Skip to main content

The Marketplace of Emotions

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Politics of Emotions, Candidates, and Choices

Abstract

This chapter promotes the position that political campaigns are the marketplace for emotions. Feelings are important in the cognitive process and to decision making. Key literature that established the connection between feeling and thinking is explored in addition to how political campaigns facilitate an environment specifically designed to activate this nexus between feelings and decisions. Every political campaign is contextually unique and therefore certain circumstances may invoke different feelings about candidates and political issues altogether. The political campaign is conceptually deconstructed to its basic elements and explored for its strategic endeavors to frame choices for voters in ways that elicit specific emotions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bartels, Larry M. 2002. Beyond the running tally: Partisan bias in political perceptions. Political Behavior 24(June): 117–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bartsch, Anne, Peter Vorderer, Roland Mangold, and Reinhold Viehoff. 2008. Appraisal of emotions in media use: Toward a process model of meta-emotion and emotion regulation. Media Psychology 11: 7–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bernhardt, Dan, Stefan Krasa, and Mattias Polborn. 2008. Political polarization and the electoral effects of media bias. Journal of Public Economics 92(June): 1092–1104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bollen, Johan, Alberto Pepe, and Huina Mao. 2011. Modeling public mood and emotion: Twitter sentiment and socio-economic phenomena at the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence Conference on Weblogs and Social Media 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradley, Margaret M., Bruce N. Cuthbert, and Peter J. Lang. 1996. Picture media and emotion: Effects of a sustained affective context. Psychophysiology 33(November): 662–670.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brader, T. (2005). Striking a Responsive Chord: How Political Ads Motivate and Persuade Voters by Appealing to Emotions. American Journal of Political Science, 49(2), 388–405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brants, K. (1998). Who’s afraid of infotainment?. European Journal of Communication, 13(3), 315–335.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brehm, Jack W. 1999. The intensity of emotion. Personality and Social Psychology Review 3: 2–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brians, Craig Leonard, and Martin P. Wattenberg. 1996. Campaign issues knowledge and salience: Comparing reception from TV commercials, TV news and newspapers. American Journal of Political Science 40(February): 172–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, David E. 2007a. The 2004 election: A matter of faith?. In A matter of faith, ed. David Campbell. Washington DC: The Brookings Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, David E. (ed.). 2007b. A matter of faith. Washington DC: The Brookings Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, James E. 2007. Do swing voters swing elections?. In Swing voters in American politics, ed. William G. Mayer. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, A., Miller, W, Converse, and P. Stokes. 1960. The American voter. New York: Wiley Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caprara, Gian Vittorio, Shalom Schwartz, Cristina Capanna, Michele Vecchione, and Claudio Barbaranelli. 2006. Personality and politics: Values, traits, and political choice. Political Psychology 27(August): 1–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caprara, Gian Vittorio, et al. 2007. Voters’ personality traits in presidential elections. Personality and Individual Differences 42(May): 1199–1208.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ceaser, J. W., & Busch, A. (2005). Red over blue: The 2004 elections and American politics. Rowman & Littlefield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ceaser, James W., Andrew E. Busch, and John J. Pitney Jr. 2013. After hope and change: The 2012 elections and American politics. New York: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chong, Dennis, and James N. Druckman. 2007. A theory of framing and opinion formation in competitive elite environments. Journal of Communication 57: 99–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahl, Robert. 1998. On democracy. Hartford: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gentzkow, Matthew, and Jess M. Shapiro. 2005. Media bias and reputation. Journal of Political Economy 114(April): 280–316.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gerber, Alan S., et al. 2011. Personality traits and participation in political processes. Journal of Politics 73(July): 692–706.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, E., & Karahalios, K. (2009, April). Predicting tie strength with social media. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 211–220). ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grabe, Maria Elizabeth, Shuhua Zhou, and Brooke Barnett. 2001. Explicating sensationalism in television news: Content and the bells and whistles of form. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 45: 635–655.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Granberg, Donald, and Thad A. Brown. 1989. On affect and cognition in politics. Social Psychology Quarterly 52: 171–182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Green, Donald, Bradley Palmquist, and Eric Schickler. 2002. Partisan hearts and minds. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenstein, Fred I. 1967. The impact of personality on politics: An attempt to clear away underbrush. The American Political Science Review 61(September): 629–641.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inhelder, Barbel, et al. 1958. The growth of logical thinking: From childhood to adolescence: An essay on the construction of formal operational structures. In The oscillation of a pendulum and the operations of exclusion, ed. Barbel Inhelder and Jean Piaget. New York: Basic Books.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson, Gary C. 2005. Polarized politics and the 2004 congressional and presidential elections. Political Science Quarterly 120(summer):199–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson, Gary C. 2007. A divider, not a uniter. George W. Bush and the American people. Boston: Pearson Longman Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson-Cartee, Karen S., and Gary Copeland. 1997. Manipulation of the American voter: Political campaign commercials. Westport, Conn: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, Anne, and Lynda Lee Kaid. 2002. Image ads and issue ads in U.S. presidential advertising: Using video style to explore stylistic differences in televised political ads from 1952 to 2000. Journal of Communication 52(June): 281–300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaid, Lynda Lee, Chris M. Leland, and Susan Whitney. 1992. The impact of televised political ads: Evoking viewer responses in the 1988 presidential campaign. Southern Communication Journal 57(April): 285–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kinder, Donald R. 1986. Presidential character revisited. In Political cognition, ed. Richard Lau and David Sears. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuklinski, J. H., & Quirk, P. J. (2000). Reconsidering the rational public: Cognition, heuristics, and mass opinion. Elements of reason: Cognition, choice, and the bounds of rationality, 153–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuklinski, J. H., & Quirk, P. J. (2001). Conceptual foundations of citizen competence. Political Behavior, 23(3), 285–311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lang, A., Newhagen, J., & Reeves, B. (1996). Negative video as structure: Emotion, attention, capacity, and memory. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 40(4), 460–477.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lau, Richard, and David Redlawsk. 2006. How voters decide: Information processing during election campaigns. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Light, M. (2000). Information War. The World Today, 56(2), 10–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Lyons, M. (1997). Presidential character revisited. Political Psychology, 18(4), 791–811.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcus, G. E., & MacKuen, M. B. (1993). Anxiety, enthusiasm, and the vote: the emotional underpinnings of learning and involvement during presidential campaigns. American Political Science Review, 87(03), 672–685.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcus, George E. 1988. The structure of emotional response: 1984 presidential candidates. American Political Science Review 82(September): 728–761, 737–761.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcus, George E. 2000. Emotions in politics. Annual Review of Political Science 3: 221–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marcus, George E. 2002. The sentimental citizen: Emotion in democratic politics. University Park: Penn State Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcus, Geoge E., W. Russell Neuman, and Michael Mackuen. 2000. Affective intelligence and political judgment. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Redlawsk, David P. 2006. Feeling politics: New research into emotion and politics. In Feeling politics: Emotion in political information processing. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Redlawsk, D. P. (2007, September). Understanding vs. prediction in candidate evaluation. In annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association and at the annual meeting of the International Society of Political Psychology, Portland, OR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudd, Robert. 1986. Issues as image in political campaign commercials. Western Journal of Speech Communication 50(June): 102–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sabato, Larry J. 2006. Divided states of America: The slash and burn politics of the 2004 presidential election. Boston: Pearson Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scher, Richard. 1997. The modern political campaign: Mudslinging, bombast, and the vitality of American politics. New York: M.E. Sharp, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, S.H. 1992. Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical and empirical tests in 20 countries. In Advances in experimental social psychology, ed. M.P. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sides, John, Daron Shaw, Matt Grossmann, and Keena Lipsitz. 2015. Campaigns and elections, 2nd ed. New York; W.W. Norton and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sniderman, Paul. 1975. Personality and democratic politics. Los Angeles: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vermeer, Jan P. 1995. In “media” res: Readings in mass media and American politics. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, David, and Auke Tellegen. 1985. Toward a consensual structure of mood. Psychological Bulletin 98(September): 219–235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Westen, Drew. 2007. The political brain: The role of emotion in deciding the fate of the nation. New York: Perseus Book Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, Timothy D., and Yoav Bar-Anan. 2008. The unseen mind. Science 321: 1046–1047.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Winter, D. G. (1987). Leader appeal, leader performance, and the motive profiles of leaders and followers: A study of American presidents and elections. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52(1), 196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wirth, Werner, and Holger Schramm. 2005. Media and emotions. Quarterly Review of Communication Research 24: 3–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zajonc, R.B. 1980. Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences. American Psychologist 35: 151–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Copyright information

© 2016 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Yates, H.E. (2016). The Marketplace of Emotions. In: The Politics of Emotions, Candidates, and Choices. Palgrave Pivot, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-51527-8_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics