Abstract
Family relationships are expected to entail emotional closeness and to offer love, care, and support to those belonging to a family (e.g., Becker and Charles 2006; Paajanen 2008; Ribbens McCarthy et al. 2003, 2012). These expectations are not dependent on the family structure because they survive family breakdown and are revived in repartnering. People living in stepfamilies also hold ‘strongly to family as a unit involving togetherness and commitment, […] dependable and long lasting’ (Ribbens McCarthy et al. 2003: 130). Expectations towards family relationships are derived from the hegemonic cultural imaginary of the family as something forever nurturing and protective and constituted through myth, ritual, and image rather than as a constellation of lived relationships involving self-interested, competitive, and divisive behaviour (Gillis 1996).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
Of those living alone, two women and three men had children who were already adults and three men had nonresident children who visited regularly.
- 2.
There was one stepfamily with only her and three with only his children; one with his and shared; eight with her and his; and three stepfamilies with her, his, and shared children.
- 3.
Information about the individuals included: age, education and occupation, place of birth, and residence; and about the relationship between the interviewee and the person mentioned: duration, context and place of first encounter, who had introduced this person to the interviewee, the nature of relationship (as an open question), its felt closeness (on a scale from 1–7 – 1 indicating very close and 7 not close at all), the frequency and the primary means of contact, as well as the context and time of the last encounter.
References
Allan, G., G. Crow, and S. Hawker. 2011. Stepfamilies. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Arránz Becker, O., N.L. Salzburger, and B. Nauck. 2013. What Narrows the Stepgap? Closeness Between Parents and Adult (Step)Children in Germany. Journal of Marriage and Family 75: 1130–1148.
Baxter, L.A., M. Mazanec, J. Nicholson, G. Pittman, K. Smith, and L. West. 1997. Everyday Loyalties and Betrayals in Personal Relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 14(5): 655–678.
Becker, B., and N. Charles. 2006. Layered Meanings: The Construction of ‘the Family’ in the Interview. Community, Work and Family 9(2): 101–122.
Borgatti, S.P., M.G. Everett, and L.C. Freeman. 2002. UCINET 6 for Windows: Software for Social Network Analysis. Lexington, KY: Analytic Technologies.
Boss, P., and J. Greenberg. 1984. Family Boundary Ambiguity: A New Variable in Family Stress Theory. Family Process 23: 535–546.
Boszormenyi-Nagy, I., and G. Spark. 1973. Invisible Loyalties: Reciprocity in Intergenerational Family Therapy. Cambridge: Harper and Row.
Braithwaite, D., L. Olson, T. Golish, C. Soukup, and P. Turman. 2001. Becoming a Family’: Developmental Processes Represented in Blended Family Discourse. Journal of Applied Communication Research 29(3): 221–247.
Cartwright, C. 2008. Resident Parent–Child Relationships in Stepfamilies. In The International Handbook of Stepfamilies: Policy and Practice in Legal, Research, and Clinical Environments, ed. J. Pryor, 208–230. New York: Wiley.
Castrén, A.-M. 2008. Post-divorce Family Configurations. In Beyond the Nuclear Family: Families in a Configurational Perspective, ed. E. Widmer, and R. Jallinoja, 233–254. Bern: Peter Lang.
Castrén, A.-M., and K. Ketokivi. 2015. Studying the Complex Dynamics of Family Relationships: A Figurational Approach. Sociological Research Online 20(1): 3.
Castrén, A.-M., and M. Lonkila. 2004. Friendship in Finland and Russia from a Micro Perspective. In Between Sociology and History. Essays on Microhistory, Collective Action, and Nation-building, ed. A.-M. Castrén, M. Lonkila, and M. Peltonen, 162–174. Helsinki: SKS.
Castrén, A.-M., and E.D. Widmer. 2015. Insiders and Outsiders in Stepfamilies: Perspectives of Adults and Children in Family Interviews. Current Sociology 63(1): 35–56.
Church, E. 1999. Who Are the People in Your Family? Stepmothers’ Diverse Notions on Kinship. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage 31: 83–105.
Delongis, A., and M. Preece. 2002. Emotional and Relational Consequences of Coping in Stepfamilies. Marriage and Family Review 34(1–2): 115–138.
Doherty, W. 1999. Divided Loyalties. Networker, 32–55.
Elias, N. 1978 [1970]. What Is Sociology? London: Hutchinson.
———. 1994 [1939]. The Civilizing Process. Oxford: Blackwell.
Elias, N., and E. Dunning. 1966. Dynamics of Sport Groups with Special Reference to Football. British Journal of Sociology 17(4): 388–401.
Emirbayer, M., and J. Goodwin. 1994. Network Analysis, Culture, and the Problem of Agency. American Journal of Sociology 99(6): 1411–1454.
Fletcher, G. 1993. Loyalty. An Essay on the Morality of Relationships. New York: Oxford University Press.
Furstenberg, F., and G. Spanier. 1987. Recycling the Family. Remarriage After Divorce. Newbury Park: Sage.
Gillis, J.R. 1996. A World of Their Own Making. Myth, Ritual, and the Quest for Family Values. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Holland, J., and R. Thompson. 2009. Gaining Perspective on Choice and Fate: Revisiting Critical Moments. European Societies 11(3): 431–450.
Ihinger-Tallman, M. 1988. Research on stepfamilies. Annual Review of Sociology 14: 25–48.
Illouz, E. 2008. Saving the Modern Soul. Therapy, Emotions and the Culture of Self-help. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.
Jamieson, L. 2005. Boundaries of Intimacy. In Families in Society: Boundaries and Relationships, ed. L. McKie, and S. Cunningham-Burley, 189–206. Bristol: Polity Press.
Ketokivi, K. 2012. The Intimate Couple, Family and the Relational Organization of Close Relationships. Sociology 46: 473–489.
Larsson Sjöberg, K. 2000. Barndom i länkade familjesystem. Om samhörighet och åtskillnad. Örebro: Örebro Universitet.
Maksimainen, J. 2010. Parisuhde ja ero. University of Helsinki, Department of Social Research.
Moran-Ellis, J., V.D. Alexander, A. Cronin, M. Dickinson, J. Fielding, J. Sleney, and H. Thomas. 2006. Triangulation and Integration: Processes, Claims and Implications. Qualitative Research 6(1): 45–59.
Nugent, C. 2010. Children’s Surnames, Moral Dilemmas: Accounting for the Predominance of Fathers’ Surnames for Children. Gender & Society 24(4): 499–525.
Paajanen, P. 2008. Mikä on minun perheeni? Perhebarometri 2007. Väestöntutkimuslaitos, Katsauksia E30/2007. Helsinki.
Ribbens McCarthy, J., R. Edwards, and V. Gillies. 2003. Making Families. Moral Tales of Parenting and Step-parenting. Durham: Sociology Press.
Ribbens McCarthy, J., M. Doolittle, and S.D. Sclater. 2012. Understanding Family Meanings. Bristol: Polity Press and the Open University.
Roseneil, S., and S. Budgeon. 2004. Cultures of Intimacy and Care Beyond ‘the Family’: Personal Life and Social Change in the Early 21st Century. Current Sociology 52(2): 135–159.
Simpson, B. 1998. Changing Families. An Ethnographic Approach to Divorce and Separation. Oxford: Berg.
Smart, C., B. Neale, and A. Wade. 2001. The Changing Experience of Childhood: Families and Divorce. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Stewart, S. 2005. Boundary Ambiguity in Stepfamilies. Journal of Family Issues 26: 1002–1029.
Widdershoven, G. 1993. The Story of Life: Hermeneutic Perspectives on the Relationship Between Narrative and Life History. The Narrative Study of Lives 1: 1–20.
Widmer, E. D., A.-M. Castrén, R. Jallinoja and K. Ketokivi. 2008. Introduction. In Beyond the Nuclear Family: Families in a Configurational Perspective, ed. E. Widmer, and R. Jallinoja, 1-10. Bern: Peter Lang.
Widmer, E. D. 2010. Family Configurations: A Structural Approach to Family Diversity. Farnham: Ashgate.
Acknowledgments
The author of the chapter is grateful to Kaisa Ketokivi for her helpful comments on the previous version of this manuscript, and to the Academy of Finland (Project 1204041) and the University of Helsinki (Project 490070) for funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2017 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Castrén, AM. (2017). Rebuilding the Family: Continuity and Change in Family Membership and Relationship Closeness in Post-Separation Situations. In: Česnuitytė, V., Lück, D., D. Widmer, E. (eds) Family Continuity and Change. Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Family and Intimate Life. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59028-2_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59028-2_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-137-59027-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-59028-2
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)