Skip to main content

Case Study 1: The ‘Crime’ of Apostasy

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Towards a Malaysian Criminology

Abstract

This chapter explores the first of three focused case studies in the text. The issue of apostasy in Malaysia has prompted significant global interest but the focus of the chapter is the specific legal treatment in Syariah as interpreted by the State of Negeri Sembilan. The chapter provides a detailed analysis of the legal treatment of ‘apostates’ or applications from those wishing ‘to leave Islam’. It highlights a departure from classical Islamic jurisprudence in the use of the category of temporary Muslim or muallaf coupled by intrusive powers granted to officials to determine religious belief and practice. The case study has prompted significant enquiry about the conflicting nature of legal pluralism and freedom of conscience but also issues of intolerance, punitive Islamisation and authoritarianism in Malaysia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    For a more detailed discussion of the cases see Samuri and Quraishi (2014).

  2. 2.

    Meaning a recent convert or ‘Temporary Muslim’ and according to the Shafi’i School of thought one who has been the recipient of alms to strengthen their faith.

References

  • Adil, M. A. M. (2005). Punishment for Apostasy: Conflict Between the Right to Freedom of Religion and Criminal Sentence, A Case Study in Malaysia. Jurnal CITU. Retrieved November 14, 2019, from www.core.ac.uk/download/pdf/78276405.pdf.

  • Ahmad, A. M., Masum, A., & Ayus, A. N. (2016). Freedom of Religion and Apostasy: The Malaysian Experience. Human Rights Quarterly, 38, 736–553.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alalwani, T. J. (2011). Apostasy in Islam: A Historical and Scriptural Analysis. London and Washington, DC: International Institute of Islamic Thought.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamayotsu, K. (2012). Once a Muslim, Always a Muslim: The Politics of State Enforcement of Syriah in Contemporary Malaysia. South East Asia Research, 20(3), 399–421.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffstaedter, G. (2013). Islam and Freedom of Religion: Anthropology, Theology and Clashes of Universalism in Contemporary Malaysia. The Australian Journal of Anthropology, 24, 270–289.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hussin, I. (2008–2009). Islam, Ethnicity and the Problem of Mixed Legality: Two Malaysian Cases. Year Book of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law, 14, 83–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ismail, N., Rahman, A. A., & Hasan, Z. (2016). The Conversion Procedure of Muallaf in Negeri Sembilan: Issues and Challenges. Journal of Global Business and Social Entrepreneurship (GBSE), 2(3), 83–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kassim, S. B. M., Abdullah, M. S. Y., & Baba, Z. (2013). A Survey of Problems Faced by Converts to Islam in Malaysia. e-BANGI, BANGI, 8(1), 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuga Thas, A. M. (2013). Othering the Malay in Malaysia: A Planned Consequence of Politics? The Asian Conference on Arts & Humanities 2013: The Official Conference Proceedings 2013, The International Academic Forum (IAFOR), Osaka, Japan, pp. 55–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kusrin, Z. (2006). Conversion to Islam in Relation to Divorce in Malaysian Family Law. Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations, 17(3), 307–315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kusrin, Z. M., & Muda, M. Z. (2009). Conversion of Minors to Islam in Malaysia. Religion and Human Rights, 4(2–3), 107–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma, R. W. (2005). Shifting Identities: Chinese Muslims in Malaysia. Asian Ethnicity, 6(2), 89–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Majid, A., Yogamalar, S., French, J. A., & Bakar, S. S. (2015). Apostasy in Islam and Identity Cards in Malaysia. Common Law World Review, 44(4), 298–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamad, A., Rashid, R. A., Yunus, K., Musa, R., Darus, S., Rahman, S. B. A., et al. (2013). A Review of Apostasy Cases in Malaysia. Man in India, 97(16), 297–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Negeri Sembilan Mufti Department. (2013). The Official Portal of Negeri Sembilan Mufti Department. Retrieved November 23, 2013, from http://www.muftins.gov.my/.

  • Nelson, M. J., & Shah, D. A. H. (2018). Operationalizing and Regulating Religious Freedom: Apostasy and Administrative ‘Reasonableness’ in Malaysia and Beyond. International Journal of Constitutional Law, 16(4), 1293–1321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samuri, M. A. A., & Quraishi, M. (2014). Negotiating Apostasy: Application to Leave Islam in Malaysia. Islam, Muslim-Christian Relations Journal. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2014.907054.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shuaib, F. S. (2008). Powers and Jurisdiction of Syariah Courts in Malaysia (2nd ed.). Petaling Jaya: LexisNexis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, P. S. (2004). Speak No Evil: Apostasy, Blasphemy and Heresy in Malaysian Syariah Law. U.C. Davis Journal of International Law and Policy, 10(2), 357–404.

    Google Scholar 

  • Utusan Melayu. (2009). MAIS dapat hak urus mayat Mohan Singh. Retrieved November 20, 2012, from http://www.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2009&dt=0604&pub=utusan_malaysia&sec=Terkini&pg=bt_12.htm.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muzammil Quraishi .

Copyright information

© 2020 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Quraishi, M. (2020). Case Study 1: The ‘Crime’ of Apostasy. In: Towards a Malaysian Criminology. Palgrave Advances in Criminology and Criminal Justice in Asia. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-49101-5_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-49101-5_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-137-49100-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-137-49101-5

  • eBook Packages: Law and CriminologyLaw and Criminology (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics