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State Weakness and Civil Society in the Philippines

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Civil Society and Mirror Images of Weak States

Part of the book series: Governance and Limited Statehood ((GLS))

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Abstract

This chapter investigates how the five categories of influences on civil society in weak states laid out in the book’s theoretical analytical framework (see Chap. 2) have influenced Philippine civil society following independence. More precisely, this empirical chapter discusses how the existence of an environment in which non-state actors perform functions normally ascribed to the state—(1) an environment of power centre competition, (2) patronage and corruption, (3) violence and insecurity, (4) international donor influences, (5) conceptualized as an intervening variable—have influenced the ability of Philippine civil society to emerge, exert political influence and promote democratization. The chapter illustrates that the weakness of the Philippine state has been conducive to the growth of civil society. At the same time, its empirical findings also show, however, that the role played by Philippine civil society in the country’s democratization process has been ambiguous. This is predominantly because, just like in the case of Bangladesh, civil society actors in the Philippines have usually lacked autonomy from alternative power centres, been involved in patronage or corruption and, at times, even endorsed the use of violence, thereby mirroring the deficits of the weak state.

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  1. German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Hamburg, Germany

    Jasmin Lorch

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Lorch, J. (2017). State Weakness and Civil Society in the Philippines. In: Civil Society and Mirror Images of Weak States. Governance and Limited Statehood. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55462-8_4

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