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Lead’s Life and Times (Part Two): The Woman in the Wilderness

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Jane Lead and her Transnational Legacy

Part of the book series: Christianities in the Trans-Atlantic World, 1500-1800 ((CTAW))

Abstract

Covering the period from 1670 to 1695—that is from the beginning of Lead’s widowhood until she went blind—this chapter focusses as much on extensive and overlapping domestic and continental networks of assorted millenarians, prophets, theosophists and devotees of mystic and spiritualist authors generally as on Lead herself. It also traces an evolution of Lead’s thought as she came under successive influences and began to develop her own distinctive beliefs. This was a religious journey with staging posts: an initial Calvinist obsession with sin and predestination wedded to a conventional Protestant understanding of the coming apocalypse; then the introduction of Jacob Boehme’s teachings and accompanying visions of a female personification of divine wisdom; finally, the adoption, albeit with inconsistencies, of the doctrine of the universal restoration of all humanity. It was the last together with Lead’s apparent dependence upon visions and revelations that repulsed certain former admirers of her writings, turning them into some of Lead’s most vehement critics.

I am grateful to Olaf Simmons and Andrew Weeks for their help with the German; to Jane Ruddell, archivist of the Mercers’ Company; and to Guido Naschert and Mirjam de Baar for information concerning Friedrich Breckling and Tanneke Denijs respectively. I have also profited from the advice of Lorenza Gianfrancesco and Lionel Laborie but remain responsible for any mistakes or shortcomings.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    ‘Lebenslauff’, pp. 419–20; Jane Lead, The Tree of Faith (1696), pp. 2–3.

  2. 2.

    Jane Lead, A Fountain of Gardens (1697), vol. 1, pp. 17–21; Jane Lead, The Laws of Paradise (1695), preface.

  3. 3.

    Cf. Thune, Behmenists, p. 175.

  4. 4.

    Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 833, fols. 63r–64r; Richard Roach, The Great Crisis (1725), pp. 98–99; Ariel Hessayon, ‘Pordage, John (bap. 1607, d. 1681)’, ODNB; Ariel Hessayon, ‘Bromley, Thomas (bap. 1630, d. 1691)’, ODNB; Ariel Hessayon, ‘Brice, Edmund (fl. 1648–1696)’, ODNB; Ariel Hessayon, ‘Gold Tried in the Fire’. The Prophet TheaurauJohn Tany and the English Revolution (Aldershot, 2007), pp. 194–200, 317–23.

  5. 5.

    DWL, MS Baxter, Treatises III 67, fol. 302v; Richard Baxter, The Vnreasonableness of Infidelity (1655), part iii, p. 156; Richard Baxter, A Key for Catholics (1659), p. 331; Richard Baxter, Reliquiæ Baxterianiæ, ed. Matthew Sylvester (1696), book 1, pp. 77–78.

  6. 6.

    ‘Lebenslauff’, p. 420.

  7. 7.

    J[ane] L[ead], prefatory epistle to John Pordage, Theologia Mystica (1683), p. 2.

  8. 8.

    Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 833, fol. 64v; Berkshire Record Office, D/P/22/1/1.

  9. 9.

    Jane Lead, A Fountain of Gardens. Vol. III. Part II. (1701), pp. 300–01.

  10. 10.

    DWL, MS 24.109, printed in Walton, Notes, p. 203.

  11. 11.

    ‘Lebenslauff’, pp. 420–21.

  12. 12.

    Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 833, fol. 64v; Walton, Notes, p. 203.

  13. 13.

    ‘Lebenslauff’, p. 421.

  14. 14.

    TNA: PRO, Prob 11/369 fol. 59r-v; LMA, formerly GL, MS 6673/5.

  15. 15.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 1, pp. 143–49, 151, 156, 181–82, 198, 255, 332, 385, 419–20, 421, 427, 477–78, 506–09; vol. 2, pp. 86–87, 137–38, 205, 246, 247, 260, 400; vol. 3, part one, p. 55; vol. 3, part two, pp. 300–01.

  16. 16.

    ‘Lebenslauff’, p. 421.

  17. 17.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 1, pp. 4, 57, 255, 257; vol. 3, part two, sig. A2r.

  18. 18.

    DWL, MS 24.109 (9), a-b, printed, except the postscript, in Walton, Notes, pp. 191–94.

  19. 19.

    Bodl., MS Cherry 22, fols. 48–50, 51–55; DWL, MS 24.109 (7), MS 24.109 (8), a-b, partly printed in Walton, Notes, pp. 188, 190–91.

  20. 20.

    Walton, Notes, pp. 202–03.

  21. 21.

    Joanne Sperle, ‘God’s healing angel: A biography of Jane Ward Lead’, unpublished Kent State University Ph.D., 1985, pp. 88–89.

  22. 22.

    A. Capern, ‘Jane Lead and the Tradition of Puritan Pastoral Theology’ (this volume); Walton, Notes, p. 203.

  23. 23.

    DWL, MS 24.109 (9), a-b, printed in Walton, Notes, p. 193.

  24. 24.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 1, pp. 219–20.

  25. 25.

    Jane Lead, The Wonders of God’s Creation Manifested (London: T. Sowle, [1695]), pp. 29–33; cf. Jane Lead, The Revelation of Revelations (1683), pp. 46–53.

  26. 26.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 1, pp. 468–71, vol. 2, pp. 125–30; Lead, Revelation (1683), p. 38; W. Johnston, ‘Jane Lead and English apocalyptic thought in the late seventeenth century’ (this volume).

  27. 27.

    E. Bernstein, ‘Letters of Hilary Prach and John G. Matern’, Journal of the Friends Historical Society, 16 (1919), p. 5; Quirinus Kuhlmann, A. Z! Quirin Kuhlman a Christian Jesuelit his Quinary of slingstones (1683), pp. 12–13, 22; Hessayon, ‘Gold’, p. 293.

  28. 28.

    Quirinus Kuhlmann, A.Z. Der Kühlpsalter Oder Di Funffzehngesaenge (Amsterdam, 1684–86), part 1, sig. A3, pp. 22, 25, 26, 32, 33; Quirinus Kuhlmann, A.Z. The General London Epistle (1679), p. 64.

  29. 29.

    Kuhlmann, Christian Jesuelit, title-page; Kuhlmann, General London Epistle, errata; Arlene Miller, ‘Jacob Boehme: from Orthodoxy to Enlightenment’, unpublished Stanford University Ph.D., 1971, pp. 300–02.

  30. 30.

    S.J. Baumgarten, Nachrichten von mertwürdigen Büchern (Halle, 1756), pp. 324–25; LPL, MS 1048a, fols. 146–49; cf. FbG, Chart A 306, pp. 232–36.

  31. 31.

    Quirinus Kuhlmann, The Earle of Holland, chief of adepts (1684), p. 40; Miller, ‘Jacob Boehme’, pp. 299, 302.

  32. 32.

    Kuhlmann, Kühlpsalter, part 1, p. 149; Quirinus Kuhlmann, Des Christen Des Jesuelitens, Lutetier- Oder Pariser-schreiben (1681), pp. 22–65.

  33. 33.

    Kuhlmann, Christen Des Jesuelitens, pp. 1–15, with partial contemporary English translation at Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 396, fols. 123r–24v.

  34. 34.

    Quirinus Kuhlmann, A.Z. Quirini Kuhlmanni Kircheriana … ad Ludovicum XIV, regem liligerum (1681).

  35. 35.

    Kuhlmann, Christen Des Jesuelitens, pp. 117, 118.

  36. 36.

    LPL, MS 1048a, fols. 146–49; FbG, Chart A 306, pp. 232–36; Baumgarten, Nachrichten, pp. 324–25.

  37. 37.

    Kuhlmann, Kühlpsalter, part 3, p. 23 line 6473, p. 40, lines 7829, 7840.

  38. 38.

    Chetham’s, Mun. A.7.64, pp. 6, 29–30.

  39. 39.

    Chetham’s, Mun. A.7.64, pp. 195–97; LPL, F/B/1-1680-83, printed in R.L. Beare, ‘Quirinus Kuhlmann: where and when?’, Modern Language Notes, 77 (1962), p. 381.

  40. 40.

    Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 833, fols. 57v, 65r, 65v, 82v, 87r.

  41. 41.

    Friedrich Breckling, Autobiographie. Ein frühneuzeitliches Ego-Dokument im Spannungsfeld von Spiritualismus, radikalem Pietismus und Theosophie, ed. Johann Anselm Steiger (Tübingen, 2005), pp. 48, 65, 92; Quirinus Kuhlmann, Pariserschreiben an … Frau Tanneke von Schwindern (Amsterdam, 1680); Kuhlmann, Kühlpsalter, part 1, pp. 151, 203, part 2, p. 35, part 3, pp. 24, 31, 39, 42; FbG, Chart A 306, p. 235; Miller, ‘Jacob Boehme’, p. 611.

  42. 42.

    Quirinus Kuhlmann, The Parisian-Epistle of Quirinus Kuhlmann To Albertus Otho Faber (1683), no. 14, quoted in Miller, ‘Jacob Boehme’, pp. 315–16 n. 58; Kuhlmann, Kühlpsalter, part 1, preface (no. 18), part 2, pp. 41, 54, part 3, pp. 23, 42.

  43. 43.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 2, pp. 520–21; Jane Lead, The Revelation of Revelations (2nd edn., 1701), pp. 175–76; W. Johnston, ‘Prophecy, Patriarchy, and Violence in the Early Modern Household: The Revelations of Anne Wentworth’, Journal of Family History, 34:4 (2009), pp. 344–68.

  44. 44.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 1, pp. 327–28; Lead, Revelation (1701 edn.), pp. 170–71.

  45. 45.

    TNA: PRO, Prob 11/357 fol. 122r-v.

  46. 46.

    Lead, Revelation of Revelations (1701 edn.), p. 170.

  47. 47.

    J[ane] L[ead], in Pordage, Theologia Mystica, p. 3; TNA: PRO, Prob 11/369 fol. 59r-v.

  48. 48.

    ‘Lebenslauff’, p. 420.

  49. 49.

    Pordage, Theologia Mystica, pp. 1, 3–4, 5, 7, 61; Richard Baxter, The Certainty of the Worlds of Spirits (London: T. Parkhurst and J. Salusbury, 1691), p. 176; ‘William Burman or Boreman’, in Early Modern Practitioners http://practitioners.exeter.ac.uk/sample-data/.

  50. 50.

    TNA: PRO, Prob 11/498 fols. 218v–21r.

  51. 51.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 3, part two, pp. 256, 260, 267.

  52. 52.

    DWL, MS 186.18 (1), p. 1; Lead, Revelation (1683), [p. 131], copy held at Union Theological Seminary Library (New York), Burke Library, 1683 L43; Jane Lead, Offenbahrung der Offenbahrungen (Amsterdam, 1695), pp. 263–64.

  53. 53.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 3, part two, p. 312; John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster (1720), book 3 chapter 12, at http://www.hrionline.ac.uk/strype/index.jsp; Paula McDowell, ‘Sowle, Andrew (1628–1695)’, ODNB.

  54. 54.

    Lead, Revelation (1701), sigs. A2v, b; Walton, Notes, p. 203.

  55. 55.

    Bodl., MS Rawlinson C 548.

  56. 56.

    Walton, Notes, pp. 240–41.

  57. 57.

    ‘Lebenslauff’, p. 421.

  58. 58.

    FbG, Chart A 297, p. 15; Thune, Behmenists, p. 80.

  59. 59.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 3, part two, sig. A2r.

  60. 60.

    Cf. Thune, Behmenists, pp. 80–81; Brian Gibbons, Gender in Mystical and Occult Thought: Behmenism and its development in England (Cambridge, 1996), p. 144.

  61. 61.

    Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 3, part two, preface.

  62. 62.

    Percy Millican, The Register of the Freemen of Norwich 1548–1713 (Norwich, 1934), pp. 144, 145; TNA: PRO, Prob 11/213 fols. 87r–88r.

  63. 63.

    TNA: PRO, E 121/2/5 no. 35, p. 16; C.H. Firth, ‘The raising of the Ironsides’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, new series, 13 (1899), p. 32.

  64. 64.

    TNA: PRO, C 54/3781/35; TNA: PRO, E 121/3/6; F.M., ‘Account of the sale of Bishops’ lands between the years 1647 and 1651’, Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, 1 (1834), p. 288; G. Jaggar, ‘Colonel Edward Whalley’, Norfolk Archaeology, 36 (1977), pp. 160–61.

  65. 65.

    TNA: PRO, SP 9/26; TNA: PRO, SP 29/67 no. 120, printed in ‘Williamson’s Spy Book’, Transactions of the Congregational History Society, 5 (1911–12), pp. 254, 308.

  66. 66.

    FbG, Chart A 306, p. 235; ‘Lebenslauff’, p. 420; Roach, Great Crisis, p. 99.

  67. 67.

    Joseph Sabberton, To make the true compound Elixir of scurvy-grass (1680); John Pordage, The true Spirit of Scurvy-Grass (no date); TNA: PRO, Prob 11/393 fol. 71r–v.

  68. 68.

    Charles Blagrave, Directions for the Golden Purging Spirit of Scurvey-Grass (no date); Charles Blagrave, Doctor Blagrave’s Excellent and highly Approved Spirits of Scurvey-Grass (no date).

  69. 69.

    John Pordage, Innocencie Appearing (1655), pp. 80–81; T.C. Wales and C.P. Hartley (eds.), The Visitation of London begun in 1687, Harleian Society, new series 16–17 (2004), part 1, pp. 38–39.

  70. 70.

    Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 832 fols. 3r–4r.

  71. 71.

    FbG, Chart A 306, p. 234.

  72. 72.

    TNA: PRO, Prob 11/419 fols. 13v–14v; TNA: PRO, Prob 11/414 fols. 227v–28.

  73. 73.

    TNA: PRO, Prob 11/498 fol. 124r-v; Thomas Bromley, XCIV. Evangelisch-Christlich-Practicale Send-Schreiben Abgelassen an einige des Authoris gute freunde (1719), pp. 87, 100, 103, 112, 119, 192.

  74. 74.

    Royal College of Physicians (London), Annals, vol. IV, fol. 103v; Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz Handschriftenabteilung (Berlin), Nachlaß A.H. Francke, Kapsel 30—England betreffend, fol. 300.

  75. 75.

    BL, Add. MS 4292 fols. 134r–35r, partly printed in M. McKeon, ‘Sabbatai Sevi in England’, Association for Jewish Studies review, 2 (1977), pp. 157–58.

  76. 76.

    Gerard Croese, The General History of the Quakers (1696), book II, pp. 27–28, 30; ‘The convincement of John Coughen’, Journal of Friends Historical Society, 19 (1922), pp. 22–24; William Hull, Benjamin Furly and Quakerism in Rotterdam (1941), pp. 20–26; Charlotte Fell Smith (ed.), Steven Crisp and his correspondents, 1657–1692 (1892), pp. 59, 61.

  77. 77.

    Breckling, Autobiographie, pp. 42, 48; Kuhlmann, Christen Des Jesuelitens, pp. 37, 60; Miller, ‘Jacob Boehme’, pp. 300, 304; Keith Sprunger, Dutch Puritanism (Leiden, 1982), pp. 160–61, 414.

  78. 78.

    National Archives of Scotland (Edinburgh), CH 12/20/9; TNA: PRO, Prob 11/476 fols. 281r–82v.

  79. 79.

    TNA: PRO, Prob 11/414 fol. 228r; TNA: PRO, Prob 11/412 fol. 274r.

  80. 80.

    GL, MS 30,708/3 fol. 223r; GL, MS 30,708/4 fol. 10r; Venn and Venn (eds.), Alumni Cantabrigienses, vol. 3, p. 381.

  81. 81.

    Pordage, Innocencie Appearing, pp. 37, 49, 89; Bodl., MS J. Walker e.5, fol. 156v; Edmund Calamy, An Abridgment of Mr. Baxter’s History of his life and tmes (2nd edn., 2 vols., 1713), vol. 2, p. 104.

  82. 82.

    FHL, MS vol. 342, John Penington MSS, vol. 2, fols. 227–42, 310, 317, partly printed in John Barclay (ed.), Letters of Isaac Penington (2nd edn., Philadelphia, 1828), pp. 31–34, 136, 212–16, 257–61.

  83. 83.

    FbG, Chart A 297, p. 15; Thune, Behmenists, p. 81.

  84. 84.

    TNA: PRO, Prob 11/412 fols. 273r–74r.

  85. 85.

    FbG, Chart A 306, p. 235.

  86. 86.

    TNA: PRO, Prob 11/334 fol. 323r; Mercers’ Company (London), Acts of Court, 1675–1681, fols. 132r–33r, 134v, 136r, 137r; Acts of Court, 1681–1687, fol. 14r-v; Acts of Court, 1687–1693, fols. 158r, 162v, 163r, 164r, 165r–66r, 178v–79r, 199r, 209r; MC/1/62/D/2; MC/1/62/D/3; City of London Livery Companies Commission. Report, Volume 4 (1884), pp. 44–52; London Gardens Online, http://www.londongardensonline.org.uk/gardens-online-record.asp?ID=THM025#.

  87. 87.

    Jane Lead, The Enochian Walks with God (1694), pp. 17, 18, 21, 36, 37; Jane Lead, A Revelation of the Everlasting Gospel-Message (1697), pp. 1, 5, 15.

  88. 88.

    C.B. Jewson, ‘Return of Conventicles in Norwich Diocese 1669—Lambeth MS no. 639’, Norfolk Archaeology, 33 (1965), p. 17; LPL, MS 930 no. 56.

  89. 89.

    [Richard Roach], ‘Preface’ to [Jeremiah White], The Restoration of All Things (1712), no pagination; John Denis, ‘Preface’ to Jeremiah White, The Restoration of All Things (3rd edn., 1779), xxxiii–xxxiv; Thomas Whittemore, The Modern History of Universalism (Boston, 1830), pp. 112–14; Sarah Apetrei, Women, Feminism and Religion in Early Enlightenment England (Cambridge, 2010), pp. 191–92.

  90. 90.

    Lead, Everlasting Gospel-Message, pp. 15, 25; Lead, Enochian Walks, pp. 35–37; Jane Lead, The Enochian Walks with God (2nd edn., 1702), ‘Advertisement’; Thune, Behmenists, pp. 72–76; Daniel Walker, The Decline of Hell. Seventeenth-Century Discussions of Eternal Torment (1964), pp. 219, 222–23.

  91. 91.

    Lead, Enochian Walks, title-page, p. 38; M. Treadwell, ‘London printers and printing houses in 1705’, Publishing History, 7 (1980), p. 22.

  92. 92.

    Mercers’ Company, Acts of Court, 1687–1693, fol. 179r; MC/1/62/A/15.

  93. 93.

    Thomas Bromley, The Way to the Sabbath of Rest (1692), ‘Publisher to the Reader’.

  94. 94.

    Lead, Wonders of God’s Creation, sig. A2v.

  95. 95.

    Breckling, Autobiographie, p. 65; FbG, Chart A 306, p. 235.

  96. 96.

    Breckling, Autobiographie, pp. 65, 74; Johann Georg Gichtel, Theosophia Practica, ed. J.W. Ueberfeld (3rd edn., Leiden, 1722), vol. 1, pp. 125–26, 414.

  97. 97.

    Walton, Notes, p. 508.

  98. 98.

    Walton, Notes, p. 508.

  99. 99.

    Lead, Wonders of God’s Creation, sig. A2v.

  100. 100.

    Johann Georg Gichtel, Erbauliche Theosophische Send-Schreiben (‘Bethulia’, 1710), vol. 3, pp. 132–33; L. Martin, ‘Jane Lead in the correspondence of Johann Georg Gichtel’ (this volume).

  101. 101.

    Gichtel, Theosophia Practica, vol. 5, pp. 3540–41, vol. 7, pp. 326–27; Thune, Behmenists, p. 111; Martin (this volume).

  102. 102.

    FbG, Chart A 297, p. 16; Thune, Behmenists, p. 81.

  103. 103.

    LPL, MS 1048a, fols. 138, 159; Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 832 fol. 53r-v.

  104. 104.

    Gichtel, Theosophia Practica, vol. 5, pp. 3741–42, vol. 7, p. 328; Thune, Behmenists, p. 81 n. 8; Martin (this volume).

  105. 105.

    Breckling, Autobiographie, p. 49.

  106. 106.

    Johann Wilhelm Petersen, Lebens-Beschreibung Johannis Wilhelmi Petersen (1719), pp. 297, 299; The Life of Lady Johanna Eleonora Petersen Written by Herself, ed. Barbara Becker-Cantarino (Chicago, 2005), pp. 15–17, 22; Thune, Behmenists, pp. 108–10, 113–14; Martin (this volume).

  107. 107.

    Lead, Wonders of God’s Creation, pp. 67–89.

  108. 108.

    Lead, Everlasting Gospel-Message, p. 39; Lead, Enochian Walks (1702), ‘Advertisement’; [Roach], ‘Preface’ to [White], Restoration, no pagination.

  109. 109.

    Gichtel, Theosophische Send-Schreiben, vol. 2, pp. 111–20, 126–33; Martin (this volume).

  110. 110.

    Gichtel, Theosophische Send-Schreiben, vol. 2, pp. 136–43; Martin (this volume).

  111. 111.

    J.W. Petersen, Lebens-Beschreibung, p. 297; Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 832 fol. 67r; FbG, Chart A 297, pp. 90–91, 123–29.

  112. 112.

    FbG, Chart A 297, p. 16; Thune, Behmenists, p. 81.

  113. 113.

    Francis Lee (ed.), Theosophical Transactions by the Philadelphian Society (5 vols., 1697), vol. 1, pp. 43–45, 46–52, vol. 3, pp. 142–51; LPL, MS 1048a, fols. 142, 150–52.

  114. 114.

    J[ohann] W[ilhelm] P[etersen], A Letter to some Divines (1695); Lead, Fountain of Gardens, vol. 1, pp. 493–502; Lead, Revelation (1701), pp. 171–72; Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 832 fol. 46r.

  115. 115.

    Walton, Notes, p. 508; Lead, Offenbahrung, pp. 284–85; Thune, Behmenists, p. 100.

  116. 116.

    TNA: PRO, Prob 11/537 fols. 73v–74v; G & C, MS 725/752, [Thomas Haywood], ‘An Essay towards the Life or rather some account of the late Learned and pious Francis Lee, M.D.’ (1722), no foliation; Francis Lee, Apoleipomena. Or, Dissertations (2 vols., 1752), vol. 1, pp. v–vi.

  117. 117.

    Harry Bristow Wilson, History of Merchant Taylors’ School (1814), part ii, pp. 880–81 n.; Joseph Foster (ed.) Alumni Oxonienses: The Members of the University of Oxford, 1500–1714 (4 vols., Oxford, 1891–92), vol. 3, p. 893; G & C, MS 725/752; Lee, Apoleipomena, vol. 1, p. vi.

  118. 118.

    G & C, MS 725/752; cf. Lee, Apoleipomena, vol. 1, pp. xxvii–xxviii.

  119. 119.

    G & C, MS 725/752.

  120. 120.

    G & C, MS 725/752; Anthony Wood, Athenae Oxonienses, ed. Philip Bliss (4 vols., 1813–20), vol. 4, col. 713; Walton, Notes, p. 509.

  121. 121.

    Bodl., MS Smith 47, fol. 106; R.W. Innes Smith, English-Speaking Students of Medicine at the University of Leyden (Edinburgh, 1932), p. 59.

  122. 122.

    G & C, MS 725/752; Lee, Apoleipomena, vol. 1, p. xvi; ‘Alphabetical list of British medical students at Padua University, 1618–1771’, https://members.rcpe.ac.uk/students/list/index.php.

  123. 123.

    G & C, MS 725/752; Lee, Apoleipomena, vol. 1, p. xvi.

  124. 124.

    G & C, MS 725/752; Lee, Apoleipomena, vol. 1, pp. vi–xvi.

  125. 125.

    G & C, MS 725/752; TNA: PRO, Prob 11/412 fol. 143v; LJ, xv, 179, 206, 226–27, 409, 410; CJ, xi, 128, 141–42, 150; Walton, Notes, p. 509.

  126. 126.

    G & C, MS 725/752; Lee, Apoleipomena, vol. 1, p. xvi.

  127. 127.

    Walton, Notes, p. 508; G & C, MS 725/752.

  128. 128.

    Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 832 fol. 67r; LPL, MS 1048a, fols. 119, 127, 146–47; FbG, Chart A 297, p. 5; FbG, Chart A 306, pp. 231–32; Thune, Behmenists, p. 125.

  129. 129.

    Friedrich Breckling was then at The Hague but he was not a doctor. Nor does he mention Lee in his autobiography.

  130. 130.

    Cf. Walton, Notes, p. 508, whose reading of ‘Mr Finley at Rotterdam’ has lead several modern researchers astray.

  131. 131.

    FbG, Chart A 297, pp. 107, 424; Bibliotheca Furliana (Rotterdam, 1714), p. 135, nos. 623, 624.

  132. 132.

    Hull, Benjamin Furly, pp. 22–23.

  133. 133.

    Walton, Notes, p. 508; Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 833 fol. 65r-v.

  134. 134.

    Breckling, Autobiographie, p. 74; Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 832 fols. 13r, 14r, 15r–16r, 17r-18r, 18r–19v; LPL, MS 1048a, fol. 103. Passes were issued for Shilgram Scheller, Salomon Scheller and Sigfred Scheller to go to Holland respectively on 1 October 1690, 1 December 1695 and 5 December 1696. Deichmann’s, associate, however, departed on 1 August 1695.

  135. 135.

    Walton, Notes, p. 508; Bodl., MS Rawlinson D 833 fols. 16r, 18r, 20v.

  136. 136.

    Walton, Notes, pp. 508–09; G & C, MS 725/752.

  137. 137.

    Walton, Notes, pp. 509, 226–27; G & C, MS 725/752.

  138. 138.

    Walton, Notes, pp. 226–27; Mercers’ Company, Acts of Court, 1700–07, fol. 101r.

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  1. Department of History, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK

    Ariel Hessayon

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    Ariel Hessayon

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Hessayon, A. (2016). Lead’s Life and Times (Part Two): The Woman in the Wilderness. In: Hessayon, A. (eds) Jane Lead and her Transnational Legacy. Christianities in the Trans-Atlantic World, 1500-1800. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-39614-3_3

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