 2004. Alternatives to hierarchy in Japan: Business networks and civic entrepreneurship. Asian Business & Management 3: 315–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, S., P. Boone, A. Breach, and E. Friedman. 2000. Corporate governance in the Asian financial crisis, Journal of Financial Economics 58: 141–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karra, N., P. Tracey, and N. Phillips. 2006. Altruism and agency in the family firm: Exploring the role of family, kinship, and ethnicity. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 30(6): 861–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, N.H., D.W. Sohn, and J.A. Wall Jr. 1999. Korean leaders’ (and subordinates’) conflict management. International Journal of Conflict Management 10(2): 130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King, A.Y.C., and M.H. Bond. 1985. The Confucian paradigm of man: A sociological view. In Chinese Culture and Mental Health, ed. D.Y.H. Wu, pp. 29–45. New York: Academic Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lang, L.H.P., and R.M. Stulz. 1994. Tobin’s q, corporate diversification, and firm performance. Journal of Political Economy 102: 1248–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, D. Y, and E.W.K. Tsang. 2001. The effects of entrepreneurial personality, background and network activities on venture growth. Journal of Management Studies 38(4): 583–602.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, H.C. 1998. Transformation of employment practices in Korean businesses, International Studies of Management and Organization 28(4): 26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, S.H. 2000. Argument of Asiatic value and the future of Confucian culture. In Korean Identity in the New Millennium (5 Section), pp. 12–27. Seoul: The Academy of Korean Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liao, D., and P. Sohmen. 2001. The development of modern entrepreneurship in China. Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs 1: 27–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lins, K.V. 2003. Equity ownership and firm value in emerging markets. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 38: 159–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, L. 2007. A new generation of family firm. Financial Times, London (UK), March 10, 2007, p. 12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lynn, L.H., and R. Kishida. 2004. Changing paradigms for Japanese technology policy: SMEs, universities, and biotechnology. Asian Business & Management 3: 459–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masuda, T. 2006. The determinants of latent entrepreneurship in Japan. Small Business Economics 26: 227–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McConaughy, D., C. Matthews, and A. Fialko. 2001. Founding family controlled firms: Performance, risk, and value. Journal of Small Business Management 39(1): 31–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McConaughy, D., M. Walker, G. Henderson, and C. Mishra. 1998. Founding family controlled firms: Efficiency and value. Review of Financial Economics 7: 1–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • North, D.C. 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change, and Economic Performance. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Oh, T.K., and E.S. Kim. 2002. The impact of Confucianism on East Asian Business Enterprises. In Korean Business and Management: The Reality and the Vision, ed. Zusun Rhee and Eunmi Chang. New Jersey: Hollym International Corp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, C. 1997. Sustainable competitive advantage: Combining institutional and resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal 18(9): 679–713.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paik, Y.S., and J.H. Sohn. 1998. Confucius in Mexico: Korean MNCs and the Maquiladoras. Business Horizons 41(6): 25–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, M.W. 2000. Business Strategies in Transition Economies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peng, M.W. 2002. Toward an institution-based view of business strategy. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 19(2–3): 251–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, M.W. 2003. Institutional transitions and strategic choices. Academy of Management Review 28(2): 275–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peng, M.W., and P.S. Heath. 1996. The growth of the firm in planned economies in transition: Institutions, organizations, and strategic choice. Academy of Management Review 21(2): 492–528.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peng, M.W., and J.Q. Zhou. 2005. How network strategies and institutional transitions evolve in Asia. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 22(4): 321–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, M.W., D.Y.L. Wang, and Y Jiang. 2008. An institution-based view of international business strategy: A focus on emerging economies. Journal of International Business Studies 39(5): 920–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter, M.E. 1980. Competitive Strategy. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell, W. 1990. Neither market nor hierarchy: Network forms of organization. Research in Organizational Behavior 12: 295–336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Redding, S.G., and M. Hsiao. 1995. An empirical study of overseas Chinese managerial ideology. In International Cultural Differences, Ed. S.G. Redding, pp. 183–96. Aldershot and Brookfield, VT: Dartmouth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reeder, J. 1987. “When West meets East: Cultural Aspects of Doing Business in Asia,” Business Horizons, January-February, 69–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowen, H.S., and A.M. Toyoda. 2002. From Keiretsu to Start-Ups: Japan’s Push for High Tech Entrepreneurship. Stanford: Stanford University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, W.R. 1995. Institutions and Organization. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Studwell, J. 2007. Ties that bind: Crony capitalism is stunning Southeast Asia. Newsweek (International ed.), New York, July 23, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sung, T.K., D.V. Gibson, and B.S. Kang. 2003. Characteristics of technology transfer in business ventures: The case of Daejeon, Korea. Technological Forecasting & Social Change 70: 449–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teece, D.J., G. Pisano, and A. Shuen. 1997. Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal 18(7): 509–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Venkataraman, S. 1997. The distinctive domain of entrepreneurship research: An editor’s perspective. In Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence, and Growth, ed. J. Katz and R. Brockhaus, Vol. 3, pp. 119–38. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wernerfelt, B. 1984. A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal 5: 171–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, O.E. 1973. Markets and hierarchies: Some elementary considerations. American Economic Review 63: 316–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, J.Y., and J. Li. 2008. The development of entrepreneurship in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 25: 335–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yeung, H.W. 2002. Entrepreneurship in international business: An institutional perspective. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 19(1): 29–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshikawa, T., and J. McGuire. 2008. Change and continuity in Japanese corporate governance. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 25: 5–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yum, J.O. 1994. The impact of Confucianism on interpersonal relationships and communication patterns in East Asia. In Intercultural Communication: A Reader, ed. L.A. Samovar and R.E. Porter, pp. 75–86. Belmont: International Thomson Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, M.A., and G.J. Zeitz. 2002. Beyond survival: Achieving new venture growth by building legitimacy. Academy of Management Review 27(3): 414–31.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Theresa Youn-ja Shim

Copyright information

© 2010 T. Youn-ja Shim (Theresa Y. Shim)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lee, I.H., Paik, Y. (2010). The Effects of Family Values on Entrepreneurship in East Asian Countries. In: Shim, T.Yj. (eds) Korean Entrepreneurship. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230115507_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics