Abstract
Portnoi establishes the central foundations of public policy, and considers the ideological and political nature of policymaking. Public policies provide governments with the opportunity to publicly declare their priorities, while the absence of a policy indicates lack of commitment to a specific issue. Portnoi outlines theories and models related to the formation of public policies, including the influential policy process model and the four stages of policy borrowing model, which stems from the field of comparative education. Top-down and bottom-up approaches to policymaking are also discussed, as is the role of street-level bureaucrats. Given the influence of global governance organizations, Portnoi considers the question of coercion versus agency in implementing policies, highlighting that both are possible.
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Portnoi, L.M. (2016). Educational Reform Processes in a Globalized World. In: Policy Borrowing and Reform in Education. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53024-0_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53024-0_5
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