Abstract
The foundation of the feudal ‘Danubian Principalities’ of Wallachia and Moldavia in the late 13th and early 14th centuries marks the beginning of modern Romania. The nobility acted as the Turks’ agents until 1711 when, suspected of pro-Russian sentiments, they were replaced by Greek merchant adventurers, the Phanariots. The Phanariot period of ruthless extortion and corruption was ameliorated by Russian influence. Between 1829 and 1834 the foundations of the modern state were laid but Russian interference soon became repressive. The Moldavian and Wallachian assemblies were fused in 1862. In 1866 Carol of Hohenzollern came to the throne and a constitution adopted based on that of Belgium of 1831. Romania was formally declared independent by the Treaty of Berlin of 1878.
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Further Reading
Comisia Nationala pentru Statistica. Anuarul Statistic al României/Romanian Statistical Yearbook. Bucharest, annual.—Revista de Statistica. Monthly
Gallagher, T., Romania after Ceausescu; the Politics of Intolerance. Edinburgh Univ. Press. 1995
Rady, M., Romania in Turmoil: a Contemporary History. London, 1992
Siani-Davies, M. and P., Romania. [Bibliography] 2nd ed. ABC-Clio, Oxford and Santa Barbara (CA), (rev. ed.) 1998
National statistical office: Comisia Nationala pentru Statistica, 16 Libertatii Ave., sector 5, Bucharest.
Website: http://www.insse.ro
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© 2003 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Turner, B. (2003). Romania. In: Turner, B. (eds) The Statesman’s Yearbook. The Statesman’s Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230271326_246
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230271326_246
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