Abstract
Over the last fifteen years there has been an increase in scholarly work internationally in the area of boys, masculinities and schooling (Davison, 1996, 2000a, 2000b; Frank, 1987, 1990, 1993, 1994, 1997a and b; Epstein et al., 1998; Kenway, 1995, 1998, 2000; Mac an Ghaill, 1994a, 1994b, 1996; Martino, 1994, 1995, 2000, forthcoming). This work, heavily influenced by feminist research on gender and education, has investigated, and often problematised, the complexities of the lives of boys in schools. It has focused on homophobia and heterosexism, bullying, sexual harassment, violence and underachievement. Over the last ten years in the United Kingdom and Australia there has been an outcry in the popular press about a crisis in the education of boys (Epstein et al., 1998). Newspaper headlines have asked questions such as: ‘Are Schools Failing our Boys?’ ‘What about the Boys?’ and ‘Do Boys Need More Male Teachers?’
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adams, H. (1994). Peace in the Classroom: Practical Lessons in Living for Elementary-Age Children, Winnipeg: Peguis Publishers Limited.
Alloway, N. and Gilbert, P. (eds.) (1997a). Boys and Literacy: Professional Development Units, Carlton, Australia: Curriculum Corporation.
Alloway, N. and Gilbert, P. (1997b). Everything is Dangerous: Working with the ‘Boys and Literacy’ Agenda. English in Australia, Vol. 119, No. 20, 35–45.
Askew, S. and Ross, C. (1988). Boys Don’t Cry, Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
Atlantic Provinces Economic Council (2000). Atlantic Report, Vol. 35, No. 3.
Atlantic Provinces Education Foundation (1996). Education Indicators for Atlantic Canada Report, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Campaign 2000: 2000 URL: http://www.campaign2000.ca/.
Cohen, M. (1998). ‘A Habit of Healthy Idleness’: Boys’ Underachievement in Historical Perspective. In D. Epstein, J. Elwood, V. Hey and J. Maw (eds.) Failing Boys? Issues in Gender and Achievement. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Connell, R. (1989). Cool Guys, Swots and Wimps: The Interplay of Masculinity and Education. Oxford Review of Education, Vol. 15, No. 3, 291–303.
Connell, R. (1995). Masculinities, Berkeley: University of California Press.
Council of Ministers of Education Canada (1993). School Achievement Indicators Program Report on Mathematics Assessment, Council of Ministers of Education, Toronto.
Council of Ministers of Education Canada (1994). School Achievement Indicators Program Report on Reading and Writing Assessment, Council of Ministers of Education, Toronto.
Council of Ministers of Education Canada (1996). School Achievement Indicators Program Report on Science Assessment, Council of Ministers of Education, Toronto.
Council of Ministers of Education Canada (1997). School Achievement Indicators Program Report on Mathematics Assessment, Council of Ministers of Education, Toronto.
Council of Ministers of Education Canada (1998). School Achievement Indicators Program Report on Reading and Writing Assessment, Council of Ministers of Education, Toronto.
Council of Ministers of Education Canada (1999). School Achievement Indicators Program Report on Science Assessment, Council of Ministers of Education, Toronto.
Cunnison, S. (1989). Gender Joking in the Staffroom. In S. Acker (ed.), Teachers, Gender and Careers, London: The Falmer Press.
Davison, K. G. (1996). Manly Expectations: Memories of Masculinities in School. Unpublished Master’s thesis, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
Davison, K. G. (2000b). Boys Bodies in School: Physical Education, The Joumal of Men’s Studies, Vol. 8, No. 2, 255–66.
Davison, K. G. (2000a). Masculinities, Sexualities and the Student Body: ‘Sorting’ Gender Identities in School. In C. James (ed.) Experiencing Difference, Halifax: Fernwood Press, pp. 44–52.
Epstein, D., Elwood, J., Hey, V. and Maw, J. (eds.) (1998). Failing Boys? Issues in Gender and Achievement, Buckingham: Open University Press.
Family Literacy Association of Nova Scotia (1999). Pamphlet on Family Literacy.
Frank, B. (1987). Hegemonic Heterosexual Masculinity, Studies in Political Economy, Autumn 159–70.
Frank, B. (1990). Everyday Masculinities. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Frank, B. (1993). Straight/Strait Jackets for Masculinity: Educating for ‘Real Men’, Atlantis, Vol. 18, Nos. 1 and 2, Fall/Spring, 47–59.
Frank, B. (1994). Queer Selves/Queer in Schools: Young men and Sexualities. In S. Prentice (ed.), Sex in Schools: Canadian Education and Sexual regulation, Toronto: Our Schools/Our Selves Education Foundation.
Frank, B. (1997a). External Review of Cole Harbour District High School. Unpublished report for the Halifax Regional School Board, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Frank, B. (1997b). Masculinity Meets Postmodernism: Theorizing the ‘Manmade’ Man, Canadian Folklore Canadien, Vol. 19, No. 1, 15–33.
Frank, B. (1999). External Review of Digby High School. Unpublished report for the Southwest regional School Board, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Frank, B. and Davison, K. (eds.) (forthcoming). Masculinities and Schooling: International Practices and Perspectives, Halifax: Fernwood Press.
Gilbert, R. and Gilbert P. (1998). Masculinity Goes to School, London: Routledge.
Hazier, R. (1996). Breaking the Cycle of Violence: Interventions for Bullying and Victimization, London: Taylor and Francis.
International Adult Literacy Survey (1997). Literacy of Canadian Youth, September.
Kenway, J. (2000). Factors Influencing the Educational Performance of Males and Females in School and their Initial Destinations after Leaving School, Deakin University, University of South Australia.
Kenway, J. (1998). Answering Back: Girls, Boys and Feminism in Schools, London: Routledge.
Kenway, J. (1995). Masculinities in Schools: Under Siege, on the Defensive and under Reconstruction, Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, Vol. 16, No. 1, 59–79.
Kenway, J. and Fitzclarence, L. (1997). Masculinity, Violence and Schooling: Challenging ‘poisonous pedagogies’, Gender and Education, Vol. 9, No. 1, 117–33.
Kindlon, D. and Thompson, M. (1999). Raising Cain: Protecting the Emotional Life of Boys, New York: Ballantine Books.
Kunjufu, J. (1986). Countering the Conspiracy to Destroy Black Boys, Vol. II. Chicago: African American Images.
Lees, S. (1986). Losing out: Sexuality and Adolescent Girls, London: Hutchison.
Macan Ghaill, M. (ed.) (1996). Understanding Masculinities: Social Relations and Cultural Arenas, Buckingham: Open University Press.
Macan Ghaill, M. (1994a). The Making of Black, English Masculinities. In H. Brod and M. Kaufman (eds.), Theorizing Masculinities, Thousand Oaks: Sage, pp. 183–99.
Macan Ghaill, M. (1988). Young, Gifted and Black: Student—Teacher Relations in the Schooling of Black Youth, Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
Mac and Ghaill, M. (1994b). The Making of Men: Masculinities, Sexualities and Schooling, Buckingham: Open University Press.
Martino, W. (1994). Masculinity and Learning: Exploring Boys’ Underachievement and Under-representation in Subject English, Interpretations, Special Edition: Boys in English, Vol. 27, No. 2, 22–47.
Martino, W. (1995). Deconstructing Masculinity in the English Classroom: A Site for Reconstituting Gendered Subjectivity, Gender and Education, Vol. 7, No. 2, 205–20.
Martino, W. (2000). Policing Masculinities: Investigating the Role of Homophobia and Heteronormativity in the Lives of Adolescent School boys, The Journal of Men’s Studies, Vol. 8, No. 2, 213–36.
Martino, W. (forthcoming). ‘Dangerous Pedagogies’: Exploring Issues of Sexuality and Masculinity in Male Teacher Candidates’ Lives. In B. Frank and K. Davison (eds), Masculinities and Schooling: International Practices and Perspectives, Halifax: Fernwood Press.
Men for Change (1994). Healthy Relationships: A Violence-prevention Curriculum, Men for Change: Halifax.
Pemberton, K. and Cullbert, L. (2001). Teen Suicides from Bullying a Worrying Trend, The Vancouver Sun, 11 January, p. A1.
Pollack, W. (1999). Real Boys: Rescuing Our Sons from the Myth of Boyhood, New York: Henry Holt and Company.
Rofes, E. (1995). Making our Schools Safe for Sissies. In: G. Unks (ed.), The Gay Teen: Education, Practice and Theory for Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Adolescents, New York: Routledge, pp. 79–84.
Salisbury, J. and Jackson, D. (1996). Challenging Macho Values: Practical Ways of Working with Adolescent Boys, London: The Falmer Press.
Sexed Tetes Collective (1993). Gender Equity/Gender Treachery, Border/Lines, pp. 46–54.
Sketton, C. (1997). Primary Boys and Hegemonic Masculinities. British Journal of Sociology of Education, Vol. 18, No. 3: 349–69.
Willis, P. (1977). Learning to Labour: How Working-class Kids Get Working-class Jobs, New York: Columbia University Press.
Yelland, N. (ed.) (1998). Gender in Early Childhood, London: Routledge. Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2004 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Davison, K.G., Lovell, T.A., Frank, B.W., Vibert, A.B. (2004). Boys and Underachievement in the Canadian Context: No Proof for Panic. In: Ali, S., Benjamin, S., Mauthner, M. (eds) The Politics of Gender and Education. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230005532_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230005532_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4039-0490-4
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-00553-2
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social & Cultural Studies CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)