Skip to main content

Post-War Mozambique: Designing Peace, (Re)Distributing Power (?)

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Beyond Peacebuilding

Part of the book series: Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies ((RCS))

  • 326 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter covers the post-1992 Peace Accords period and discusses how the institutional changes brought up in the context of peacebuilding have altered the opportunities for local empowerment to occur. More generally, it contests the ‘success story’ label attributed to Mozambique, questioning, instead, what has changed in terms of power redistribution after the Peace Accords. The institutional reforms that took place consolidated a state that is still very distant from the masses. The detailed discussion presented regarding development and democracy reforms in the country further illustrated how formal changes do not necessarily entail more substantial changes at the level of the everyday life. This chapter concludes with statements from everyday people regarding what has changed for them with the advent of peace.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

Articles, Books, Book Chapters and Reports

  • Abrahamsson, H., & Nilsson, A. (1995). Mozambique. The troubled transition. From socialist construction to free market capitalism. London/New Jersey: Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adalima, J., & Nuvunga, A. (2012). Participação da Sociedade Civil na Elaboração do Plano de Ação para a Redução da Pobreza. PARP (2010–2014). Estudo Realizado para o Grupo Informal de Governação. http://www.ruth.org.mz/index.php/component/docman/doc_download/29-participacao-da-sociedade-civil?Itemid=215. Accessed 3 Apr 2014.

  • AfriMAP and Open Society Initiative for Souther Africa. (2009). Moçambique. Democracia e Participação Política. Report. www.afrimap.org/english/images/report/AfriMAP-Moz-PolPart-PT.pdf. Accessed 10 Mar 2014.

  • Afrobarometer. (2009). Popular attitudes toward democracy in Mozambique: A summary of Afrobarometer indicators, 2002–2008. http://www.afrobarometer.org/results/results-by-country-a-m/mozambique. Accessed 22 June 2013.

  • Afrobarometer. (2012). Afrobarometer Round 5 survey in Mozambique, 2012. Compiled by the Centre for Research on Governance and Development (CPGD) http://www.afrobarometer.org/results/results-by-country-a-m/mozambique. Accessed 17 Mar 2014.

  • Ajello, A. (2002) Testimony. In: Mazula, Brazão (coord.) Mozambique. 10 Years of Peace. Maputo: CEDE, 321-324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alden, C. (2001). Mozambique and the construction of the new African state. From negotiations to nation building. London/New York: Palgrave.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Alden, C. (2006). A separate peace: Mozambique, state reconstruction and the search of sustainable democracy. In O. Furley, & R. May (Eds.), Ending Africa’s wars. Progressing to peace. Aldershot/Burlington: Ashgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alfani, F., Azzarri, C., d’Errico, M., & Molini, V. (2012). Poverty in Mozambique. New evidence from recent household surveys. Policy research working paper 6217. The World Bank. Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Department. http://econ.worldbank.org/external/default/main?pagePK=64165259&theSitePK=469072&piPK=64165421&menuPK=64166093&entityID=000158349_20121003131947. Accessed 14 Feb 2014.

  • Astill-Brown, J., & Weimer, M. (2010). Mozambique. Balancing development, politics and security. Report. London: Chatham House. The Royal Institute of International Affairs. http://www.chathamhouse.org/publications/papers/view/109462. Accessed 22 Sept 2011.

  • Bertelsmann Stiftung (BTI). (2012). Mozambique country report. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung. http://www.bti-project.org. Accessed 14 May 2013.

  • Bertelsmann Stiftung (BTI). (2014). Mozambique country report. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung. http://www.bti-project.org. Accessed 15 Feb 2014.

  • Cabaço, J. L. (1995). A Longa Estrada da Democracia Moçambicana. In B. Mazula (Ed.), Moçambique. Eleições, Democracia e Desenvolvimento (pp. 79–114). Maputo: Elo Gráfica Lda.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carbone, G. (2005). Continuidade na Renovação? Ten years of multiparty politics in Mozambique: Roots, evolution and stabilization of the Frelimo-Renamo party system. Journal of Modern Africa Studies, 43(3), 417–442.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castel-Branco, C. N. (2012). PARP 2011–2014: Contradições, Tensões e Dilemas. In L. de Brito, C. N. Castel-Branco, S. Chichava, & A. Francisco (orgs.), Desafios para Moçambique 2012 (pp. 105–115). Maputo: IESE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chetwynd, E., Chetwynd, F., & Spector, B. (2003). Corruption and poverty: A review of recent literature. Final report. Washington: Management Systems International. http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/0708/doc14285.pdf. Accessed 07 Feb 2014.

  • Cohen, H. J. (2000). Intervening in Africa. Superpower peacemaking in a troubled continent. Studies in diplomacy. London/New York: Macmillan Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cramer, C. (2001). Privatization and adjustment in Mozambique: A ‘hospital pass’? Journal of Southern African Studies, 27(1), 79–103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cramer, C. (2006) Civil War is not a Stupid Thing. Accounting for Violence in Developing Countries. London: Hurst and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunguara, B. (2012). An exposition of development failures in Mozambique. Review of African Political Economy, 39, 161–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Brito, L. (2012). Pobreza, “PARPAs” e Governação. In L. de Brito, C. N. Castel-Branco, S. Chichava, & A. Francisco (orgs.), Desafios para Moçambique 2012 (pp. 1–25). Maputo: IESE.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Renzio, P. and Hanlon, J. (2007) Contested Sovereignty in Mozambique: the Dilemmas of Aid Dependence. Managing Aid Dependency Project. GEG Working Paper 2007/25. Available at: http://www.globaleconomicgovernance.org/docs/DerenzioandHanlon_Mozambiquepaperrev120107.pdf (Accessed: 8 January 2010).

  • Fael, B., & Cortez, E. (2013). Controlo da Corrupção não Foi Prioridade na Agenda da Governação no Período 2005–2013. CIP Newsletter, 19, Boa Governação, Transparência e Integridade. Centro de Integridade Pública de Moçambique, Maputo. http://www.cip.org.mz/article.asp?lang=&sub=news&docno=272. Accessed 15 Mar 2014.

  • Fox, L. (2008). Beating the odds. Sustaining inclusion in Mozambique’s growing economy. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Francisco, A. (2009). Sociedade Civil em Moçambique. Expectativas e Desafios. In L. de Brito, C. N. Castel-Branco, S. Chichava, & A. Francisco (orgs.), Desafios para Moçambique 2010 (pp. 51–105). Maputo: IESE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Francisco, A. (2012). Por que o PARP Existe em Moçambique? Semanário Canal de Moçambique. Part 1, 16–18; Part 2 18–23. www.iese.ac.mz/lib/af/Porque_PARPExisteMocambique.pdf. Accessed 10 Sept 2012.

  • Francisco, A., & Matter, K. (2007). Poverty observatory in Mozambique—Final report. Maputo: Commissioned Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC). http://www.gersterconsulting.ch/docs/Mozambique-Poverty-Report.pdf. Accessed 7 Jan 2014.

  • Francisco, A., Mucavele, A., Monjane, P., & Seuane, S. (2007). Mozambican civil society within: Evaluation, challenges, opportunities and action. Civil Society Index, Mozambique. Foundation for Community Development (trans: Rabelo, P.). www.iese.ac.mz/lib/af/pub/CSI%20Moz%2007%20english_.pdf. Accessed 30 Apr 2013.

  • Green, D. (2008). From poverty to power. How active citizens and effective states can change the world. Oxford: Oxfam International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. (1991). Mozambique. Who calls the shot? London/Bloomington/Indianapolis: James Currey/Indiana University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. (1996). Peace without profit. How the IMF blocks rebuilding in Mozambique (African issues). Oxford/Portsmouth: James Currey/Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. (Ed.) (2000). Mozambique peace process bulletin, Issue 24. Amsterdam/Maputo: AWEPA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. (2004). Do donors promote corruption?: The case of Mozambique. Third World Quartely, 25(4), 747–763.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. (2009a). Mozambique. The panic and rage of the poor. Review of African Political Economy, 36(119), 125–130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. (2009b). Mozambique’s Elite—Finding its way in a globalised world and returning to old development models. Paper presented at a Crisis States Research Center Seminar, 7 October 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. (2010a). Frelimo landslide in tainted election in Mozambique. Review of African Political Economy, 37(123), 92–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. (2010b). Mozambique: ‘the war ended 17 years ago, but we are still poor’. Analysis. Conflict, security and development, 10(1), 77–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. (2010c). Mozambique news reports & clippings, Issue 168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanlon, J. and Cunguara, B. (2010). Poverty is not being reduced in Mozambique. LSE Crisis States Research Centre. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/28467/1/WP74.2.pdf. Accessed: 15 July 2016.

  • Hanlon, J., & Smart, T. (2008). Do bicycles equal development in Mozambique? Suffolk/Rochester: James Currey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Honwana, A. M. R. M. (1996). Spiritual agency and self-renewal in Southern Mozambique (pp. 434–375). Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Social Anthropology. School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hume, C. (1994). Ending Mozambique’s war. The role of mediation and good offices. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lalá, A. (2005). DDR in Mozambique: The borderlines of the success story. In A. Fitz-Gerald & H. Mason (Eds.), From conflict to community: A combatant’s return to citizenship (pp. 155–185). Shrivenham: GFN-SSR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lalá, A. (2014). Democratisation under duress: Mozambique’s belligerent peace now. Africa@Bradford blog. http://jefcas.wordpress.com/2014/02/04/democratisation-under-duress-mozambiques-belligerent-peace-now/. Accessed 27 Feb 2014.

  • Lundin, I. B. (2004). The peace process and the construction of reconciliation post-conflict—The experience of Mozambique. Paper presented at the international seminar “experiences of penal alternatives in peace processes”, Barcelona, 27–28 February.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manning, C. (2002) The Politics of Peace in Mozambique. Post-Conflict Democratization, 1992–2000. Westport, London, Connecticut: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manning, C. (2003). Local level challenges to post-conflict peacebuilding. International Peacekeeping, 10(3), 25–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manning, C., & Malbrough, M. (2009). Learning the right lessons from Mozambique’s transition to peace. Taiwan Journal of Democracy, 5(1), 77–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martini, M. (2012). Overview of corruption and anti-corruption in Mozambique. Transparency International. http://www.transparency.org/whatwedo/answer/overview_of_corruption_and_anti_corruption_in_mozambique. Accessed 20 June 2013.

  • Maschietto, R. H. (2015). What has changed with peace? Local perceptions of empowerment in Mozambique. Journal of Peacebuilding and Development, 10(2), 20–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mazula, B. (2002). Introduction. In Mazula, B. (Coord.), Mozambique. 10 years of peace (pp. 1–6). Maputo: CEDE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morier-Genoud, E. (2009). Mozambique since 1989. Shaping democracy after socialism. In A. R. Mustapha & L. Whitfield (Eds.), Turning points in African democracy (pp. 153–166). Suffolk: James Currey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nordstrom, C. (1997). A different kind of war story. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paris, R. (2004). At war’s end. Building peace after civil conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pereira, J. (2011). Slow progress towards democratic ownership in Mozambique. Based on consultancy work by Mariam Umarji. Alliance 2015 Policy Brief. http://www.alliance2015.org/fileadmin/Texte__Pdfs/Text_Documents/Alliance2015_Democratic_Ownership_Mozambique_2011.pdf. Accessed 13 Dec 2013.

  • Pereira, J., Raimundo, I., Chikwanha, A., Saude, A., & Mattes, R. (2003). Eight years of multiparty democracy in Mozambique: The publics’s view (Afrobarometer Working Paper No. 30). http://www.afrobarometer.org/results/results-by-country-a-m/mozambique. Accessed 22 June 2013.

  • Pitcher, A. M. (2002). Transforming Mozambique. The politics of privatization, 1975–2000. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Richmond, O. P. (2011). A post-liberal peace. London/New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rupiya, M. (1998). Historical context: War and peace in Mozambique. Accord, An International Review of Peace Initiatives. In The Mozambican peace process in perspective (pp. 10–17). London: Conciliation Resources.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saul, J. S. (2011). Mozambique—Not then but now. Review of African Political Economy, 38(127), 93–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sen, A. (1999). Desenvolvimento como Liberdade. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras.

    Google Scholar 

  • Synge, R. (1997). Mozambique. UN peacekeeping in action, 1992–94. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations Development Program (UNDP). (2015). Human development report 2015. Work for human development. Briefing note for countries on the 2015 human development report, Mozambique. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/MOZ.pdf. Accessed 15 Feb 2016.

  • United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (2011) Report of the Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers, Gabriela Knaul. Addendum. Missions to Mozambique. A/HRC/17/30/Add.2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Bergh, L. (2009). Why peace worked. Mozambicans look back. Amsterdam: Association of European Parliamentarians with Africa (AWEPA).

    Google Scholar 

  • Venâncio, M. (1998). Can peace-keeping be said to have worked in Mozambique? (Bye bye ONUMOZ). In S. Chan & M. Venâncio (Eds.), War and peace in Mozambique (pp. 98–116). Basingstoke/New York: Macmillan.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Venâncio, M., & Chan, S. (1998). War and gropings towards peace. In S. Chan & M. Venâncio (Eds.), War and peace in Mozambique (pp. 1–29). Basingstoke/New York: Macmillan.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Vines, A. (2013). Renamo’s rise and decline: The politics of reintegration in Mozambique. International Peacekeeping, 20(3), 375–393.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weimer, B. (2002). Mozambique: Ten years of peace—Democracy, governance and reform. Interrogations of a privileged observer. In Mazula, B. (Coord.), (2002). Mozambique. 10 years of peace (pp. 61–86). Maputo: CEDE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weimer, B., Macuane, J. J., & Buur, L. (2012). A Economia do Political Settlement em Moçambique: Contexto e Implicações da Descentralização. In B. Weimer (org.), Moçambique: Descentralizar o Centralismo. Economia Política, Recursos e Resultados (pp. 31–75). Maputo: IESE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welzel, C., & Inglehart, R. (2008). Democracy as human empowerment: The role of ordinary people in emergence and survival of democracy. CDS Working Paper. Center for the Study of Democracy. California: University of California. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tj7c4bb. Accessed 16 Mar 2014.

  • Wilson, K. (1994). The people’s peace in Mozambique. Southern Africa Report (SAR), 9(4). http://www.africafiles.org/article.asp?ID=4008. Accessed 17 July 2016.

Legislation, Official Documents and Statements

  • Guebuza, A. E. (2005). Na Caminhada Contra a Pobreza. State of the Nation. Maputo, 6 December.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guebuza, A. E. (2006). O Combate à Pobreza: Um Desígnio Nacional. State of the Nation. Maputo, 18 December.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guebuza, A. E. (2007). Unidos, Prossigamos com a Nossa Missão, Luta contra a Pobreza. State of the Nation. Maputo, 13 December.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guebuza, A. E. (2009a). O Combate contra a Pobreza: Concentrando nossas Ações no Distrito. State of the Nation. Maputo, 22 June.

    Google Scholar 

  • Republic of Mozambique. (1992). Acordo Geral de Paz de Moçambique. Boletim da República, Suplemento, Lei n. 13/92, 14 October.

    Google Scholar 

  • Republic of Mozambique. (2010a). Pobreza e Bem-estar em Moçambique: Terceira Avaliação Nacional. Maputo: DNEAP, Ministério da Planificação e Desenvolvimento.

    Google Scholar 

  • Republic of Mozambique. (2010b). Report on the Millenium Development Goals. Maputo: Ministry of Planning and Development.

    Google Scholar 

  • Republic of Mozambique. MAE/MF/MPD. (2011). Fundo Distrital de Desenvolvimento. Manual de Procedimentos. Maputo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Republic of Mozambique (2006) Plano de Acção para Redução da Pobreza Absoluta (PARPA II) 2006-2009, Maputo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Republic of Mozambique. MF. (2006a). Ofício No. 101/GM/MF/2006. Maputo, 12 May.

    Google Scholar 

  • Republic of Mozambique. MF. (2006b). Ofício No. 37/GM/MF/06. Maputo, 11 April.

    Google Scholar 

Press

Websites

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Copyright information

© 2016 Roberta Holanda Maschietto

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Maschietto, R.H. (2016). Post-War Mozambique: Designing Peace, (Re)Distributing Power (?). In: Beyond Peacebuilding . Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94951-9_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics