Abstract
Scandinavia stands out in being among the richest regions of the world, a good example of politically and economically stable democracy. Scandinavians are experts in modernity and in steady and gradual adaptation to changes in the environment, be it in the economy, in technology or in climate changes. In spite of great differences in geography and natural resources, the three countries, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, represent an excellent example of a country cluster. Indeed they share values and attitudes in many spheres of life. All three countries have gone through a historic development from autocracy to participation at all levels of society. Of special interest are how they manage the labor market and the organizational level. In people management and interpersonal behavior Scandinavians differ from most others.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsBibliography
Andersen, B.R. 1991. Velfærdsstaten i Danmark og Europa. Copenhagen: Fremad.
Fivelsdal, E., and J. Schramm-Nielsen. 1993. Egalitarianism at Work: Management in Denmark. In Management in Western Europe, ed. David J. Hickson, 27–45. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Global Competitiveness Report. 2016–2017. World Economic Forum, Competitiveness Rankings.
Globalis.dk. 2017. FN-forbundet i Norge (UN Association in Norway). Mail: fnforbundet@fnforbundet.dk.
Haire, M., et al. 1966. Managerial Thinking: An International Study. New York: Wiley.
Hofstede, G. 1980. Cultures Consequences. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Hofstede, G. 2001. Culture’s Consequences―International Differences in Work-related Values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Ibsen, F. 1997. The Role of the State in Industrial Relations in the Nordic Countries. In The Role of the State in Industrial Relations. The Official Proceedings of the Fifth IIRA European Regional Industrial Relations Congress, vol. 3, ed. J. Browne. Dublin: Oak Tree Press.
Larsen, Henrik Holt, Jette Schramm-Nielsen, and Inger Stensaker. 2011. Talent Development as an Alternative to Orthodox Career Thinking: the Scandinavian Case. In The Oxford Handbook of Lifelong Learning, ed. Manuel London, 329–344. New York: Oxford University Press.
Monday Morning. 2009. The Danish Secret, Special ed. Copenhagen: The Leading Independent Think Tank in Scandinavia.
Nedström, C. 2000. Sweden in Europe. In European Business Cultures, ed. R. Crane. Harlow: Pearson Education.
OECD. 2016. Education at a Glance. 2016. OECD Indicators. Paris: OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.187/eag-2016-en.
OECD Stat. 2017. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Labor. Trade union density. https://data.oecd.org.
Office Fédéral de la Statistique, SILC. 2016. Confiance dans le institutions.
Schramm-Nielsen, J. 2002. Management in Denmark. In International Encyclopedia of BUSINESS & Management, ed. Malcolm Warner. London: Thomson Learning.
Schramm-Nielsen, J., and P. Lawrence. 1998. Scandinavian Management, A Cultural Homogeneity Beyond the Nation State. In Entreprises et Histoire, no. 18. Paris: ESKA.
Schramm-Nielsen, et al. 2004. Management in Scandinavia, Culture, Context and Change. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Sønderskov, Kim Mannemar, and Peter Thisted Dinesen. 2014. Danish Exceptionalism: Explaining the Unique Increase in Social Trust over the Past 30 Years. European Sociological Review 30 (6): 782–795.
Tamm, Ditlev. 2016. Hvorfor er vi så glade for staten? København: Eksistensen.
Transparency International. 2016. Corruption Perception Index.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schramm-Nielsen, J. (2018). Scandinavia: Europe’s Advanced North. In: Crane, R. (eds) The Influence of Business Cultures in Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50929-1_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50929-1_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-137-50927-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-50929-1
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)