Abstract
This chapter examines the strategic interactions of organized groups and state actors in policy-making which have a bearing on development strategies, social policies and poverty. These organized groups include workers’ unions, organized business groups, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and political parties. This chapter will investigate the institutional arrangements circumscribing the interactions of the organized groups with state actors. How these arrangements have evolved as a result of rapid growth will also be discussed. The impact of such organized groups on policy-making for social development matters will then be discussed. The final section discusses how the interests of unorganized groups of the poor are being represented and catered for by the political parties — especially those belonging to the Barisan Nasional (BN) — and NGOs.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
ACCCIM (Association of Chinese Chambers of Commerce and Industry). 1997a. ‘ACCIM Memorandum on issues, proposals and recommendations on employment of foreign workers.’ ACCIM Bulletin, Issue No 2/97, May, pp. 23–25.
—. 1997b. ‘Memorandum for international trade and industry dialogue.’ ACCIM Bulletin, Issue No 2/97, May, pp. 27–31.
—. 1999. ‘Performance of the SMIs in the manufacturing sector.’ ACCIM Bulletin. Issue No 5/99. December, pp. 28–9.
—. 2001a. Performance of small and medium enterprises.’ ACCIM Bulletin, Issue No 4/01, October, pp. 9–10.
—. 2001b ’ Position paper on SMIs and a recipe for faster development to meet challenges of globalization and liberalization.’ ACCIM Bulletin No 5/01, December, pp. 10–15.
Chan, Raymond, Moha Asri Abdullah and Zikri Muhammad. 2003. Labour Relations and Regulations in Malaysia: Theory and Practice. City University of Hong Kong Working Paper Series No. 40. Hong Kong.
Chin Yee Whah. 2004. ‘Ethnicity and the Transformation of the Ali-Baba Partnership in the Chinese Business Culture in Malaysia.’ In Cheah Boon Kheng (ed.), The Challenge of Ethnicity: Building a Nation in Malaysia. Marshall Cavendish International, Singapore.
Crouch, Harold. 1996. Government and Society in Malaysia. Allen & Unwin, St Leonard’s, NSW.
Devaraj, Jeyakumar. 2002. Speaking Truth to Power: A Socialist Critique of Development in Malaysia. Alaigal, Ipoh.
Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM). 2005. www.fmm.org.my/p_ne_it.asp (accessed on 5 September 2005).
Gamba, Charles. 1962. The Origins of Trade Unionism in Malaya. Eastern Universities Press, Singapore.
George, K. 2004. ‘Trade Unions and Politics.’ Aliran Monthly, Vol. 24, No 1, pp. 28–30.
Gomez, E. T. 1994. Political Business: Corporate Involvement of Malaysian Political Parties. Centre for Southeast Asian Studies, James Cook University Press, Townsville, QLD.
—. 2004. ‘Affirmative Action and Enterprise Development in Malaysia.’ In Richard Mason and Ariffin Omar (eds), The Bumiputera Policy: Dynamics and Dilemmas. Special issue of Kajian Malaysia, Vol. 21, Nos. 1 & 2, pp. 89–104.
Hadiz, Vedi. 2003. ‘Changing State-Labour Relations in Indonesia and Malaysia and the 1997 crisis.’ In A. Heryanto and S. Mandal (eds), Challenging Authoritarianism in Southeast Asia. RoutledgeCurzon, London.
Heng Pek Khoon and Sieh Lee Mei Ling. 2000. ‘The Chinese Business Community in Peninsular Malaysia, 1957–1999.’ In Lee Kam Hing and Tan Chee Beng (eds), The Chinese in Malaysia. Oxford University Press, Singapore.
Jesudason, James.1990. Ethnicity and the Economy: The State, Chinese Business and the Multinationals in Malaysia. Oxford University Press, Singapore.
Jomo K. S. 1990. Growth and Structural Change in the Malaysian Economy. Macmillan Press, London.
Jomo K. S. and Patricia Todd. 1994. Trade Unions and the State in Peninsular Malaysia. Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur.
Jomo, K. S., Khoo Boo Teik and Chang Yii Tan. 1996. ‘Vision, Policy and Governance in Malaysia.’ In Leila Frischtak and Izak Atiyas (eds), Governance, Leadership and Communication. World Bank, Washington DC.
Khoo Boo Teik. 1995. Paradoxes of Mahathirism: An Intellectual Biography of Mahathir Mohamad. Oxford University Press. Kuala Lumpur.
Kua Kia Soong (ed.). 2001. People Before Profits: TheRights of Malaysian Communities in Development. Suaram Komunikasi, Petaling Jaya.
Loh, Francis Kok Wah.1988. Beyond the Tin Mines. Oxford University Press, Singapore.
—. 2001. ‘Where has (Ethnic) Politics Gone? The Case of the BN Non-Malay Politicians and Political Parties.’ In Robert Hefner (ed.), The Politics of Multiculturalism: Pluralism and Citizenship in Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore. University of Hawai’i Press, Honolulu.
Malaysia. 1985. Ministry of Labour Annual Report1985. Department of Trade Union Affairs, Kuala Lumpur.
—. 1998. Labour Force Survey Report – Malaysia1997. Department of Statistics, Kuala Lumpur.
—. 2000. Labour Force Survey Report – Malaysia2000. Department of Statistics, Kuala Lumpur.
—. 2006. Eighth Malaycia Plan 2001–2005. Kuala Lumpur.
—. 2007. Ninth Malaysia Plan 2006–2010. Kuala Lumpur.
—. (various years). Annual Economic Report. Ministry of Finance, Kuala Lumpur.
—. (various years) Annual Survey of Manufacturing Industries. Department of Statistics, Kuala Lumpur.
—. (various years). Labour Indicators. Ministry of Labour/Ministry of Human Resources, Kuala Lumpur.
Malaysian International Chamber of Commerce and Industry. 2007. Political and Economic Perspectives of Migration in Malaysia. Paper presented by MICCI Executive Director Stewart Forbes at the UNHCR Roundtable on Migration and Refugee Issues, 13–14 June 2005, Kuala Lumpur.
Malaysian Employers Federation (MEF). 2000. Annual Report –2000. Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Bhd., Kuala Lumpur.
—. 2005. The Employer’s Perspective: Migrant Workers and Malaysia’s Labour Need. Paper presented by MEF Industrial Relations Consultant Deepa Ramachandran at the UNHCR Roundtable on Migration and Refugee Issues, 13–14 June 2005, Kuala Lumpur.
—. www.mef.org.my/public’aboutmef_history.aspx (accessed on 5 September 2005).
Malaysian Trade Union Congress (MTUC). (various years). Annual Report.
—. www.mtuc.org.my (accessed on 5 May 2005).
Maznah Mohamed. 2002. ‘At the Centre and the Periphery: The Contribution of Women’s Movements to Democratization.’ In Francis Loh Kok Wah and Khoo Boo Teik (eds), Democracy in Malaysia: Discourses and Practices. Curzon, Richmond, Surrey.
Moha Asri Abdullah. 2001. ‘Economic Growth and Foreign Labour in Malaysia.’ In Fatimah Wati Ibrahim and Norehan Abdullah (eds), Issues on Economic Growth and the Quality of Life in Malaysia. Penerbit Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Kedah.
Ng, Cecilia. 2004. ‘Women Workers in Malaysia 1980–2004’ Parts 1 and 2. Aliran Monthly. Vol. 24. No. 4. pp. 9–12 and Vol. 24. No. 5. pp. 24–25.
Ponniah, A. H. 1996. ‘Pensions: Unions and Pensioners Cry Foul.’ Aliran Monthly, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 36–40.
Ramachandran, S. 1994. Indian Plantation Labour in Malaysia. Institute of Social Analysis, Kuala Lumpur.
Ramasamy, P.1994. Plantation Labour, Unions, Capital, and the State in Peninsular Malaysia. Oxford University Press. Kuala Lumpur.
Rohana Ariffin. 1994. ‘Assessing Patriarchy in Labour Organizations.’ In Maznah Mohamad and Wong Soak Koon (eds), Feminism: Malaysian Critique and Experience. Special Issue of Kajian Malaysia, Vol. 12, Nos. 1 & 2, June/ December, pp. 47–72.
—. 1997. Women’s Participation in Trade Unions in PeninsularMalaysia with Special Reference to MTUC’ and Cuepacs. Universiti Sains Malaysia Press. Penang.
Rowley, Chris and Mhinder Bhopal. 2003. ‘The Ethnic Factor in State-Labour Relations: The Case of Malaysia.’ Race and Class, No. 88, pp. 87–115.
Shamsulbahriah Ku Ahmad. 2003. ‘Malaysia after the Asia Crisis.’ In Colin Barlow and Francis K. W. Loh (eds), Malaysian Economics and Politics in the New Century. Edward Elgar. Cheltenham.
Stenson, Michael. 1970. Industrial Conflict in Malaya. Oxford University Press, London.
Syed Shahrir Syed Mohamud. 2006. Pekerja Malaysia: Terpinggir di Bumi Kaya! (Malaysian Workers: Marginalized in a Rich Land!). Strategic Information and Research Development Centre, Petaling Jaya.
—. 2007. ‘Protection of Migrant and Refugee Rights in Malaysia.’ In Proceedings of the Conference on the Challenges of Global Migration and Forced Displacement, 1–2 August 2006, United Nations, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 73–78.
Syed Shahir and G. Rajasekaran. 2007. ‘Minimum wage and Cola now!’ Aliran Monthly, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 12–15.
Todd, Patricia and Mhinder Bhopal. 2001. ‘Trade unions, segmentation and diversity: the organizing dilemmas in Malaysia.’ In Fiona Cogan and Sue Ledwith (eds), Gender, Diversity and Trade Unions: International Perspectives. Routledge, London.
Veerasenan. 2000. ‘Breakthrough in Klebang.’ Aliran Monthly, Vol. 20, No. 11/12, pp. 16–17.
Weiss, Meredith and Saliha Hassan (eds). 2003. Social Movements in Malaysia. RoutledgeCurzon, London.
Wu Min Aun. 2006. Industrial Relations Law of Malaysia. 3rd edition. Pearson Longman, Kuala Lumpur.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2012 United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wah, F.L.K. (2012). Organized Groups, Development Strategies and Social Policies. In: Teik, K.B. (eds) Policy Regimes and the Political Economy of Poverty Reduction in Malaysia. Developmental Pathways to Poverty Reduction. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137267016_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137267016_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-44323-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-26701-6
eBook Packages: Palgrave Economics & Finance CollectionEconomics and Finance (R0)