Abstract
In Chapter 8 we consider two art media that have long been threatened with extinction – film and theatre – and discuss how remediation charts their formation of a practice looking backwards and forwards, communicating histories and the future worlds of NMD. This chapter deals with questions of temporality and belatedness in NMD and considers modalities of machinic temporality through a number of examples of work that seem to betray a dramaturgical commitment to a particular form of technically enabled recursion. This chapter pursues lines of enquiry opened by Cubitt and others on the idea of time-shifting – that since the advent of the Sony Portapak in the mid 1960s, and the subsequent ubiquity of technologies like the VCR, live temporalities have been subject to varieties of shifting: rewinding and repeating, fast-forwarding, pausing, amid the presentness of ‘play’. We discuss Tacita Dean’s Event for Stage, Atom Egoyan’s Steenbeckett, and Gob Squad’s Super Night Shot, works that in different ways seem to provoke existential questions about liveness, temporality and memory. We explore how strange this quality of time can seem to be and how easily it affects us. This uncertainty is also acute in Verdonck’s End, the concluding artwork for the chapter and a pivotal work for the book as a whole. End is a performance for ‘ten figures’, five of whom are actors – the others are machines, visual effects and projections. They seem to be performing the possible final stage of a human community. The ‘starting point of END’ comes from media images of environmental catastrophe, the extinction of species, and ‘the horrors of famine and war’ (Van Kerkhoven, End, A Two Dogs Company Website d). The performance lasts one hour but has no discernable beginning or end. It is dramatically flat – there is no story, only actions, and one senses that it could easily go on into infinity.
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Notes
- 1.
Mark Walton, ‘BE KIND, REWIND – Last known VCR maker stops production, 40 years after VHS format launch’, ars technica, 21 July 2016, 10:59 p.m. http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2016/07/vcr-vhs-production-ends/. Accessed 8 March 2016.
- 2.
Dean approached English actor Stephen Dillane about making the piece after he was recommended to her by Katie Mitchell, who had directed Dillane in her 2009 production of Four Quartets.
- 3.
In the film of Event for Stage, exhibited at the Tate Modern and Marian Goodman Gallery, New York, Dillane announces each new roll of film stock at the same time as Dean’s film shows the clapperboard slamming its gate. Only once does the actor seem to express his frustration at the interruption to his process; mostly he effortlessly incorporates this information – needed by the film’s editor but of course rarely shown to the spectator – into his acting.
- 4.
The performances were adapted for radio by Radio National’s Creative Audio Unit, with the permission of the artist. It is worth noting that, in the digital, postmedia moment, the use of actual celluloid film, the flourishing of radio and podcasting, with its dialogic space of voices, and the astonishing good health of the live theatre are living proof that the materiality of performative media will not cede. Their conatus ensures their survival.
- 5.
Krapp’s tapes, of course, are also fading away and will probably need to be digitised at some point, but that is for another work to explore.
- 6.
5 October–29 November 2015. The Belgian version of Before Your Very Eyes was produced by CAMPO (Belgium) and premiered in 2011 (Gob Squad 2015a).
Bibliography
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Berardi, Franco ‘Bifo’. 2015. And. Phenomenology of the End. Los Angeles: Semiotext(e).
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References
References
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Artangel. ‘Atom Egoyan: Steenbeckett.’ Artangel Website. https://www.artangel.org.uk/project/steenbeckett/. Accessed 14 February 2016.
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Barthes, Roland. 1985. The Grain of the Voice: Interviews 1962–1980. London: Jonathan Cape.
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Beckett, Samuel. 1986. Samuel Beckett: The Complete Dramatic Works. London: Faber and Faber.
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Berardi, Franco ‘Bifo’. 2015. And. Phenomenology of the End. Los Angeles: Semiotext(e).
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Blake, Jason. 2014. ‘Event for a Stage Review: A Gripping Work of Not Quite Theatre.’ Sydney Morning Herald, 2 May 2014. http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/stage/event-for-a-stage-review-a-gripping-work-of-not-quite-theatre-20140502-37n3q.html#ixzz43DhHIN6l. Accessed 9 April 2016.
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Cubitt, Sean. 1991. Timeshift: on video culture. London and New York: Routledge.
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Dean, Tacita. 2015. Event for a Stage, 16th ed. Berlin: Berliner Festspiele.
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Egoyan, Atom. ‘Egoyan on Beckett.’ Beckett on Film Website. http://www.beckettonfilm.com/plays/krappslasttape/interview_eg.html. Accessed 10 April 2016.
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Farocki, Harun. 2015. ‘On the Documentary.’ Translated by Michael Turnbull. E-flux Journal 56th Venice Biennale. http://supercommunity.e-flux.com/texts/on-the-documentary/. Accessed 26 June 2015.
-
Felton-Dansky, Miriam. 2015. ‘“Before Your Very Eyes” – Gob Squad Toys With Our Notions of Growing Old.’ The Village Voice, 27 October 2015. http://www.villagevoice.com/arts/before-your-very-eyes-gob-squad-toys-with-our-notions-of-growing-old-7835205. Accessed 29 February 2016.
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Gob Squad. 2015a. ‘Before Your Very Eyes.’ God Squad Website. http://www.gobsquad.com/projects/before-your-very-eyes. Accessed 15 March 2016.
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Gob Squad. 2015b. Super Night Shot Press Pack. http://www.gobsquad.com/sites/default/files/presspacks/sns2015pp.pdf. Accessed 8 February 2016.
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Hansen, Mark. 2014. Feed-Forward. On the Future of Twenty-First-Century Media. Illinois: University of Chicago Press.
-
Kermode, Frank. 1967. The Sense of an Ending: Studies in the Theory of Fiction. New York: Oxford University Press.
-
Levin, Adam. 2014. ‘The Selfie in the Age of Digital Recursion.’ InVisible Culture: An Electronic Journal of Visual Culture, 20. http://ivc.lib.rochester.edu/portfolio/the-selfie-in-the-age-of-digital-recursion/. Accessed 8 June 2015.
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Marks, Kathy. 2014. ‘Tacita Dean and Stephen Dillane: “We Met as Suspicious Strangers”.’ The Guardian, 23 April 2014. http://www.theguardian.com/culture/australia-culture-blog/2014/apr/23/tacita-dean-and-stephen-dillane-we-met-as-suspicious-strangers. Accessed 10 April 2016.
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Ramirez, J. Jesse. 2010. Žižek’s Apocalypse: The End of the World or the End of Capitalism? Theory and Event 13(4). https://muse.jhu.edu/. Accessed February 17 2017.
-
Searle, Adrian. 2011. ‘Tacita Dean: Film – Review.’ The Guardian, 10 October 2011. http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/oct/10/tacita-dean-film-review. Accessed 6 April 2016.
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Suchin, Peter. 2002. ‘Atom Egoyan.’ Frieze Magazine, 05 May 2002. http://frieze.com/article/atom-egoyan. Accessed 29 March 2016.
-
Tecklenburg, Nina. 2015. ‘Reality Enchanted, Contact Mediated: A Story of Gob Squad’. TDR: The Drama Review 56(2): 8–33.
-
Van Kerkhoven, Marianne. d. ‘End.’ A Two Dogs Company Website. http://www.atwodogscompany.org/en/projects/item/160-end. Accessed 10 April 2016.
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Van Kerkhoven, Marianne, and Anoek Nuyens, eds. 2012. Listen to the Bloody Machine: Creating Kris Verdonck’s End. Utrecht: Utrecht School of the Arts.
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Eckersall, P., Grehan, H., Scheer, E. (2017). Play/Pause, FF/Rewind. End. Machine Times, End Times: Theatre, Live Film and Video. In: New Media Dramaturgy. New Dramaturgies. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55604-2_8
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