Abstract
This chapter surveys how environmentalism has moved from a fringe, counter-cultural concern to the avowed concern of public, policy makers and corporations in little over fifty years to the point where we can now recognise the mainstreaming of a ‘sustainability agenda’. This is a story in which after many years of near-silence, psychology and the social sciences have to come to play an increasingly prominent role. This chapter briefly charts some of the early signs of this academic attention and subsequent influence. It will summarise how recent developments across the social sciences have in various ways attempted to advance understandings of the relationship between human and non-human nature, understood as in crisis, that more fully accommodate social, psychological and interpenetrating ecological processes. The initial focus of the chapter establishes the key claim in this developing literature - that social context has been under-theorised and researched in applying psychology to the human-nonhuman nature relationship, particularly envisaged as environmental ‘problems’ and behavioural ‘solutions’.
Keywords
- Global Environmental Change
- Significant Behaviour
- Sustainable Behaviour
- Ecological Crisis
- Social Science Perspective
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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- 1.
The twenty-first century has continued in similar fashion, already registering the largest accidental oil spill of all time (Deepwater Horizon 2010); the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster (2011), and extreme weather events including the Boxing Day Tsunamis (2004), Hurricane Katrina and others (2005).
- 2.
- 3.
An illustrative example of psychology’s moment in the sustainability spotlight is the activity of the largest and most powerful psychological association in the world – the American Psychological Association. The Association created a climate change ‘task force’, which produced an extensive report (American Psychological Association 2009), followed by later updates (Doherty and Clayton 2011; Swim et al. 2011a, b; Reser and Swim 2011; Gifford 2011; Stern 2011).
- 4.
After reading these documents in some detail, it is easy to concur with Black’s more general criticism that ‘the IPCC has shown a remarkably consistent capacity to turn out documents that defy comprehension by the non-specialist, despite the undoubted quality of the underlying assessments’ (Black 2015, p. 282).
- 5.
This shared context is presumably what motivates natural and social scientists concerned about anthropogenic ecological degradation to commit themselves to developing relevant theoretical models, carry out research and communicate their findings.
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See www.futureearth.org. See also the International Council for Science’s International Human Dimensions Programme (IHDP est. 1996); and the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP, est. 1987).
- 7.
The IPCC Working Group Reports alone amount to over 4000 pages.
- 8.
Of course persistent calls for a heightened role for social science perspectives is not itself evidence of a greater presence for social science understandings, let alone critical ones. The actual influence of social science perspectives on policy formation, international treaties, and collective responses more generally is yet to be seen.
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Adams, M. (2016). Ecological Crisis Through a Social Lens. In: Ecological Crisis, Sustainability and the Psychosocial Subject. Studies in the Psychosocial. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-35160-9_3
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