Workers’ Participation in Australian Workplaces: Past Legacies and Current Practices
Abstract
In Australia, strategic choices made by governments, employers, and trade unions in relation to workers’ participation have been strongly influenced by the legal framework of the industrial relations system (IRS). The foundation of the current system was laid in the early 1900s with the adoption of compulsory arbitration of industrial disputes and the establishment of federal and state industrial tribunals to administer the system. However, since the mid-1980s, as the Australian economy opened to international competition, the centralized system of arbitration has been gradually dismantled. The current enterprise-based or decentralized system of workplace relations has been accompanied by a significant decline in overall union membership which has impeded the development of formal systems of worker participation. It remains to be seen if the new form of more individualized employment relations will create opportunities for workers’ participation to flourish in the future.
Bibliography
- Australian Centre for Industrial Relations Research and Teaching (ACIRRT). (1994). Agreements Database and Monitor Report (ADAM). Sydney: ACIRRT.Google Scholar
- Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU). (1983). Statement of Accord. Melbourne: ACTU.Google Scholar
- Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU) and Trade Development Council. (1987). Australia Reconstructed. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.Google Scholar
- Australian Financial Review. (2015, January 23). Productivity Commission Workplace Issues Papers.Google Scholar
- Australian Manufacturing Workers Union (AMWU). (2013, December 3–4). Skilled Workers Adapt to High Road Challenge, AMWU News, pp. 2–4.Google Scholar
- Australian Mining and Metals Association (AMMA) and the Australian Government Workplace Authority. (2007). Workplace Improvement Through Employee Engagement: A Guide for Australian Employers in the Resources Industry. Canberra: AMMA and the Australian Government.Google Scholar
- Business Council of Australia (BCA). (1989). Enterprise-Based Bargaining: A Better Way of Working. Melbourne: BCA.Google Scholar
- Capling, A., & Galligan, B. (1992). Beyond the Protective State: The Political Economy of Australia’s Manufacturing Industry Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Confederation of Australian Industry (CAI). (1988). Employer Perspectives on the ACTU/TDC Report ‘Australia Reconstructed’. Melbourne: CAI.Google Scholar
- Confederation of Australian Industry (CAI), Business Council of Australia (BCA) and Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU). (1986). Issues Related to Productivity Improvements: Joint Statement. Melbourne: CAI, BCA and ACTU.Google Scholar
- Cooper, R. (2010). The “New” Industrial Relations and International Economic Crisis: Australia in 2009. Journal of Industrial Relations, 34(3), 339–362.Google Scholar
- Cooper, R., & Ellem, B. (2008). The Neoliberal State, Trade Unions and Collective Bargaining in Australia. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 46(3), 532–554.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Davis, E. M., & Lansbury, R. D. (1996). Consultation and Employee Participation in Australian Workplaces: 1986–95. In E. M. Davis & R. D. Lansbury (Eds.), Managing Together: Consultation and Participation in the Workplace (pp. 1–24). Melbourne: Longman.Google Scholar
- Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR). (2012). Towards More Productive and Equitable Workplaces: An Evaluation of the Fair Work Legislation. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.Google Scholar
- Department of Employment and Industrial Relations (DEIR). (1984). Industrial Democracy and Employee Participation: Seminar Proceedings. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.Google Scholar
- Department of Employment and Industrial Relations (DEIR). (1986). Industrial Democracy and Employee Participation. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.Google Scholar
- Forsyth A., & Korman, S. (2006, September 22–23). Joint Consultative Committees in Australia: An Empirical Update. Proceedings of the Third Australian Labour Law Association National Conference, Brisbane.Google Scholar
- Garnett, A., & Lewis, P. (2010). The Economy. In C. Aulich & M. Evans (Eds.), The Rudd Government’s Australian Government Administration 2007–2010. Canberra: ANU E-Press.Google Scholar
- Gillard, J. (2009). Address. International Labour and Employment Relations Association (ILERA), Sydney.Google Scholar
- Hall, P. A., & Soskice, D. (Eds.). (2001). Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Hancock, K. (1984). The First Half of Century of Wage Policy. In B. Chapman, J. E. Isaac, & J. Niland (Eds.), Australian Labour Economics Readings (pp. 44–99). Melbourne: Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Hancock, K. (2012). Enterprise Bargaining and Productivity. Labour and Industry, 22(3), 289–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Holland, P., Pyman, A., Cooper, B. K., & Teicher, J. (2009). The Development of Alternative Voice Mechanisms in Australia: The Case of Joint Consultation. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 30(1), 67–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Howard, J. (2005). Workplace Industrial Relations Reform: The Next Logical Step (pp. 78–90). Winter: The Sydney Papers.Google Scholar
- Isaac, J. E. (1980). Industrial Democracy in the Context of Conciliation and Arbitration. In R. D. Lansbury (Ed.), Democracy in the Workplace (pp. 34–53). Melbourne: Longman Cheshire.Google Scholar
- Kelty, W. (1991). Together for Tomorrow. ACTU Congress Proceedings. Melbourne: ACTU.Google Scholar
- Lansbury, R. D. (1978). The Return to Arbitration: Recent Trends in Dispute Settlement and Wages Policy in Australia. International Labour Review, 117(5), 611–624.Google Scholar
- Lansbury, R. D. (1980). Australian Approaches to Industrial Democracy. In R. D. Lansbury (Ed.), Democracy in the Workplace (pp. 17–33). Melbourne: Longman Cheshire.Google Scholar
- Lansbury, R. D. (1984). The Accord: A New Experiment in Australian Industrial Relations. Labour and Society, 10(2), 223–235.Google Scholar
- Lansbury, R. D. (2014). An Elusive Quest: Effective Communications and Employee Engagement in Australia. Fair Work Commission Invited Papers, 1–11.Google Scholar
- MacIntyre, S. (2004). Arbitration in Action. In J. E. Isaac & S. MacIntyre (Eds.), The New Province for Law and Order: 100 Years of Australian Conciliation and Arbitration. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.Google Scholar
- Macneil, J., Haworth, N., & Rasmussen, E. (2011). Addressing the Productivity Challenge? Government Sponsored Partnership Programs in Australia and New Zealand. International Journal of Human Resources Management, 22(18), 2813–2819.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Marchington, M. (2015). Analysing the Forces Shaping Employee Involvement and Participation (EIP) at Organisational Level in Liberal Market Economies (LMEs). Human Resources Management Journal, 25(1), 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Markey, R., & Patmore, G. (2009). The Role of the State in the Diffusion of Industrial Democracy: South Australia 1972–9. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 30(1), 37–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Morehead, A., Steele, M., Alexander, M., Stephens, K., & Duffin, L. (1997). Change at Work: The 1995 Australian Workplace Relations Survey (AWIRS 1995). South Melbourne: Longman.Google Scholar
- National Wage Case Decision 1989. Dec. 530/89 M Print H9100.Google Scholar
- Patmore, G. (1991). Australian Labour History. Melbourne: Longman Cheshire.Google Scholar
- Patmore, G. (2006). A Voice for Whom? Employee Representation and Labour Legislation in Australia. The University of New South Wales Law Journal, 29(1), 8–21.Google Scholar
- Peetz, D. (2006). Hollow Shells: The Alleged Link Between Individual Contracting and Productivity Growth. Journal of Australian Political Economy, 56, 32–55.Google Scholar
- Peetz, D., & Bailey, J. (2010, July 14). Neoliberal Evolution and Union Responses in Australia. Proceedings of the International Sociological Association World Congress. Gothenburg.Google Scholar
- Poole, M., Lansbury, R. D., & Wailes, N. (2001). Participation and Industrial Democracy Revisited: A Theoretical Perspective. In R. Markey, P. Gollan, A. Hodgkinson, A. Chouraqui, & U. Veersma (Eds.), Models of Participation in a Changing Global Environment: Diversity and Interaction (pp. 22–34). Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Company.Google Scholar
- Todd, T. (2012). Employers in Australia in 2011: New Roles and Relations in the Workplace. In M. Baird, K. Hancock, & J. E. Isaac (Eds.), Work and Employment Relations: An Era of Change (pp. 51–62). Sydney: Federation Press.Google Scholar
- Townsend, K., Wilkinson, A., Burgess, J., & Brown, K. (2013). Has Australia’s Road to Workplace Partnership Reached a Dead End? International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations, 29(2), 239–256.Google Scholar
- Walker, K. F. (1974). Workers Participation in Management: Problems, Practice and Prospect. International Institute for Labor Studies Bulletin, 12, 3–35.Google Scholar
- Wilkinson, A., Townsend, K., & Burgess, J. (2013). Reassessing Employee Involvement and Participation: Atrophy, Reinvigoration and Patchwork in Australian Workplaces. Journal of Industrial Relations, 55(4), 587–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Wilson, S., & Spies-Butcher, B. (2011). When Labor Makes a Difference: Union Mobilisation and the 2007 Federal Election in Australia. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 49(2), 306–333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Wright, C. F., & Lansbury, R. D. (2014). Trade Unions and Economic Reform in Australia, 1983–2013. Singapore Economic Review, 59(4), 1–22.Google Scholar