Abstract
The mention of tween culture engenders concerns and ongoing debates of the premature sexualisation of young girls and inappropriate messages and images that have been designed to target this age group. As a result it is difficult to recognise the girls’ agentic subject position in the face of the potentially pernicious messages and images. Yet scholars argue that pre-teen girls are not necessarily seeking a self that is sexualised or commodified but are responding to a shift in the young, feminine girlness that is allowing them to more from passive roles as consumers to exercising their own agency (Harris 2005). In this book, I have introduced the everyday lives of 13 pre-teen girls to demonstrate their agentic subject position. Important social and cultural influences in the girls’ lives have been explored as i consider how inherently entwined the girls’ consumption activities are with their desire for acceptance and to belong in their own local, social worlds.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aapola, S., M. Gonick, and A. Harris. 2005. Young Femininity, Girlhood, Power and Social Change. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
Australian Communications and Media Authority. 2013a. Like, Post, Share: Young Australians’ Experience of Social Media Quantitative Research Report, ACMA, Viewed 20 Jan 2016. http://www.acma.gov.au/~/media/mediacomms/Report/pdf.
———. 2013b. Australian Communications and Media Authority, Like, Post, Share: Young Australians’ Experience of Social Media Qualitative Research Report, ACMA, Viewed 30 Jan 2016. http://www.acma.gov.au/~/media/mediacomms/Report/pdf.
Bond, E. 2010a. Managing Mobile Relationships: Children’s Perceptions of the Impact of the Mobile Phone on Relationships in Their Everyday Lives. Childhood 17(4): 514–529.
———. 2010b. The Mobile Phone = Bike Shed? Children, Sex and Mobile Phones. New Media & Society 13(4): 587–604.
Boyd, D. 2008. Why Youth (love) Social Network Sites: The Role of Networked Publics in Teenage Social Life. In Youth Identity and Digital Media, ed. D. Buckingham. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
———. 2014. It’s Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Campbell, S., and Y. Park. 2014. Predictors of Mobile Sexting Among Teens: Toward a New Explanatory Framework. Mobile Media & Communication 2(1): 20–39.
Chan, K., B. Tufte, G. Cappello, and R. Williams. 2011. “Tween Girls” Perception of Gender Roles and Gender Identities: A Qualitative Study. Young Consumers 12(1): 66–81.
Cody, K. 2012. “BeTween Two Worlds”: Critically Exploring Marketing Segmentation and Liminal Consumers. Young Consumers: Insight and Ideas for Responsible Marketers 13(3): 284–302.
Cook, D., and S. Kaiser. 2004. Betwixt and Be Tween. Journal of Consumer Culture 4(3): 203–227.
Drake-Bridges, E., and B. Burgess. 2010. Personal Preferences of Tween Shoppers. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 1(4): 624–633.
Driscoll, C. 2008. Girls Today: Girls, Girls Culture and Girl Studies. Girlhood Studies 1(1): 13–32.
George, R. 2007. Girls in a Goldfish Bowl: Moral Regulation, Ritual and the Use of Power Amongst Inner City Girls. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
Goodenow, C. 1993. Classroom Belonging Among Early Adolescent Students: Relationships to Motivation and Achievement. Journal of Early Adolescence 13(1): 21–43.
Government of Canada. 2015. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children in Canada: Focus on Relationshipsi, Viewed 3 June 2016. http://healthycanadians.gc.ca/publications/science-research-sciences-recherches/health-behaviour-children-canada-2015-comportements-sante-jeunes/index-eng.php.
Hamilton, M. 2008. What’s Happening to Our Girls. Melbourne: Viking, Penguin Books.
Hamm, J., and B. Faircloth. 2005. The Role of Friendship in Adolescents’ Sense of School Belonging. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development 107(Spring): 61–78.
Harris, A. 2004. Future Girl: Young Women in the Twenty-First Centre. New York: Routledge.
———. 2005. In a Girlie World: Tweenies in Australia. In Seven going on Seventeen: Tween Studies in the Culture of Girlhood, ed. C. Mitchell, and J. Reid-Walsh. New York: Peter Lang.
Hey, V. 1997. The Company She Keeps: An Ethnography of Girls’ Friendships. Buckingham UK: Open University Press.
Holloway, S., and G. Valentine (ed). 2000. Children’s Geographies and the New Social Studies of Childhood. Oxon UK: Routledge.
Hopkins, S. 2002. Girl Heroes: The New Force in Popular Culture. Sydney: Pluto Press Australia.
Inyang, I., G. Benke, C. Dimitriadis, P. Simpson, R. McKenzie, and M. Abramson. 2010. Predictors of Mobile Telephone Use and Exposure Analysis in Australian Adolescents. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 46: 226–233.
Jennings, N. 2014. Tween Girls and Their Mediated Friends. New York: Peter Lang.
Kehily, M.J, and A. Nayak. 2008, September. Global Femininities: Consumption, Culture and the Significance of Place. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 29(3):325–342.
Lamb, S., and L. Brown. 2006. Packaging Girlhood: Rescuing Our Daughters from Marketers Schemes. New York: St Martin’s Press.
Linn, S. 2005. Consuming Kids: Protecting Our Children from the Onslaught of Marketing and Advertising. New York: Anchor Books.
Lundby, E. 2013. ‘You Can’t buy Friends, but …’ Children’s Perception of Consumption and Friendship. Young Consumers 14(4): 360–374.
Mathiesen, K. 2013. The Internet, Children, and Privacy: the case Against Parental Monitoring. Ethics Inf Technol 5: 263–274.
McLeod, J., and L. Yates. 2006. Making Modern Lives. Albany: State University of New York Press.
McRobbie, A. 1994. Postmodernism and Popular Culture. London: Routledge.
———. 2008. Young Women and Consumer Culture. Cultural Studies 22(5): 531–550.
Miles, S. 2010. Spaces for Consumption. London: Sage Publications.
Minahan, S., and P. Huddleston. 2010. Shopping with Mum—Mother and Daughter Consumer Socialization. Young Consumers: Insight and Ideas for Responsible Marketers 11(3): 170–177.
Nayak, A. 2003. Race, Place and Globalization: Youth Cultures in a Changing World. Oxford UK: Berg.
Nayak, A., and M. Kehily. 2013. Gender, Youth & Culture: Global Masculinities & Femininities, Second edn. London: Palgrave MacMillan.
NSW Commission for Children and Young People. 2005. A World Fit for Children: June Summary Report, Viewed 14 June 2010. www.aph.gov.au/senate/committee/eca_ctte/sexualisation_of_children/report/index.html.
Ofcom 2013. Children and Parents: Media Use and Attitudes Report, Viewed 14 Mar 2016. http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/media-literacy/october-2013/research07Oct2013.pdf.
———. 2015. Children and Parents: Media Use and Attitudes Report, Viewed 9 May 2016. http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/media-literacy/children-parents-nov-15/childrens_parents_nov2015.pdf.
Osterman, K. 2000. Students’ Need for Belonging in the School Community. Review of Educational Research 70(3): 323–367.
Pea, R., C. Nass, L. Meheula, M. Rance, A. Kumar, H. Bamford, M. Nass, A. Simha, B. Stillerman, S. Yang, and M. Zhou. 2012. Media Use, Face-to-Face Communication, Media Multitasking, and Social Well-being Among 8- to 12-Year-Old Girls. Developmental Psychology 48(2): 327–336.
Pomerantz, S. 2008. Girls, Style, and School Identities: Dressing the Part. Sydney: Allen and Unwin.
Pugh, A. 2009. Longing and Belonging: Parents, Children and Consumer Culture. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Raising Children’s Network. 2016c. Social Networking, RCN, Viewed 2 Feb 2016. http://raisingchildren.net.au/articles/social_networking.html/context.1105.
Ringrose, J, R. Gill, S. Livingstone and L. Harvey. 2012. A Qualitative Study of Children, Young People and ‘Sexting’, A Report Prepared for the NSPCC, Viewed 4 Jan 2016. https://www.nspcc.org.uk/services-and-resources/research-and-resources/pre-2013/qualitative-study-sexting.
Robards, B. 2012. Leaving Myspace, Joining Facebook: ‘Growing up’ on Social Network Sites. Continuum 26(3): 385–398.
Russell, F., and M. Tyler. 2005. Branding and Bricolage: Gender Consumption and Transition. Childhood 12: 221–237.
The Children’s Society. 2009. The Good Childhood Inquiry, Viewed 19 Jan 2016. http://childrenssociety.org.uk/what-we-do/research/good-childhood-inquiry.
The Senate. 2008. Sexualisation of Children in the Contemporary Media, Viewed 21 Feb 2009. http://www.aph.gov.au/senate/committee/eca_ctte/sexualisation_of_children/report/report.pdf.
Thorne, B. 1993. Gender Play: Girls and Boys at School. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Valentine, G. 2001. Social Geographies: Space & Society. Essex UK: Pearson Education Ltd.
Walkerdine, V. 1990. Dreams from an Ordinary Childhood. In Schoolgirl Fictions, ed. V. Walkerdine. London: Verso.
Wyn, J., S. Lantz, and A. Harris. 2012. Beyond the ‘Transitions’ Metaphor: Family Relations and Young People in Late Modernity. Journal of Sociology 48(3): 3–22.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2016 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
MacDonald, F. (2016). Conclusion: Family, Media, and Locality. In: Childhood and Tween Girl Culture. Studies in Childhood and Youth. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55130-6_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55130-6_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-137-55129-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-55130-6
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)