Skip to main content

Directing Modernist Spirituality: Evelyn Underhill, the Subliminal Consciousness and Spiritual Direction

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Modernist Women Writers and Spirituality

Abstract

Outlining an alternative trajectory for modernist spirituality to that traced in Pericles Lewis’s Religious Experience and the Modernist Novel (2010), I argue that modernist religious thought, far from playing heir to the long march of secularization, was in fact conditioned by a late-nineteenth-century cultural crisis that issued in a range of religious experiments and renewals, one of which was Evelyn Underhill’s Mysticism: A Study in the Nature and Development of Man’s Spiritual Consciousness (1911), a text that not only brought together mystical traditions and scientific discoveries, but also used this interdisciplinary remit to counter existing secularizing perspectives. An important dimension of Underhill’s work was its collaborative nature; it offers, I argue, not access to rarefied enlightenment, but rather a bold attempt to navigate a treacherous religious landscape.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 95.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  • Anderson, Elizabeth. 2013. H.D. and Modernist Religious Imagination: Mysticism and Writing. London: Bloomsbury Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ardis, Ann. 2002. Modernism and Cultural Conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, Matthew.1888. “The Study of Poetry.” In Essays in Criticism, 1–56. Second Series. London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Banfield, Ann. 2014. “Cambridge Bloomsbury.” In The Cambridge Companion to the Bloomsbury Group, edited by Victoria Rosner, 33–56. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Di Battista, Maria. 2009. “Realism and Rebellion in Edwardian and Georgian Fiction.” In The Cambridge Companion to the Twentieth-Century English Novel, edited by Robert L. Caserio, 40–55. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Butts, Mary. 1927. Armed with Madness. London: Wishart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charbonnier, Nestor. 1875. Maladies etfacultésdiverses des mystiques. Bruxelles: Manceaux.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Arcy, Martin. 1934. The Nature of Belief. London: Sheed & Ward.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delacroix, Henri. 1908. Études d'histoireet de psychologie du mysticisme; les grands mystiques chrétiens. Paris: F. Alcan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eliot, T. S.. 1951. “Arnold and Pater.” In Selected Essays, 431–443. London: Faber & Faber.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1994. The Varieties of Metaphysical Poetry. Edited by Ronald Schuchard. London: Faber & Faber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fordham, Finn. 2013. “Between Theological and Cultural Modernism: The Vatican’s Oath Against Modernism September 1910.” Literature and History 22: 8–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freidman, Susan Stanford. 1987. “Against Discipleship: Collaboration and Intimacy in the Relationship of H.D. and Freud.” Literature and Psychology 33: 89–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greene, Dana. 1990. Evelyn Underhill: Artist of Infinite Life. New York: Crossroads.

    Google Scholar 

  • Griffin, Roger. 2007. Modernism and Fascism: The Sense of a Beginning under Mussolini and Hitler. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • H.D. 2012b. Tribute to Freud. New York: New Directions.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, Deborah. 1994. “Feminist Criticism/Cultural Studies/Modernist Texts: A Manifesto for the ’90s.” In Rereading Modernism: New Directions in Feminist Criticism, edited by Lisa Rado, 273–98. London: Garland.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, William.1902. The Varieties of Religious Experience. London: Longmans.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jantzen, Grace M. 1993. “The Legacy of Evelyn Underhill.” Feminist Theology 2: 79–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Joffe, Aaron. 2005. Modernism and the Culture of Celebrity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joyce, James. 1963. Stephen Hero. Edited by Theodore Spencer and John J. Slocum. New York: New Directions.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, Edward F. and Emily Williams Kelly. 2010. Irreducible Mind: Toward a Psychology for the 21st Century. Plymouth: Rowman & Littlefield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kripal, Jeffrey J. 2010. Authors of the Impossible: The Paranormal and the Sacred. London: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lash, Nicholas. 1988. Easter in Ordinary: Reflections on Human Experience and the Knowledge. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leavis, F.R. 1975. The Living Principle: “English” as a Discipline of Thought. London: Chatto & Windus.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leslie, Shane. 1915. “The Cambridge Apostleship.” In Memorials of Robert Hugh Benson, edited by. B.W. Cornish and Shane Leslie, vol. 2, 47–69. London: Burns and Oates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, Pericles. 2010. Religious Experience and the Modernist Novel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Loy, Mina. 1996. The Lost Lunar Baedeker: Poems of Mina Loy. Edited by Roger L. Conover. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luckhurst, Roger. 2010. “Religion, Psychical Research, Spiritualism and the Occult.” In The Oxford Handbook of Modernisms, edited by Peter Brooker, et. al., 429–44. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maeterlinck, Maurice. 1897. “The Awakening of the Soul” in The Treasure of the Humble, trans. Alfred Sutro. New York: Dodd Mead, pp. 23–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martindale, C.C. 1916. The Life of Monsignor Robert Hugh Benson. London: Longmans Green.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mazzoni, Cristina. 1996. Saint Hysteria: Neurosis, Mysticism, and Gender in European Culture. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGinn, Bernard. 2005. The Harvest of Mysticism in Medieval Germany. Vo.l IV of The Presence of God: A History of Western Mysticism, 5 vols. New York: Crossroads

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2013. “‘The Violent Are Taking It by Storm’ (Mt. 11:12): Reflections on a Century of Women’s Contributions to the Study of Mystical.” Spiritus: A Journal of Christian Spirituality 13: 17–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noel Evans, Martha. 1993. Fits and Starts: A Genealogy of Hysteria in Modern France. London: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pound, Ezra. 1960. “How to Read.” In Literary Essays of Ezra Pound, edited by T.S. Eliot, 15–40. London: Faber & Faber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sabatier, Louis Auguste. 1904. The Religions of Authority and the Religion of the Spirit. Translated by Louise Seymour Houghton. London: Williams & Norgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, Leigh Eric. 2003. “The Making of Modern ‘Mysticism.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion 71: 273–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spurr, Barry. 2010. “Anglo-Catholic in Religion”: T.S. Eliot and Christianity. Cambridge: Lutterworth Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taves, Ann. 1999. Fits, Trances and Visions: Experiencing Religion and Explaining Experience from Wesley to James. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Underhill, Evelyn. 1911. Mysticism: A Study in the Nature and Development of Man’s Spiritual Consciousness 3rd ed. New York: Dutton.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1930. Mysticism: A Study in the Nature and Development of Man’s Spiritual Consciousness 12th ed. New York: Dutton.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2010. The Making of a Mystic: New and Selected Letters of Evelyn Underhill. Edited by Carol Poston. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vetter, Lara. 2010. Modernist Writing and Religio-Scientific Discourse: H.D., Loy and Toomer. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Warner, Sylvia Townsend. 1927. Mr. Fortune’s Maggot. New York: Viking Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, Charles. 1943. “Introduction.” In The Letters of Evelyn Underhill, edited by Charles Williams, 7–45. London: Longman Green.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolf, Virginia. 1929. “Modern Fiction.” In The Common Reader, 184–95. London: Hogarth Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2016 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Callison, J. (2016). Directing Modernist Spirituality: Evelyn Underhill, the Subliminal Consciousness and Spiritual Direction. In: Anderson, E., Radford, A., Walton, H. (eds) Modernist Women Writers and Spirituality. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53036-3_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics