Abstract
This book was written as much for myself as for anyone else. For almost a decade before beginning it, I had been fighting a gnawing belief that education in America—particularly elementary and secondary educa-tion—was in a death spiral that would inevitably lead to disaster. I was spending several weeks each year working with colleges in various parts of the country that were struggling against the effects of a failing system, and were desperate to find ways to make up for those deficiencies. But the evidence was everywhere and was irrefutable. Thousands of young people were graduating from high school seriously underprepared for both work and further education. Some were awarded high school diplomas that were indistinguishable from the class valedictorians, but were based on the student having met the requirements of an Individual Educational Plan (IEP) that was purely behavior-based, and did not require mastery of any body of knowledge. Worse still, a quarter of ninth graders were not finishing school with their classes at all, and of those who did graduate, a high percentage was deficient in reading, math, and English skills. Many who entered college did not survive the first year—in an economy where we were being told that 90 percent of the fastest growing jobs in America required some additional education beyond high school.1
If we continue on our current course, and the number of nations outpacing us in the education race continues to grow at its current rate, the American standard of living will steadily fall relative to those nations, rich and poor, that are doing a better job.
—Tough Choices or Tough Times. p. xix
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Notes
National Center on Education and the Economy, Tough Choices or Tough Times, A Report by the New Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce, 2007.
David Hunn, “Worst Schools are in 6 City Areas,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, September 1, 2009, 1–2.
National Commission on Excellence in Education, “A Nation at Risk,” April 1983, http://www.ed.gov/pubs/NatAtRisk/risk.html (accessed March 30, 2008), 1.
U.S. Department of Education, “A Test of Leadership: Charting the Future of U.S. Higher Education,” A report by the commission appointed by Secretary of Education Margaret Spellings, 2006.
Eric A. Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann, “The Role of Cognitive Skills in Economic Development,” Journal of Economic Literature 46, 3 (2008): 607–668.
Paul Klugman, “The Uneducated American,” The New York Times, October 9, 2009, A-31.
Digest of Educational Statistics, 2007 Tables and Figures, “Averaged Freshman Graduation Rates for Public Secondary Schools, by State: Selected Years, 1990–91 through 2004–05.” http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d07/tables/dt07_102.asp (accessed April 1, 2008).
Educational Testing Service Policy Evaluation and Research Center, America’s Perfect Storm: Three Forces Changing Our Nation’s Future, January 2007, 3.
Interactive Illinois Report Card, “Tomorrow’s Builders Charter School,” http://iirc.niu.edu/ (accessed April 6, 2009).
James B. Hunt and Thomas J. Tierney, “American Higher Education: How Does It Measure Up for the 21st Century?” The National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, 2006, 8.
The College Board, “Average Mean Scores.” http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/sat/scores/understanding/average.html (accessed March 28, 2009).
Edward Reingold and Peter Drucker, “Facing the ‘Totally New and Dynamic,’” Time Magazine, January 22, 1990.
Sanford Bridge Report. “Betraying the College Dream” 2004, http://www.stanford.edu/group/bridgeproject/betrayingthecollegedream.pdf#search=%2212%20ways%20to%20be%20successful%20in%20college%22 (accessed June 30, 2009).
American Association of Community Colleges, “Fast Facts,” 2006, http://www.aacc.nche.edu/Content/NavigationMenu/AboutCommunityColleges/Fast_Facts1/Fast_Facts.htm (accessed September 30, 2007).
Michael Lawrence Collins, “Setting up Success in Developmental Education: How State Policy Can Help Improve Community College Student Outcomes,” June 2009, http://www.jff.org/Documents/AtD_brief_success_060809.pdf (accessed July 1, 2009).
Byron McClenney, “The Future of Developmental Education in Texas Community Colleges,” (presentation to the Texas Commissioner for Higher Education, Austin, TX, September 29, 2008).
Achieving the Dream Data Notes, “February 2006: Developmental Math,” http://www.achievingthedream.org/_images/_index03/February_2006_Developmental_Math.pdf (accessed July 3, 2009).
Nancy R. Lockwood, “The Aging Workforce: The Reality of the Impact of Older Workers and Eldercare in the Workplace,” HR Magazine, December 2003.
Mitra Toossi, “Labor Force Projections to 2016: More Workers in Their Golden Years,” Monthly Labor Review, Department of Labor Statistics (November 2007).
National Center on Education and the Economy, Tough Choices or Tough Times (San-Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2008).
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© 2010 Kent A. Farnsworth
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Farnsworth, K.A. (2010). We Need School Reform—and Soon!. In: Grassroots School Reform. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230114661_2
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