Abstract
Herbert Butterfield was born at Oxenhope, Yorkshire, on 7 October 1900. He went up to Peterhouse, Cambridge, from the Keighley Trade Grammar School, in 1919. There he read for the Cambridge Historical Tripos under the tutorship of Paul Vellacott, a meticulous writer who published little.1 The young Butterfield was drawn to romantic historical fiction and first approached history from a literary standpoint. Eventually, his essay ‘Art is History Made Organic’ attracted attention in Peterhouse. He was elected a Fellow in 1923 and won the ‘La Bas’ Prize for The Historical Novel (1924) in the same year. At least from 1923 onwards he was strongly influenced by Harold Temperley, the highly regarded Peterhouse diplomatic historian. A strong individualist, Butterfield could be sparing in acknowledging the influence of others. He was trained as a diplomatic historian and in this field greatly admired Temperley and G. P. Gooch.2 Butterfield owed much to his father, Albert Butterfield, who encouraged his son to enter the Methodist ministry. In 1917 Herbert began lay preaching to Methodist congregations in Yorkshire and continued the practice in Cambridgeshire until 1936. On occasions he also taught at Wesley House in Cambridge.3 Always opposed to fundamentalism, he was sympathetic to the positive features of English evangelicalism.4
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Notes
For Vellacott’s style, see his ‘The Diary of a Country Gentleman in 1688’, CHJ 2 (1926–28), 48–62.
Cf. Frank Eyck, G. P. Gooch: A Study in History and Politics (1982), esp. pp. 311–405.
John D. Fair, Harold Temperley: A Scholar and Romantic in the Public Realm (1992), esp. pp. 167–215.
H. W. V. Temperley, The Foreign Policy of Canning 1822–1827 (1966), p. viii.
Symondson, EHR 87 (1972), 644; and DHI I, p. 403.
‘Early Youth’, BP, 7. Cf. Adolf Harnack, Christianity and History (1898); What is Christianity? (1901).
John L. Clive, ‘The Prying Yorkshireman’, New Republic 186 (23 June 1982), 31.
‘History as the Organisation of Man’s Memory’, in Knowledge Among Men, ed. Paul H. Oehser, (1966), p. 31.
CH, pp. 19f. Cf. review of Widgery, The Sunday Times (16 July 1960), 27.
Cf. C. Thomas Mclntire, ‘Introduction Herbert Butterfield on Christianity and History’, WCH (1979), pp. xlv-xlvi.
S. W. Sykes, ‘Theology through History’, in David F. Ford (ed.), The Modem Theologians: An Introductin to Christian Theology in the Twentieth Century (1989) II, pp. 25–7.
Adam Watson, ‘Introduction’, OH (1981), p. 7.
W. H. Walsh, An Introduction to Philosophy of History (1967), pp. 11–17.
Ernst Troeltsch, Der Historismus und seine Probleme (1922).
Troeltsch offered his resolution as ‘Ethics and the Philosophy of History’, in Christian Thought: Its History and Application, ed. F. von Hugel (1923), pp. 39–129.
See John L. Herkless, ‘Meinecke and the Ranke-Burckhardt Problem’, HT 9 (1970), 290–321.
See esp. Alfred J. Ayer, Language, Truth and Logic (1936).
So termed by William Dray, Laws and Explanation in History (1957), pp. 1, 18.
William H. Walsh, ‘Colligatory Concepts in History’, in Studies in the Nature and Teaching of History, ed. W. H. Burston and David Thompson (1967), pp. 65–106.
Sidney Hook, ed., Philosophy and History (1963).
H.-G. Gadamer, Truth and Method (1965).
Haskell Fain, Between Philosophy and History (1970).
Hayden V. White, Metahistory (1973).
Peter Munz, The Shapes of Time (1977).
The discussion is recorded in Scientific Change, ed. Alastair C. Crombie (1963), pp. 370–95.
See David Bebbington, Patterns in History (1979), pp. 145–53.
Cf. William H. Walsh, An Introduction to Philosophy of History (1967), pp. 42–7.
Patrick Gardiner, The Nature of Historical Explanation (1952), pp. 32–4.
G. H. von Wright, Explanation and Understanding (1971), esp. pp. 1–33.
John B. Bury, The Science of History (1903), pp. 18–19.
see ‘Cleopatra’s Nose’, Rationalist Philosophical Annual (1916), 16–23.
See Harvey J. Kaye, The British Marxist Historians (1984).
Dawson, Eternity in Time, ed. Stratford Caldecott and John Morrill, (1997).
John Kenyon, The History Men (1983), pp. 242–50.
For critical assessments of Toynbee, see Toynbee and History, ed. M. F. Ashley Montagu (1956).
Owen Chadwick, ‘Sir Herbert Butterfield’, CR 101 (16 November 1979), 7.
Review of Carr, CR 83 (2 December 1961), 172.
John L. Clive, ‘The Prying Yorkshireman’, New Republic 186 (23 June 1982), 35.
Esmond Wright, ‘Professor Sir Herbert Butterfield’, Contemporary Review 235 (December 1979), 293.
P. G. Lucas, review of MHP, Universities Quarterly 10 (1956), 188.
E. H. Carr, What is History? (1961), p. 69.
Karl Löwith, ‘History and Christianity’, in Reinhold Niebuhr: His Religious, Social and Political Thought, ed. C. W. Kegley and R. W. Bretall (1956), p. 290.
Hugh F. Kearney, review of CH, The Month Third Series 3 (1950), 145.
W. Stanford Reid, ‘Professor Butterfield and a Christian Interpretation of History’, His 16 (May 1956), 23–5.
see George Watson, ‘The War against the Whigs’, Encounter New Series 1 (1986), 19–25.
Esmond Wright, ‘Professor Sir Herbert Butterfield’, Contemporary Review 235 (1979), 294.
John L. Clive, ‘The Prying Yorkshireman’, New Republic 186 (23 June 1982), 32.
Michael Hobart, ‘History and Religion in the Thought of Herbert Butterfield’, JHI 32 (1971), 543.
W. R. Matthews, ‘The Philosophy of History’, review of CH, Journal of Education 82 (1950), 354.
W. A. Speck, ‘Herbert Butterfield and the Legacy of a Christian Historian’, in A Christian View of History? eds. George Marsden and Frank Roberts (1975), p. 105.
H. P. Rickman, ‘The Horizons of History’, Hibbert Journal 56 (1956–7), 168.
William A. Speck, ‘Herbert Butterfield on the Christian and Historical Study’, FH 4 (1971), 64.
W. Stanford Reid, ‘The Problem of the Christian Interpretation of History’, FH 5 (1973), 102.
Louis J. Voskuil, ‘History: Sound and Fury Signifying Nothing?’ Pro Rege (March 1988), 6.
Martin Wight, ‘History and Judgment: Butterfield, Niebuhr, and the Technical Historian’, The Frontier (August 1950), 301–14.
Ernst Nagel, ‘History of History’, review of MHP, Nation 182 (3 March 1956), 184.
C. Thomas Mclntire, ‘Introduction Herbert Butterfield on Christianity and History’, WCH, p. xxxix.
Kenneth W. Thompson, ‘Butterfield, Herbert’, International Encyclopaedia of Social Sciences. XVIII (1979), p. 95.
Harold T. Parker, ‘Herbert Butterfield’, in Some 20th Century Historians, ed. S. W. Halperin (1961), p. 100.
Kenneth W. Thompson, ‘Butterfield, Herbert’, in The International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences. XVIII (1979), p. 91.
Michael Hobart, ‘History and Religion in the Thought of Herbert Butterfield’, JHI 32 (1971), 552–3.
Kenneth W. Thompson, ‘Butterfield, Herbert’, in The International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences. XVIII (1979), pp. 94–5.
On different categories of evidence, see Richard Pares, ‘Round the Georgian Mulberry Bush’, review of GH, The New Statesman 54 (23 November 1957), 698.
For discussions of Butterfield’s critique of Namier, see M. S. Anderson, Historians and Eighteenth-Century Europe 1715–1789 (1979), pp. 221–9.
John Kenyon, The History Men (1983), pp. 261–9.
For Butterfield, see W. R. Fryer, ‘English Politics in the Age of Burke: Herbert Butterfield’s Achievement’, Studies in Burke and His Time 11 (1970), 1519–42.
on the Namier side, Ian R. Christie, ‘George III and the Historians-Thirty Years On’, H 71 (1986), 205–21. 66.
Thomas S. Kuhn, The Copemican Revolution (1957), esp. p. 283.
cf. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (rev. edn 1970), p. 85.
A. Rupert Hall, ‘On Whiggism’, History of Science 21 (1983), 45–59.
Adrian Wilson and T. G. Ashplant, ‘Whig History and Present-centred History’, HJ 31 (1988), 1–16.
Ernst Mayr, ‘When is Historiography Whiggish?’ JHI 51 (1990), 301–9.
Andrew Cunningham and Perry Williams, ‘De-centring the “Big Picture”: The Origins of Modem Science and the Modern Origins of Science’, British Journal for the History of Science 26 (1993), 407–32.
Regis Cabral, ‘Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979) as a Christian Historian of Science’, Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science 27 (1996), 547–64.
Kenneth W. Thompson, ‘Butterfield, Herbert’, The International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences: XVIII (1979), p. 93.
Maurice Cowling, ‘Herbert Butterfield 1900–1979’, PBA 65 (1979), 609.
Adrian Wilson and T. G. Ashplant, ‘Whig History and Present-centred History’, HJ 31 (1988), 5.
Malcolm R. Thorp, Herbert Butterfield and the Reinterpretation of the Christian Historical Perspective (1997) does not resolve the central problem. See esp. pp. 145–54.
George Gale, ‘Herbert Butterfield, Historian’, Encounter 53 (November 1979), 89.
cf. Patrick Cosgrave, ‘A Englishman and His History’, The Spectator 243 (28 July 1979), 22.
E. H. Harbison, reviews of HHR, WMQ Third Series 9 (1952), 416.
Patrick Gardiner, review of Butterfield, CH, Mind 60 (1951), 134.
John Kenyon, The History Men (1983), pp. 230–261
Noel Annan, Our Age: Portrait of a Generation (1990), p. 270.
Cf. Annan, The Dons: Mentors, Eccentrics and Geniuses (1999), pp. 264–6.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2005 Keith C. Sewell
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sewell, K.C. (2005). Introduction. In: Herbert Butterfield and the Interpretation of History. Studies in Modern History. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230000933_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230000933_1
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-51978-1
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-00093-3
eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)